Objective To study the clinical value of the combination detection of serum tumor markers alpha fetal protein hetero-geneity-L3(AFP-L3) ,Golgi protein 73(GP73) and phosphatidylinositol proteoglycan-3(GPC-3) in the diagnosis of primary hepatic cancer .Methods The serum AFP-L3 ,GP73 and GPC-3 levels were measured in 34 patients with primary hepatic cancer (PHC) ,20 patients with liver cirrhosis ,20 patients with chronic hepatitis B ,37 patients with other tumors by the enzyme linked immunosor-bent assay(ELISA) .Meanwhile ,20 individuals with healthy physical examination were selected as the control group .The expression situation of various indexes were compared and analyzed .Results The expression levels of AFP-L3 ,GP73 and GPC-3 in the PHC group were significantly higher than those in the control group and the other tumors groups ,difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of PHC in the single item detection of 3 markers were 0 .909 ,0 .832 and 0 .817 respectively .The areas of the ROC curve in the combination examinations of two items were 0 .935 , 0 .945 and 0 .912 respectively .The area of the ROC curve in the 3-item combined detection of PHC could be up to 0 .960 .Conclusion The combined detection of AFP-L3 ,GP73 and GPC-3 can increase the detective rate of PHC and has important clinical significance to early diagnosis of PHC .

Objective To investigate the episodic memory monitoring ability in patients with Parkinson' s disease (PD) and explore the mechanism of the episodic memory impairment.Method The feeling-of-knowing (FOK) paradigm were established and subsequently administered in 25 PD patients and 25 healthy control (HC) participants who were matched in age and educational level.Results Compared with healthy control group ( FOK-EM recall 39.67％ ±6.11％ ; recognition 58.42％ ±7.50％ ; FOK accuracy 0.61 ±0.22),the episodic memory and its monitoring ability in PD patients were significantly impaired on the accuracy rate of FOK-EM recall ( 19.33％ ±5.10％,t =-4.833,P ＜0.01 ),recognition (45.93％ ±7.82％,t =-2.497,P ＜0.05) and FOK accuracy( -0.18 ±0.46,t =-5.986,P ＜0.01).Furthermore,the correct judgment and correct recognition of FOK-EM ( 20.47％ ± 10.78％ ) and the correct judgment and false recognition of FOK-EM (29.53％ ±5.62％ ) in the PD group were significantly higher than the HC group ( the correct judgment and correct recognition of FOK-EM:39.47％ ± 9.47％ and the correct judgment and false recognition of FOK-EM:13.90％ ±5.50％ ; t =3.564,P ＜0.05 ; t =2.306,P ＜0.05).Most importantly,the stroop effect was positively correlated with the correct judgment and false recognition of FOK-EM in PD group ( r =0.640,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions In the present study,the PD patients demonstrated an overestimation of their recognition ability of episodic memory,moreover,this impairment of memory monitoring was positively correlated with the deficit of executive function,indicating that this mechanism could be an influential factor of memory disorder in PD.

Objective To study the roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in the progress of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis(IPA) in experimental mice.Methods The mice were divided into three groups including the group of normal mice,the group of normal mice infected with A.fumigatus and the group of IPA mice.The mice were sacrificed at four time points(8 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h) after infection.The lung tissues from each group were collected for pathological analysis and RT-PcR for detecting the expression level of,TLR2,TLR4 and β-tublin.The ratio of density value of band of each PCR product on electrophoresis to the density value of β-tublin was used to evaluate the expression level of each gene like TLR2.TLR4 and TNF-α.Re-suits The pathological analysis showed the normal structure and no inflananatory reaction in the lungs in the group of normal mice.The infiltration of inflammatory cells,weak injuries and no germination of spore into hypha in the lungs of normal mice infected with A.fumigatus,and serious injuries like destruction of alveolar structure,bleeding,infiltration of inflammatory cells and germination of spore into hypha in the lungs of IPA mice.The expression level of TLR4 at 8 h,24 h,48 h and TNF-α at 24 h and 48 h were lower in IPA mice than that in healthy mice with infection(P<0.05).Conclusion There was low expression of TLR4 and TNF-α in IPA mice lung tissues.Typical pathological injuries in the lungs and germination of spore into hy-pha in IPA mice were observed by the microscope.

Objective To systematically evaluate the influence of acupuncture-moxibustion on the peroneal nerve conduction velocity in type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and to provide clinical references for acupuncture-moxibustion treatment for DPN.Method By searching the CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, Pubmed, Springer and Medline databases, randomized controlled trials (RCT) of acupuncture-moxibustion for the type 2 DPN published from January 2000 to January 2014 were retrieved and the relevant data of the peroneal nerve conduction velocity were collected for methodological evaluation. RevMan 5.1 software was adopted to conduct the meta-analysis.Result Totally 10 RCTs were recruited with 685 cases involved, including 355 cases in the treatment group and 330 cases in the control group. The meta-analysis results indicated that acupuncture-moxibustion can produce a better effect in improving the motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) of peroneal nerve in type 2 DPN than the treatments used in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant between the two groups [MD=3.55, 95%CI (0.79, 6.31); MD=4.10, 95%CI (0.22, 7.99)].Conclusion Acupuncture-moxibustion can improve the peroneal nerve conduction velocity in type 2 DPN, and thus is worth application in clinic. Due to the limitation of the included studies, such as small sample size and low quality of the articles and high probability of bias, RCTs of large sample size and high quality are required to confirm the above conclusions.

ObjectiveTo investigate the event-based prospective memory (EBPM) and time-based prospective memory (TBPM) in patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD). MethodsTwenty patients with AD, 20 adults with amnesia mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 30 healthy adults with matched age and education level were assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests including EBPM and TBPM tasks.ResultsCompared with healthy elders and patients with aMCI on performance of PM (2. 23 + 0. 77,4.83 ±1.09;1.00±1.03,3. 10 ± 1.52) and episodic memory(0. 70 ±0. 12,0.66 +0. 16;0.45 ±0.07,0.54±0. 10), AD patients were all impaired in PM and episodic memory(0.20 +0.41,2.05 ± 1.43;0.33±0. 12,0.32±0. 10), and were impaired in EBPM more significantly (t=-2.792, P＜0.01;t =-10. 761 ,P ＜0. 01 ). ConclusionsThese results suggest that AD patients show deficits of PM, but their EBPM is impaired more significantly. EBPM impairment may be an early diagnostic of AD.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein heterogeneity 3 (AFP-L3),golgin 73 (GP73) and glypican 3 (GPC-3) in primary hepatic cancer by ROC curve.Methods The AFP-L3,GP73,GPC-3 levels in serum were detected in 34 patients of primary hepatic cancer by enzyme immunoassay.Meanwhile,same terms from 20 healthy volunteers were detected as normal group.The area under curve was made by SPSS 17.0.Each laboratory indicator levels were compared and analyzed.Results The AFP-L3,GP73,GPC-3 levels in primary hepatic cancer group were significantly higher than those in normal control [(1890.13±506.47) ng/L vs (623.40±317.89) ng/L,(219.53±136.33) ng/ml vs (56.40± 25.63) ng/ml,(14.28±7.15) μg/L vs (7.33±3.71) μg/L,P ＜ 0.01].The areas under the concentration-time curve of receiver operating characteristic of single tumor marker were 0.909,0.832,0.817,the areas of AFP-L3+ GP73,AFP-L3+GPC-3,GP73+GPC-3 were 0.935,0.945,0.912,the area of combined detection of primaryhepatic cancer was 0.96.Conclusion AFP-L3 combines with GP73 and GPC-3 can increase the positive rate in patients with primary hepatic cancer and has important clinical significance.

An automated analytical method for simultaneous determination of vitamin A and E in livers, fortified infant formulae and eggs has been developed based on on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with a dual gradient high performance liquid chromatography system with column-switching. Firstly, food samples were centrifuged after saponified in mixture solution of anhydrous alcohol, potassium hydroxide and ascorbic acid at 80 ℃ for 30 min. Secondly, the saponified sample was loaded and washed on the first dimension extraction column using methanol-water (60∶40, V/V). Afterwards, the targeted analytes were trapped and enriched on the SPE column. Finally, the trapped analytes were transferred to the second dimension analysis column by valve-switching technique for the following separation and determination. Several key factors such as the type of SPE columns, elution buffer as well as pH of washing solution were optimized. The results showed that the calibration curves of vitamin A and E were linear in the range of 0 . 02-20 mg/L with correlation coefficient (R2) more than 0. 9998. In addition, the limits of detection (S/N=3) were found in the range of 3. 0-30. 0 μg/L. The spiked recoveries of the vitamin A and E from livers, eggs and fortified infant formulae ranged from 87 . 3% to 115 . 0% with the relative standard deviations ( RSDs ) of 1 . 8% -4 . 6%. The developed method is simple, sensitive and rapid to determine vitamins A and E in animal derived food.

Objective To explore the teaching effects of physiology lectures and students' attitude to lectures,their suggestions for contents,forms and other aspects of lectures.Methods Random sampling questionnaire survey was conducted among 500 students of 2008 grade and 2009 grade in Xiangya medical school of central south university.The percentage of the option in the questionnaire was calculated and the findings were directly described.Results All students thought that physiology lectures were necessary.Teachers should arrange lectures which students were interested in,pay attention to inspire thinking and enhance teacher-student interaction.67.6％ of students thought that the knowledge learned from lectures can be used in expanding scientific thinking.Conclusions The lectures are popular among most students,playing an important role in cultivating students' ability of strict scientific thinking.

Objective To evaluate the value of the thumper cardiopulmonary resuscitator in the emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).Methods Fifty cardiac mspiratory sudden stop patients with thumper cardiopulmonary resuscitator from January 2004 to December 2007 were recruited into treatment group,and 80 cardiac respiratory sudden stop patients with barehanded CPR from May 2000 to December 2003 were recruited into control group.The SBP and blood oxygen saturation 5 to 10 minutes after the resuscitation was compared.The rate of restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC),hospitalization and the complication in the two groups was compared.Results The treatment group was better than the control group in improving the SBP and blood oxygen saturation(P＜0.05).The rates of ROSC and hospitalization in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group(44%,40%and 25%,21%).P＜0.05.The rate of complications had no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions Thumper cardiopulmonary resuscitator Can surmount the factors of medical staff or patients.It can make the CPR more standard andmore effective.MeanwhileitCan raisethe SBP,strokevolume and blood supplv to the heart and brain,and then mcrease the successful rate of CPR.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of memory impairment in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods Thirty-five patients with aMCI and 35 healthy adults matched with age and education level were administered with a neuropsychological battery of tests including conception and perception implicit priming tasks (category exemplar, picture identification), as well as explicit memory tasks (immediate recall, delay recall, delay recognition ). Results Compared with healthy elders, patients with aMCI were impaired in the conception implicit priming task(t=-4.33, P<0.01), as well as in explicit memory (immediate recall, t=6.40, P<0.01;delay recall, t=9.29,P<0.01; delay recognition, t=7.65,P<0.01),but not in perception implicit priming task (t=-0.78, P＞0.05).The conception implicit priming is positively correlated with verbal fluency (r=0.74,P<0.01). Conclusions The present results indicate that patients with aMCI are impaired in both explicit memory and conception implicit priming. The conception implicit priming impairment in aMCI may be related to their frontal lobe dysfunction.