Objective To establish the animal model of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and investigate the immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cerebral palsy due to intrauterine infection. Methods Twenty-six mature pregnant Wistar rats were divided into experiment(n= 15)and control groups(n =11). LPS(0. 3 mg/kg) and distilled water were injected on 15 days of gestation to two groups respectively intraperitoneally. One hundred and twenty-eight neonatal rats of experiment group and 105 in the control group were obtained till the gestation day of 21. The level of IL-2, TNF-? and histology changes in neonatal rats' brain were observed by HE staining and RIA, water content in brain tissues were compared. Results IL-2[(3. 56?0. 450) ng/g] and TNF-? concentrations [(8. 23?0. 47)ng/g] in neonatal rats' brain of the experiment group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(0. 78?0. 2)ng/g and (5. 23?0. 32)ng/g, P

Objective:To investigate the necessity and measures about quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) in bedside photography based on digital radiography (DR). Methods: To do retrospective analysis on bedside photography in the same month of different years (2013.9 and 2014.9) by image storage and PACS system. Each has 200 cases. They were evaluated and analyzed of its causes in order to explore the QA improvement measures.Results:The application of DR and its quality control in bedside photography can improve image quality obviously, shorten the examination time greatly, reduce radiation dose, put an end to waste film.Conclusion: DR has obvious advantages in the bedside photography, can provide better image with more information for clinic work.

OBJECTIVE To approach the effect of empirically applying ?-lactam antibiotics for treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia on distribution and antibiotic-resistance of pathogenic bacteria.METHODS To investigate 141 patients with hospital-acqired pneumonia in intensive care unit during Jan 2001-Oct 2005,and divide into 3 groups:third generation cephalosporin group;lactamase inhibitor group;and other lactam antibiotics group according to different initial antibacterial strategy,then analyze difference in distribution and antibiotic-resistance of pathogens among each group.RESULTS We acquired 164 strains of pathogens.Comparing with other two groups,the proportion of Gram-positive cocci in lactamase inhibitor group was higher significantly(P

Objective To study the diagnostic value of MRCP in cholangiocarcinoma.Methods MRCP in 39 patients with cholangiocarcinoma comfirmed by surgery and pathology were performed on a GE 1.5T superconductive MR imaging unit before operations.Results MRCP imagings with diagnostic value were obtained in 39 cases,MRCP accurately showed the obstructive positions confirmed by surgery and pathology in all cases (100%).The qualitative rate of cholangiocarcinoma was 97%(38/39).Conclusion MRCP can not only accurately show the position of cholangiocarcinoma but also make accuracy diagnosis.

Objective To summary MRI findings and its diagnostic value of Balo's concentric sclerosis .Methods Brain MRI images of 4 cases with Balo's concentric sclerosis were studied with review of the literature in 13 cases.Results MRI showed multiple ring-like lesions within brains in 16 patients and single lesion only in 1.The deep white matters of cerebrum were involved in all patients.The cerebellum and brain stem were invaded in 2 and 4 respectively. Typical concentric sclerosis lesions demonstrated alternate middle and low signal rings on T1WI, middle and high on T2WI. The ring-like lesions were best seen on T1WI. The middle signal rings were enhanced on post-contrast images.The typical multiple sclerosis lesions were seen in 7 patients. Conclusion Balo's concentric sclerosis has characteristic findings on MRI.MRI is a very reliable diagnostic methed for this disease.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture plus nasal irrigation in treating upper airway cough syndrome (UACS).Method A total of 114 UACS patients were randomized into 3 groups, 38 cases in each group. Group A was treated with acupuncture plus electrical stimulation with sparse-dense wave, group B was intervened by nasal irrigation with Shuang Huang Lian, and group C was treated with the two methods together. The clinical efficacies of the three groups were compared.Result The total effective rates were respectively 84.2%, 73.7% and 94.7% in group A, group B and group C. The total effective rate of group C was significantly different from that of group A and group B (P<0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture plus nasal irrigation can produce a more significant therapeutic efficacy compared to electroacupuncture or nasal irrigation alone.

Objective To compare the effect of glucosamine (Virtral-s) on the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) secretion of chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro.Methods Chondrocytes and synoviocytes isolated from knee cartilage of osteoarthritic patients were cultured by phased enzymatic digestion.Sera containing Virtral-s of the experimental animals were obtained after orally administrated Virtral-s at the dosages that equal to human.Cells were cultured in the medium with Virtral-s containing sera.Super-natant COMP level was tested by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA).Results COMP conceu-tration of synoviocytes cultured in vitro was significantly higher than that of chondrocytes (P＜0.05).Virtral-s could significantly increase COMP secretion in cultured chondrocytes in vitro (P＜0.05),however,it had a weaker role on synoviocytes,ie,it could only mildly reduce COMP secretion of synoviocytes.Conclusion Glucosamine (Virtral-s)-containing serum can promote COMP secretion of chondrocytes in vitro,and it has no significant effect on synoviocytes in vitro.

Objective The purpose of this study was to use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) alone or in combination to observe the distribution of white matter lesions and cortical malfunctional areas in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients with mild cognitive decline and to explore the relationship between the DTI and the rs-fMRI methods.Methods Twenty-six HIV infected patients with mild cognitive impairment and 30 healthy volunteers were selected by Montreal Cognitive Asessment (MoCA) scale evaluation.DTI data and rs-fMRI data were obtained,fractional anisotropy (FA) value images were obtained with voxel based analysis and the resting-state default mode network (DMN),functional connectivity images were obtained with cingulate gyrus as a seed point.Overlay images were obtained with FA,DMN and Ch2 standard images.Results Compared with the control group,the white matter FA values were significantly decreased in the left precuneus(t=4.0499,P＜0.005) and right precuneus (t=5.1553,P＜0.005),right superior frontal gyrus(t=5.1517,5.1484,P＜0.005),right middle frontal gyrus (t=4.1444,P＜0.005),right precentral gyrus (t=3.7395,P＜0.005),right occipital lobe (t=7.2236,P＜0.005),and right inferior parietal lobule (t=4.1450,P＜0.005) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients.In resting-state default mode network,areas significantly related to cingulate gyrus seed point included the left cingulate gyrus (t =32.78,P＜0.005),left precuneus (t =4.51,P＜0.005),left superior frontal gyrus (t =14.33,4.53,P＜0.005),left middle temporal gyrus (t =10.01,5.72,P＜ 0.005),left inferior temporal gyrus (t =5.99,P＜0.005),left parahippocampal gyrus (t =7.63,P＜0.005),right posterior cingulate (t =34.81,P＜0.005),right precuneus (t=32.09,P＜0.005),right superior frontal gyrus(t =14.12,P＜0.005),right middle frontal gyrus (t=17.71,P＜0.005),right superior temporal gyrus (t=14.59,P＜0.005),and right middle temporal gyrus (t=11.83,P＜0.005); while areas not significantly related to the cingulate gyrus seed point included the left precuneus (t =5.39,P＜0.01),left anterior cingulate gyrus (t =3.66,P＜0.01),left cerebellar tonsils (t =7.51,P＜0.01),right superior parietal lobule (t=4.44,P＜0.01),right parahippocampa gyrus (t =3.69,P＜0.01),and right cerebellar tonsil (t=6.15,P＜0.01).Overlayed images showed that the white matter FA value of the left precuneus were decreased and the functional activitis of the corresponding cortex were significantly decreased; while the white matter FA values of the left precuneus,right precuneus,right superior frontal gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus were decreased without affection of the functional activity of the corresponding cortex in AIDS patients.Conclusion White matter nerve fiber disconnection of multiple brain regions and its corresponding cortical function decline with compensatory activity co-participated in the pathogenesis of AIDS mild cognitive decline.

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic value of non-contrast-enhanced MR venography (NCE-MRV) for Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS). Materials and Methods NCE-MRV and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination were performed in thirty-five patients with suspected BCS. The diagnostic agreement between them were compared. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value and positive predictive value were also calculated. Results In all 35 patients, 32 were diagnosed as BCS on DSA, and 33 on NCE-MRV. DSA showed inferior vena cava membrane stenosis in 8 patients compared to 10 on NCE-MRV;membrane obstruction in 7 compared to 6 on NCE-MRV, segmental stenosis in 3 compared to 4 on NCE-MRV;segmental obstruction in 10 compared to 10 on NCE-MRV, IVC thrombosis in 5 compared to 5 on NCE-MRV. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of NCE-MRV in diagnosing BCS were 100.0%, 67.8%, 97.1%, 100.0%and 96.9%, respectively. There was good intra-modality agreement (Kappa=0.89). NCE-MRV also demonstrated intra-hepatic collaterals in 30 patients, extra-hepatic collaterals in 27 cases, and accessory hepatic veins in 25 cases. Conclusion NCE-MRV has excellent diagnostic agreement with DSA in diagnosing inferior vena cava lesion in patients with BCS. It may be used in noninvasive diagnosis.

Objective To examine the effectiveness of HGF in blocking TGF-β1 induced α-SMA and extracellular matrix production in fibroblasts of the flexor tendon sheath. Methods Seven adult male New Zealand white rabbits (3.75-4.00 kg) were used for this study. Both of their front feet were sterilised and the middle digit flexor digitorum profundus tendon equivalents were identified and isolated. These specimens were used to establish primary cell cultures. Sheath fibroblasts were obtained from rabbit flexor tendons. After the cells reached confluence, cells were detached with trypsin/ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid. All experiments were performed using the cells at the third passage. At 70% confluence the medium was supplemented with 5 ng/ml of TGF-β1 along with increasing doses of HGF (10-40 ng/ml). After 72 hours incubation, the productions of α-SMA were assayed by Western-Blot. The productions of collagen Ⅰ and fibronectin in supernatants culture were examined using ELISA. Results Evaluation of protein expression revealed that TGF-β1 markedly induced α-SMA expression in cultured rabbit flexor tendon sheath fibroblasts. TGF-β1 treated fibroblasts expressed 1.8-fold more protein compared to non-treated fibroblasts (P ＜ 0.05). However, simultaneous incubation of HGF significantly abrogated TGF-β1 induced α-SMA expression in a dose-dependent manner (P＜ 0.05). Treatment with TGF-β1 significantly stimulated collagen Ⅰ and fibronectin production in flexor tendon sheath fibroblasts (P ＜ 0.01). Remarkably, the addition of HGF reduced productions of all components induced by TGF-β1 in a dose-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion HGF antagonizes TGF-β1 induced α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ, and fibronectin production in flexor tendon sheath fibroblasts. The findings provide a cellular and molecular basis for HGF's acting as a therapeutic agent for adhesions in flexor tendons.