Teachers play a major role in the reform of the teaching mode in the university.The authority of university and department of teaching administration should fully communicate with teachers and show respect for teachers' opinions about the plan of reform.The success of the new teaching mode is dependent mainly on the support of teachers.

The basic and clinical teaching activities are disconnected in traditional teaching mode of medical education,which has a negative influence on medical education quality.Advantages of system-based integrated teaching mode in promoting connection and transition between the basic and clinical medical teaching are discussed in this paper. Some problems in teaching material and administration may arise during the executive process of system-based integrated teaching mode.

The professional spirit glory was reflected in the thought and behavior of the great and famous doctors.They showed fully respect and love to the life.They deeply understood the meaning of the profession of a doctor.They showed us excellent examples of the high professional spirit.Training of medical students' professional spirit and medical ethics relates to the value seeking of the future doctors,and it also relates to the relationship between the doctors and patients.

Aim To study the effect of Semen Cuscutae flavonoids on oxidative damage and apoptosis of rat seminiferous tubule cells. Methods Detecting apoptosis cells was performed by TUNEL methods and oxidative damage index such as MDA, T-AOC and ROS. Results Semen Cuscutae flavonoids could inhibit testis cells oxidative damage and apoptosis, the effect is dose dependent and the most significantly in 500 mg?L -1. Conclusion Semen Cuscutae flavonoids are effective antioxidants, which can inhibit apoptosis and oxidation of testis cells.

As a stressor, trauma can trigger local tissue lesions and reactive stress. And it give rise to a series of neuroendocrinic reactivations dominant with sympathetic activation and increased secretion of pituitary-adrenocortex. Hormone changes during stress have deep effect on nutritional substance metabolism.

Semen Cuscutae is a kidney-essence invigorating Chinese drug which is widely used in the clinic. In this study, the effects of the flavonoids extracted from Semen Cuscutae (FSC) on the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonads axis in animals was investigated. The results showed that FSC can increase the weight of uterus and promoted the cornification of vaginal epithelial cells in bilateral ovariectomized mice, which suggested that FSC may have estrogen-like activity. In normal female rats, it increased the weight of pituitary, ovary and uterus, but did not increase plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) level. The binding capacity of ovary to 125 I-HCG/LH receptor was significantly elevated the reactivity of luteinizing-releasing hormone (LRH) was increased, and the LRH-induced LH secretion was enhanced in ovariectomized rats. In immature male mice, FSC increased the weight of epididymis and testis, and stimulated HCG-induced secretion of testosterone in short-term cultured rat Leydig cells. It is suggested that FSC can improve the functions of reproductive and endocrine system.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the development of researches on sildenafil for treating cardiovascular patients with erectile dysfunction, so as to explore the safety of applying sildenafil and efficacy of treating related cardiovascular diseases.DATA SOURCES: The relevant articles to sildenafil between October 1999 and February 2006 were computer-searched in PubMed databasewith the key words of "sildenafil, erectile dysfunction, sexuality, cardiovascular disease" in English. Meanwhile, Medscape database was scanned with computer to identify relevant articles with key words of "sildenafil, cardiovascular disease". STUDY SELECTION: After the primary searching, literatures on relationship between sildenafil and cardiovascular disease were searched in full-text, while articles about erectile dysfunction but had nothing to do with cardiovascular disease were excluded. The repetitive experimental studies were also deleted. DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 55 articles were collected, and 22 of them were in accordance with the inclusion criteria and their full-texts were carefully looked through. DATA SYNTHESIS: The selected data were classified according to the relationship between erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease, effect of sildenafil on erectile dysfunction of patients with heart disease and rec ommendation of the Princeton conference. CONCLUSION: It is demonstrated in many literatures that the potential risk of sildenafil triggering cardiovascular disease is relatively small. Cardiac patients need not promote huge concerns when resorting to sildenafil for erectile dysfunction treatment. However, the protective cardiac effects of sildenafil should be further investigated.

Objectives:To evaluate the correlation of preoperative albumin level(PAL) and surgical prognostic risk for digestive tract diseases. Methods:This is a retrospective study of 1009 surgical patients who were undergoing elective esophageal,gastric,pancreaticoduodenal,or colon surgery between January 1998 and December 2003.Patients were subdivided into 7 groups based on the first PAL by different 5 g/L in hospital,whose incidence of complications,mortality,postoperative stay,intensive care unit(ICU) stay,and resumption of oral intake were statistically analyzed. Results:Incidence of complications and mortality increased significantly as PAL decreased(P35 g/L.Patients with PAL≤35 g/L undergoing esophageal or pancreatic procedures sustained a significantly higher complication rate and mortality than those of colonic or gastric surgery.The delay of postoperative stay,ICU stay,and resumption of oral intake were related to these complication rates.Esophageal and pancreatic procedures had the longest stay days and colon procedures had the shortest in patients with PAL≤35 g/L. Conclusions:Esophageal or pancreatic procedures performed in patients with PAL≤35 g/L who could have had surgery result in higher risk than colon or gastric surgery.PAL and surgical site identify surgical risk for digestive tract diseases.

Objective To study the effect of growth hormone (GH) combined with parenteral nutrition on skeletal muscle proteolysis for surgical critical patients. Methods Twenty surgical patients with APACHE II scores from 10 to 20 were divided randomly into two groups: parenteral nutrition group (PN group,n = 10) ; PN + GH ( GH group,n = 10). At the 5th day and 8th day during the study, urinary output of 3-methylhistidine ( 3-MH ) in 24 h urine were assessed with high performance liquid chromatography; at the 8th day the protein expressions of ubiquitin in quadriceps femoris muscle were determined by immunohistochemistry and the expressions of ubiquitin and C2 mRNA were determined by Northern blot analysis, the ultrastructure of quadriceps femoris muscle was observed under electronic microscope. All data were collected down in the form as mean ? standard deviation and analyzed with SPSS 11.5 for Windows. Results The urine level of 3-MH and the protein, mRNA and C2 mRNA expression of ubiquitin in quadriceps femoris muscle decreased in GH group as compared with PN group ( t = 4. 886, 6. 846,7. 314,5. 588,P

Objective To investigate the effect of enteral and parenteral nutrition on gut microecology in rats with abdominal infection. Methods Fourteen Sprague-Dawley (SD) model rats of abdominal infection, which had survived for more than 6 days were divided into two groups: PN group ( n =7) and PN+EN group ( n =7) via jejunostomy and jugular vein respectively for another 5 days. The nutrition support in the two groups was isonitrogen and isocaloric. At sacrifice on the sixth day, occludin and IgA level in plasma cells of intestine epithelium of the gut were measured by immunohistochemistry. Vena cava blood and homogenated tissue of liver, lung and mesenteric lymph nodes were cultured to determine bacterial translocations, and portal vein blood was tested for endotoxin. Results The expression of occludin and IgA in the small and large intestine in PN+EN group were stronger than PN group ( P