Objective The study aimed to investigate 15 autosomal loci polymorphism(such as D3S1358 and TPOX)in Nujiang Bai nationality,in order to construct genetic basic data of Bai population and provide a foundation for population study and forensic cases. Methods Venous blood was collected from 124 unrelated Bai individuals in Nujiang,Yunnan province. DNA was extracted by classical organic solvent extraction. PCR technique was applied to amplify the sequence of autosomal loci. The products were measured by electrical fluoroscopy. The gene frequencies of 15 STR loci were investigated and genetic polymorphisms were analyzed. ResultsGene polymorphisms of 15 STR loci were detected and the distributions of genotype conformed with Hardy-Weinberg balance law(P > 0.05). The cumulative match probability(CPM)was 4.869×10-17,the cumulative excluding probability(CPE)was 99.999 99%,and the combined power of discrimination(CDP)was 99.999 97%. ConclusionThe 15 STR loci used in this study were highly polymorphic informative content in Bai population and could be applied to population study and forensic practice.