BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that there are large differences in the thickness of the soft tissue overlying hard tissue, and the soft tissue does not uniformly overly the hard tissue, indicating simple hard tissue measurement wil not harvest ideal facial profile in clinical treatment of malocclusions. OBJECTIVE: To study the craniofacial soft and hard tissue characteristics in the adult Angle class II malocclusion, and then to analyze the relationship between Angle class II1 and class II2 malocclusions. METHODS: Sixty patients with adult Angle II malocclusion who were accepted by the Department of Orthodontics of Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Jiamusi University from 2011 to 2014, on gender parity, aged 18-38 years (mean age of 26.3 years), including 30 cases of Angle class II1 and 30 cases of Angle class II2. Differences between the adult Angle class II1 and class II2 malocclusion patients were compared by cephalometric analysis based on X-ray measurement. Statistical correlation analysis was performed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Comparisons of hard tissue measurement of adult Angle class II1 and Angle class II2 malocclusions showed that: SNB, SND, ANB, FH-NP, U1-SN (P < 0.001), LI-NB (P< 0.01), L1-MP (P < 0.01), U1-L1 (P < 0.001) exhibited statisticaly significant differences between two groups (P < 0.05). (2) Comparisons of soft tissue measurement of adult Angle class II1 and Angle class II2 malocclusions showed that: there were significant differences in the ULA'-FH, LLNs-FH, ULNs-FH, CmSnUL, E-LL (P < 0.05). (3) There was a correlation between the soft and hard tissue of adult Angle class II1 and Angle class II2 malocclusions in al measurement indexes, but the correlativity exists differently. These findings indicate that for Angle class II1malocclusion, the maxilary and anterior teeth protrusions have a certain influence on the position of the lower lip; for Angle class II2 malocclusion, only maxilary protrusion can impact the position of the soft tissue of the lower lip. Chin soft tissue has no major changes in Angle class II2 malocclusion, but it varies greatly in Angle class II1 malocclusion. Clinical treatment of adult Angle class II malocclusions is developed based on the craniofacial soft and hard tissue characteristics in orthodontic and orthognathic surgeries.

BACKGROUND:RADA16 is a mature amphiphilic self-assembling peptide, which can be assembled into nanofibers, and promote MC3T3 E1 cellattachment, spreading and proliferation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of the new-type self-assembling peptide hydrogel NBD/RADA16 on osteogenic differentiation of mouse preosteoblasts MC3T3 E1.
METHODS:The MC3T3 E1 cells were inoculated in NBD/RADA16 self-assembling peptide hydrogel and RADA16 hydrogel for osteogenic induction. cells undergoing simple osteogenic induction served as controls. After culture for 1, 3, 6 days, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was detected. After 7 days, western blot assay was used to determine the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2. After 21 days, alizarin red staining was used to observe calcified nodules.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:MC3T3 E1 cells grew wel on the NBD/RADA16 peptide hydrogel, which were superior to those on the RADA16 hydrogel. The activity of alkaline phoshpatase was higher in the NBD/RADA16 group than the RADA16 and control groups (P<0.01). Compared with the RADA16 hydrogel, mineralized matrix deposition and expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 were higher on the NBD/RADA16 peptide hydrogel (P<0.01). These findings indicate that the NBD/RADA16 peptide hydrogel is superior to the RADA16 hydrogel for promoting the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 E1 cells.

Objective To observe imaging characteristics of carotid body tumor and schwannoma in carotid space. Methods CT, MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) appearances of 16 patients with carotid body tumors and schwannomas in carotid space confirmed pathologically were retrospectively analyzed. There were 8 patients with carotid body tumors and 8 patients with schwannomas. Six patients with carotid body tumors and 5 patients with schwannomas underwent CT plain scan. All the patients underwent MR plain and contrast-enhanced scan. Four patients with carotid body tumors and 2 patients with schwannomas underwent DSA examination. Results CT: Six carotid body tumors were lobulated soft tissue masses. The density of the tumors was similar to neck muscles. Two carotid body tumors involving jugular foramen expanded jugular foramen, and the margin was irregular and erosion-destructive. Five schwannomas were ovoid or fusiform soft tissue masses. The density of the tumors was mixed. Two schwannomas involved jugular foramen expanded jugular foramen, and the margin was smooth. MRI: Eight carotid body tumors were lobulated, well-defined, longitudinal growth masses with characteristic high-velocity flow voids. The tumor splayed and surrounded internal carotid artery and external carotid artery. The diameters of the arteries were normal. The tumors intensely enhanced on contrast-enhanced MRI. Eight schwannomas were ovoid or fusiform, well-defined, longitudinal growth masses with heterogeneous signal, splaying carotid artery and jugular vein. The diameters of the vessels were narrow. The tumors nonuniformly enhanced on contrast-enhanced MRI. DSA: Four carotid body tumors showed intense tumor blush, while 2 schwannomas showed slight tumor blush. Conclusion According to the imaging characteristic of the tumors, carotid body tumor and schwannoma in carotid space can be accurately differentiated.

Objective:To investigate the differential expression of miRNAs during white adipose tissue(WAT)browning in mice under different stimulation conditions, and to analyze the potential regulatory mechanisms.Methods:Mouse models of subcutaneous WAT(sWAT)browning were established by different methods: cold-induced browning and intraperitoneal injection of CL316-243.HE staining and analysis of thermogenesis-related gene expression were used to validate the browning models.miRNAs expression profiles in different conditions were described by RNA-sequencing(RNA-seq)and miRNAs with similar expression patterns in the two groups were detected via screening.Target genes of miRNAs were predicted by bioinformatics, and their expression levels were verified by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).Results:Both cold-induced browning and intraperitoneal injection of CL316-243 were able to activate the browning of sWAT, and the miRNA expression profile of sWAT showed significant differences before and after induction.After screening differentially expressed miRNAs, the expression of Mir-30E-3p was increased and the expression of Mir-181A-5p was decreased under different browning-inducing conditions in WAT.The prediction and validation of target genes revealed that cyclin-dependent kinase 6(Cdk6)and sirtuin 1(Sirt1)were potential targets regulated by miR-30e-3p and miR-181a-5p in the browning of sWAT, respectively.Conclusions:There are significant differences in miRNA expression during the browning of sWAT in mice induced by cold stimulation and CL316-243 injection.MiR-30e-3p and miR-181a-5p may be involved in the regulation of the sWAT browning process through target genes Cdk6 and Sirt1, respectively.