Objective To observe the effects of the chronic adventitia injury on the vasoconstriction of the rat carotid artery. Methods A non-occlusive silicone collar was positioned around the right carotid artery of rats. Blood flow and vascular reactivity to 5-HT were examined, and both carotids were harvested for morphometry at day 3,7 and 14 after operation. Results In the early stage of advenfitia injury induced by positioning a silicone collar around file rat carotid artery, there appeared the characteristic histological changes of chronic vasospasm in collared artery, such as the reduction of the luminal area for （12.15±2.29）% at day 3 after operation （P =0.003 ） and （45.17±3.84）% at day 7 （P 〈 0.001 ）] ,corrugation of the internal elastic lamina,medial thickening up to [ （23.04±5.96）% at day 3 （P =0.009）, （61.65±10.32）% for day 7 （P 〈 0.001 ）] ,the reduction of the blood flow and the increase of vascular reactivity to 5-HT when compared to con- tralateral arteries. Two weeks after collar placement, the vascular wall remodeling was observed in injured artery, such as the medial thickening for [（31.52±4.56） %,P =0.012] and a diffuse intimal hyperplasia,the reduction of the lunfinal area [（37.17±4.57）% （P 〈 0.001）] and the carotid artery blood flow. The average neointima area was （0.19±0.05） rom2 in collared arteries. The vascular reactivity to 5-HT came back to the normal level. Conclusions Collar-induced advenfitia injury caused the enhancement of vascular contractility and the neointima formation. The change of vascular contractility appeared before the formation of neointima.

Objective To investigate the effect of pidotimod oral liquid on recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) in children.Methods A total of 158 children with RRTI in our hospital were divided into control group and study group according to random number table method,with 76 cases in each group.The two groups were both treated with conventional symptomatic treatment in the acute phase,and the study group was additionally given pidotimod oral liquid.After 6 months of follow-up,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.The changes of imnune function T lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 1 course of treatment,and the adverse reactions in the study group were observed.Results After 6 months of follow-up,the total clinical outcomes of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P ＜0.05).The CDs +,CD4 +,CD3 + and IgM,IgA and IgG in the study group were higher than that in the control group after 1 course of treatment (P ＜ 0.05).There was no obvious adverse reactions in the study group during the medication.Conclusion Pidotimod oral liquid is effective in the treatment of children with RRTI,and it can effectively improve immunity of children and reduce the frequency of respiratory tract,and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the effect of ambrocol combined with montelukast sodium chewable tablets on the treatment of children with bronchiolitis and its influence on the indexes of immunology.Methods A total of 136 children with bronchiolitis were randomly divided into control group (n =68,treated with symptomatic therapy,inhaled corticosteroid and oral ambrocol therapy)and study group (n =68,treated with additional montelukast sodium chewable tablets on the basis of control group).The clinical efficacy,change of immunological indexes before and after treatment,disappearance time of clinical symptoms and signs,and adverse drug reactions were observed and compared between the two groups after one course of treatment.Results After one course of treatment,the total effective rate of study group was 97.06％,which was significantly higher than 86.76％ of control group (P ＜ 0.05).In study group,the levels of IgE,IL-10,IL-4 and ECP were significantly lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference of INF-γ between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).In the study group,the disappearance time of cough,fever disappeared time,disappearance time of asthma and disappeared time of lung dry rales were significantly shorter than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).No significant adverse reactions were observed between the two groups.Conclusion Ambrocol combined with montelukast sodium chewable tablets is effective in the treatment of children with bronchiolitis,which can enhance the clinical efficacy,shorten the course of disease and regulate the immunological indexes.

Objective To investigate the effect of pidotimod oral liquid on recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) in children.Methods A total of 158 children with RRTI in our hospital were divided into control group and study group according to random number table method,with 76 cases in each group.The two groups were both treated with conventional symptomatic treatment in the acute phase,and the study group was additionally given pidotimod oral liquid.After 6 months of follow-up,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.The changes of imnune function T lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 1 course of treatment,and the adverse reactions in the study group were observed.Results After 6 months of follow-up,the total clinical outcomes of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P ＜0.05).The CDs +,CD4 +,CD3 + and IgM,IgA and IgG in the study group were higher than that in the control group after 1 course of treatment (P ＜ 0.05).There was no obvious adverse reactions in the study group during the medication.Conclusion Pidotimod oral liquid is effective in the treatment of children with RRTI,and it can effectively improve immunity of children and reduce the frequency of respiratory tract,and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the effect of ambrocol combined with montelukast sodium chewable tablets on the treatment of children with bronchiolitis and its influence on the indexes of immunology.Methods A total of 136 children with bronchiolitis were randomly divided into control group (n =68,treated with symptomatic therapy,inhaled corticosteroid and oral ambrocol therapy)and study group (n =68,treated with additional montelukast sodium chewable tablets on the basis of control group).The clinical efficacy,change of immunological indexes before and after treatment,disappearance time of clinical symptoms and signs,and adverse drug reactions were observed and compared between the two groups after one course of treatment.Results After one course of treatment,the total effective rate of study group was 97.06％,which was significantly higher than 86.76％ of control group (P ＜ 0.05).In study group,the levels of IgE,IL-10,IL-4 and ECP were significantly lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference of INF-γ between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).In the study group,the disappearance time of cough,fever disappeared time,disappearance time of asthma and disappeared time of lung dry rales were significantly shorter than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).No significant adverse reactions were observed between the two groups.Conclusion Ambrocol combined with montelukast sodium chewable tablets is effective in the treatment of children with bronchiolitis,which can enhance the clinical efficacy,shorten the course of disease and regulate the immunological indexes.