Objective To investigate the features of gallbladder carcinoma in two-phase spiral CT, and to analysis the values of two-phase spiral CT for the differential diagnosis between gallbladder carcinoma and chronic cholecystitis. Methods The two-phase spiral CT manifestations of 30 cases of gallbladder carcinoma, proved by surgery and pathology, and 30 cases of chronic cholecystitis were analyzed. Results According to the CT findings, the gallbladder carcinoma was categorized into 3 types: intraluminal mass of gallbladder in 6 out of 30 (20.0%), thickening of the gallbladder wall in 11 (33.7%), and mass replacing the normal gallbladder in 13(43.4%). The most common enhancement patterns of the wall in gallbladder carcinoma were hyperattenuation during the arterial phase, while isoattenuation with the adjacent hepatic parenchyma during the venous phase; or hyperattenuation during both phases. The most common enhancement pattern of the wall in chronic cholecystitis was isoattenuation during both phases, with clear hypoattenuation linear shadow in the gallbladder fossa. Other ancillary features of gallbladder carcinomas included: infiltration of the adjacent parenchyma, local lymphadenopathy and intrahepatic metastasis. Conclusion Two-phase spiral CT scan can identify the features of the gallbladder carcinoma and is helpful for the differential diagnosis of these two different disease entities.

Objective To study the spiral CT features of gastrointestinal invasion by carcinoma of gallbladder. Methods Eight patients with surgical-pathologically documented gastrointestinal invasion by carcinoma of gallbladder were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent plain and contrast-enhanced dual-phase scanning of the abdomen. Oral contrast medium (1.2% Angiografin) was used to fill the gastrointestinal tract before CT scanning. Results There were 2 cases of gastric antrum invasion, 6 duodenal invasion and 3 colonic invasion according to the surgical and pathological findings. Spiral CT correctly diagnosed 2 gastric invasion and 4 duodenal invasion based on several imaging features, like blurring of fat plane, focal wall thickening and luminal narrowing of involved gastrointestinal segments, and mass formation. However CT was unable to diagnose the 3 cases of hepatic flexure of colon invasion. Conclusion CT is valuable for diagnosing upper gastrointestinal tract invasion by carcinoma of gallbladder, yet the diagnosis of hepatic flexure of colon invasion is still difficult.

Objective To investigate the application of using urine ACR at different time points instead of 24-hour urinary albumin (24 h UA) for screening of early renal injury in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods The 24-h urine samples at different time pointsfrom 89 hospitalized patients were collected. The correlations of the ACR of urine samples at different time points were compared with the 24-h UA. When the 24-h UA was taken as the standard,the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of urine ACR at different time points were established and analized. Results No significant differences in urine ACR between the morning urine group [ACR 9.02 (5.69~ 11.64)mg/mmol] and the random urine group [ACR 8.65 (5.80 ~ 11.83) mg/mmol] (P > 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between the morning urine ACR and the random urine ACR (r = 0.951,P < 0.01), however, the ACR of the morning and the random urine group were all positively correlated with the 24-h UA (r=0.886, 0.859, P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the sensitivities and the specificities between the morning and the random urine specimens in screening for albuminuria (92.6%vs 90.1%, and 87.5%vs 87.5%, respectively). When the 24-h UA was taken as the standard,the area under the ROC curves of the ACR in the random urine specimens and the morning urine specimens were 0.954 ± 0.022 and 0.960 ± 0.021 , respectively. There were no statistical differences between these two groups. Conclusions The morning urine and the random urine ACR , instead of the 24-h UA , could be used for both the early screening and monitoring of the renal injury , and the random urine ACR detection is simple ,convenient and accurate for patients.

This study was conducted in pursuit of the optimal imaging technique and for a primary clinical application of 16-slice multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) for coronary artery. Unenhanced and contrast-enhanced 16-slice SCT imaging was performed in 38 cases with retrospective electrocardiographic gating. MPR, MIP and VRT reconstruction of enhanced scan images were made in all cases, and CPR, VE reconstruction images were made in some cases. The demonstration of coronary artery was evaluated. The influencing factors of the image quality were analyzed. The results showed that the detection rates of RCA, PDA, LMA, LAD, DB, LCX and LMB were 36 (94.7%), 34 (89.5%), 37 (97.4%), 36 (94.7%), 34 (94.4%), 36 (94.7%), 34 (89.5%) on axial images, respectively, which were higher than those of the arteries on 3D images (P < 0.01). Therefore, 16-slice spiral CT is a reliable and accurate technique to demonstrate coronary artery and its branches, and is a noninvasive method to screen, diagnose and postoperatively evaluate coronary artery diseases. The factors influencing the image quality include the heart rate, the cardiac rhythm, the respiratory movement of patients and the trigger delays of imaging processing.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Angiography ; methods ; Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

Objective:To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0008898 on the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor formation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods:Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of hsa_circ_0008898, miR-197-5p and ras homolog gene family member A (RHOA) in OSCC tissues, adjacent tissues, OSCC cells and human normal oral keratinocytes (NOK). CAL27 and SCC-25 cells were transfected with si-hsa_circ_0008898#1 (knockdown group 1), si-hsa_circ_0008898#2 (knockdown group 2), hsa_circ_0008898 (circ overexpression group) and blank plasmid (circ blank group), respectively. Then miR-197-5p inhibitor (inhibition group) and blank plasmid (inhibition control group) were transfected into hsa_circ_0008898 knockdown cells (knockdown group 1). CAL27 and SCC-25 cells were transfected with miR-197-5p mimics (miR overexpression group) and blank plasmid (miR blank group), and then transfected hsa_circ_0008898 vector (co-transfection group 1), RHOA vector (co-transfection group 2) and blank plasmid (co-transfection control group) in cells overexpressing miR-197-5p. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), colony formation, Transwell and scratch test were used to detect cell proliferation, cloning ability, cell cycle distribution, cell invasion and migration ability. Ten nude mice were equally divided into two groups, with 5 mice in each group. SCC-25 cells transfected with blank plasmid (control group) and SCC-25 cells transfected with sh-hsa_circ_0008898 (knockout group) were subcutaneously injected into the armpit. The volume and mass of the tumor were measured.Results:The expressions of hsa_circ_0008898 (2.89±0.72) and RHOA (2.62±0.21) in OSCC tissues were significantly higher than those in para-carcinoma tissues (1.00±0.48, 1.00±0.11, respectively), while the expression of miR-197-5p in OSCC tissues （0.46±0.24） was significantly lower than that in para-carcinoma tissues (1.00±0.42) ( P<0.05). Compared with NOK, the expression of hsa_circ_0008898 and RHOA in CAL27 and SCC-25 cells increased significantly, while the expression of miR-197-5p decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with circ blank group, the cell viability, colony formation, scratch healing rate and invasive cell number of CAL27 and SCC-25 cells in knockdown group 1 and group 2 were significantly decreased, while the proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with inhibition control group, the cell viability, colony formation, scratch healing rate and invasive cell number of CAL27 and SCC-25 in inhibition group were significantly increased, while the proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly decreased in inhibition group ( P<0.05). Compared with miR blank group, the cell viability, colony formation, scratch healing rate and invasive cell number of CAL27 and SCC-25 in miR overexpression group were significantly decreased, while the proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly increased in miR overexpression group ( P<0.05). Compared with co-transfection control group, the cell viability, colony formation, migration area and invasive cell number of CAL27 and SCC-25 in co-transfection group2 were significantly increased, while the proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly decreased in co-transfection group 2 ( P<0.05). The volume and mass of transplanted tumor in knockout group ［(660.4±67.8) mm 3and (0.60±0.06) g, respectively］ were significantly lower than those in control group ［(1 210.4±198.9) mm 3 and (1.00±0.12) g, respectively］. Conclusions:Knockdown of hsa_circ_0008898 inhibited OSCC cells proliferation, cloning, migration and invasion and induced cell cycle arrest in vitro by regulating the miR-197-5p/RHOA. Additionally, Knockdown of hsa_circ_0008898 also inhibited tumor formation of OSCC cells in vivo.

In mitochondria,peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARs) and PPARγ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) work together to regulate the energy metabolism.Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy is a disease characterized by myocardial damage and abnormal energy metabolic that results from abnormalities in mitochondria quantity,structure and function in cardiac myocytes.However,there is inadequate knowledge on the pathogenesis of mitochondrial cardiomyopathy.In this paper,we summarize the roles played by PPARs and PGC-1α in mitochondrial cardiomyopathy.We expect this paper will provide some new clues for further studies of mitochondrial cardiomyopathy.