Object To investigate the ultrafine grinding and nanometer powder's antiobesity effect of Amorphophallus rivieri Durieu on nutritional obese rats. Methods The content of triglyceride, cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) of blood was measured by UV spectraphotometry method. The blood glucose was determined by spectraphotometry method. The antiobesity effect was determined by weight loss and Lee's coefficient. Results Compared with powder and polysaccharide of A. rivieri, the ultrafine grinding and nanometer powder of A. rivieri could significantly decrease the rat body weight and the Lee's coefficient of nutritional obese rats (P

Objective To evaluate the transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity of polyamine cationic liposomes (PCL), and to screen for a cationic liposome with high potency and low toxicity. Methods Four kinds of PCLs, namely PCL-A, PCL-B, PCL-C and PCL-D, were prepared with polyamine cationic lipid TC-Chol or DC-Chol and the neutral phospholipid DOPE in different molar ratios (1∶1 or 3∶1). The morphology of the liposome was observed by transmission electron microscope. Plasmid PIRES2-EGFP, which contained an enhanced green fluorescencent-protein (EGFP) reporter gene, was transfected into Hela cells or Hep2 cells with PCL-A, PCL-B, PCL-C and PCL-D, respectively. Expression of EGFP was examined by fluorescence microscopy and the cytotoxicity of the transfected cells was determined with MTT assay. Results The shape of PCL-A, PCL-B, PCL-C and PCL-D was round or oval, most of the PCLs were about 50-200nm in diameter. The transfection efficiency of the four kinds of PCLs was about 19.8%-42.1%. Among them, PCL-C prepared with TC-Chol and DOPE at a molar ratio of 3∶1 showed a higher transfection efficiency (39.5%-42.1%) and lower cytotoxicity (cellular survival rate was 86.57%?3.23%-84.43%?4.18%). Conclusions The polyamine cationic liposome prepared with polyamine cationic lipids TC-Chol or DC-Chol and the neutral phospholipid DOPE at a certain molar ratio mediated the transfection of the plasmid PIRES2-EGFP into mammalian cells. PCL-C exhibited higher transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity, and it might be a promising agent for gene transfection and gene therapy.

Objectives:To study the preparation techniques of gelatin microspheres encapsulated with sodium fluoride and evaluate the anticaries functions in dental plaque model in vitro. Methods:Fluoride gelatin microspheres were prepared by emulsion polymerisation method. The encapsulation rate and drug contents were tested by ISE. In vitro inhibition of demineralization were also examined. Results:The mean size of fluoride GMS was (16.81?8.77)?m.The encapsulation rate was 76.73%.The drug content was 5.61%.The release profile in vitro showed sustained effects. Fluoride GMS can prevent demineralization more efficiently. Conclusions:Fluoride gelatin microspheres may be an promising topical fluoride release system.

【Objective】 To study the incidence, possible etiology, diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma with multiple primary carcinom a. 【Method】 45 cases of EC with other primary tumors were eligible for the ret rospective study. 【Results】 Of 1389 cases with EC, the rate of EC accompanied wit h other primary carcinoma was 3.2% (45/1389); the interval between two tumors d iagnosed was ranged from 8 months to 19 years. The percentage of interval more t han 5 years accounted for 62% (16/26). Among these 45 patients, the percentage o f EC complicated by other reproductive tract tumor was 53%(24/45), of them, 19 were synchronous carcinoma. The rate of EC with breast cancer and colo-rectal carcinoma were 169%(7/45), and 11%(5/45) respectively. Clinical staging for pati ents with EC plus multiple primary malignancy were 30 with stage Ⅰ, 9 stage Ⅱ, 3 stage Ⅲ and 2 stage Ⅳ. All patients with first primary tumors were treated by radical treatment. While 8 cases were also treated by radiation and 6 cases t reated by chemotherapy. In this group, all multiple primary tumors were treated by radical therapy. The overall 5-year survival rate was 63%. 【Conclusions】 ①The possibility of second primary tumor, such as female reproductive tract tu mor , breast cancer, and colo-rectal carcinoma should be considered in the patients with EC. ②The etiology of EC with multiple primary tumor may be relevant to th e same embryonic histogenesis, estrogen receptor, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND:Previous animal studies have revealed that osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) applied locally or systemically could promote fracture healing. But the disadvantages of short in vivo half-life and low oral bioavailability limit its clinical application.OBJECTIVE: To study the encapsulation and delivery of synthetic OGP (sOGP) from biodegradable polymeric microspheres in vitro so as to choose better carrier for the future study.DESIGN: Grouping observation and comparative trail.SETTING: Laboratory of School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University.MATERIALS: sOGP was synthesized by Xi'an Langene Bio-science Co., Ltd. with Fmoc system. The purity of sOGP after purification was over 98 % identified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, and the molecular weight of sOGP was 1 523 650, which was consistent with the theoretical value (Mr 1 523 750); the result of whole sequence analysis of sOGP was consistent with the theoretical sequence of OGP. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA,50:50, Mr 30 000; 75:25 Mr 80 000) was obtained from Shandong Medical Instrumental Institute (Ji'nan, China)METHODS: PLGA with a 50:50 or 75:25 lactide to glycolide ratio was used for microsphere preparation using a modified double emulsion solvent extraction Water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) technique. The surface structure and appearance of microsphere was observed under scanning electron microscope; particle size distribution of microsphere was counted by laser diffraction particle sizer; efficiency of encapsulation, release time and the structural integrity of sOGP released from PLGA were assessed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).RESULTS: ①Spherical microspheres of sOG-PLGA were formulated successfully. The average particle diameter of the PLGA 50:50 microsphere was (19.6±4.5) μm, efficiency of encapsulation (83.9±4.2)% with (83.9±4.2) % drug-loading efficiency, while the PLGA 75:25 microspheres showed an average size of (35.8±3.6) μm, efficiency of encapsulation (65.6±6.8)% with (65.6±6.8)% drug-loading efficiency. ②HPLC results indicated that sOGP were not chemically altered,physically aggregated but presented a intact structure as the original sOGP. An initial burst release was observed for both PLGA microspheres, especially from PLGA 75:25. sOGP was released from PLGA 50:50 microsphere for 56 days,and from PLGA 75:25 microspheres for over 70 days. The cumulative release of sOGP from PLGA 50:50 for 35 days was significantly lower than from PLGA 75:25 (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The controlled release of sOGP encapsulated within PLGA 50:50 is better than the delivery from PLGA 75:25. Moreover, the release time could meet the requirements for fracture or bone defect site.

In this symposium, we reviewed the principle and development of time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy measurement. Its method of measurement, characteristics and applications in the research of biomacromolecule, configuration and molecular structure have been discussed. Its potential applications are also illustrated.
Fluorescence Polarization ; methods ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mathematics ; Models, Molecular ; Time Factors

This paper reviews recent research and development on microwave sterilization, including the experiments of sterilization effects, the influence of microwave radiating on the media parameters, the development of microwave sterilizers and the study of sterilization mechanism. Many results show that the method of microwave sterilization is more easy-to-perform, economical and reproducible than the conventional autoclaving method. It is necessary to study the sterilization conditions through the experiments for different media and bacteria. The research on sterilization mechanism, especially non-thermal sterilization mechanism is still a hotpoint.
Bacteria ; radiation effects ; Microwaves ; Research ; trends ; Sterilization ; methods

To summarize the clinical experience of Professor WANG Meng-yong in the treatment of uric acid nephropathy. Professor WANG believes that the disease is mainly caused by spleen and kidney deficiency, disorder of function of Sanjiao, and pathological products, such as phlegm dampness and blood stasis and other metabolic disorders. Therefore, the treatment should distinguish symptoms and essence. Starting from pathogenesis and pathological features of spleen and kidney deficiency and phlegm dampness and blood stasis, the treatment should flexibly apply the methods of nourishing spleen and kidney, reducing phlegm and dispelling humidity, and activating blood and using diuretic of hydragogue to alleviate water retention, which can greatly reduce side effects caused by the long-term use of Western medicine and the onset of gout, and then to help disease recovery.

Pingyangmycin gelatin microspheres(PYM-GMS) was prepared by optimal double-phase emulsified condensation polymerization for the interventional Chemoembolization with carotid artery therapy, and its release characteristics were studied in vivo and in vitro. The results of three ways of administration(vein drop, artery perfusion and artery embolization) were compared. The experiment indicates that the diameter of PYM-GMS is more appropriate for the application in external carotid artery embolization with PYM-GMS, which significantly reduces the circulating drug level and the dosage, prolongs the time period of higher drug concentration, achieves the purpose of sustained release and targeted tumor therapy.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Female ; Gelatin ; In Vitro Techniques ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Rabbits

This study sought to shed light on the killing effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) irradiated by gamma ray at a dose of 1 Gy on cultured human gastric tumor cell line MKN-28. The radiation dose rate of 17 Gy/min was used. The groups in the experiment were MKN-28 cell control group, PBMCs control group, MKN-28 tumor cells with irradiated or non-irradiated PBMCs co-cultured groups. Radiation dosage was one Gray, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining was used for observation of the killing effects of PBMCs on tumor cells in different period. Cells were harvested 240 h later and observed by transmission electron microscopy. The result showed the living period of irradiated PBMCs was shorter than that of non-irradiated PBMCs. In the irradiated and non-irradiated groups,a few PBMCs were still alive after being cultured for 240 h, but the cell volume was larger than that of lymphocytes. These cells were identified as monocytes (95%) or DCs (5%) by transmission electron microscopy. The co-culture of irradiated PBMCs and MKN-28 cells showed that tumor cells were eliminated after 96 h. As compared with the non-irradiated goup, the irradiated PBMCs had more potent ability for killing tumor. The results demonstrate that 1 Gy gamma irridiation can improve the killing effect of PBMCs on the tumor cells, and that 1 Gy gamma irritation can also induce shorter living period of lymphocytes in PBMCs cultured in vitro, but such irritation has little effect on the living period of monocytes and DCs in PBMCs.
Cell Survival ; Coculture Techniques ; Gamma Rays ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; immunology ; radiation effects ; Stomach Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured