Objective To observe the effect of neuromuscular electric stimulation (NMES) on post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). Methods Two hundred patients with swallowing dysfunction after stroke were randomly divided into a control group with 67 cases and a study group with 133 cases. All patients received pharmacotherapy and swal-lowing training. The study group also received NMES. The study group was sub-divided into unilateral and bilateral cortical stroke sub-groups, an ischemic stroke sub-group and a hemorrhagic stroke sub-group. The swallowing levels of the groups were compared after 2 courses of treatment with NMES. Results After an average of 20 days of NMES treatment, the level of dysphagia and its severity improved significantly. The patients with dysphagia due to unilateral stroke improved, on average, more than those with bilateral stroke. Patients with dysphagia due to ischemic stroke improved more than those with hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusions NMES therapy combined with rehabilitation train-ing can significantly improve swallowing in patients with PSD.

Objective] To sum up director doctor He Ruoping’s by stages treatment experience in treating bladder cancer. [Method]By learning from director doctor He Ruoping for many years and combining my own clinical experience, from the etiology and pathogenesis, therapeutic principle of TCM syndrome differentiation treatment characteristics, etc, it sums up the teacher He ’s unique feature of by stages treatment of bladder cancer, and with 1 case for detailed explanation. [Result]Teacher He advocating the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine, puts forward the principle of by stages treatment to bladder cancer:treatment of postoperative perfusion stage, treatment of following up stage without perfusion and treatment of palliative transfer stage, and makes prescriptions in line with the characteristics of each stage. [Conclusion] Teacher He ’s by stages treatment to bladder cancer obtains the good curative effect, having enlightenment meaning to clinical practice, with promotion value.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the market demand for residence drug allocation and dispatch in Kunming. METHODS:A questionnaire was carried out about the residence drug allocation and dispatch market in plan.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The target market of residence drug allocation and dispatch is initially established,and the market holds the promising future in Kunming.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors and prevention measures of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection. Methods Thirty-nine cases whose CRKP isolation and culture were positive and who were confirmed with nosocomial infection in 2nd affiliated hospital medical school of Zhcjiang University between July 2006 and July 2008 were retrospectively investigated. Results There were 22 (56.4%) sputum specimens among CRKP samples. The average age of the patients was 64.0 years old and the average length of staying in hospital was 80.8 days. There wcre 36 patients who had been in intensive care unit (ICU) within 2 weeks and 26 were conscious disturbance,38 received urethral catheterization, 34 inserted with central venous catheter, 32 received tracheal intubation and 30 assisted with mechanical ventilation. There were 27 (69. 2 % ) patients who were co-infected with other bacteria and 8 were co-infccted with fungi. The mortality was 46. 2% in patients with CRKP infection. Before CRKP-positive culture, 27 (69.2%)experienced ＞4 kinds of antibiotics with the majority of β-lactams/β-lactamase inhibitors and carbapenems.Conclusions CRKP infection frequently occurrs in elder and patients who prolonged stay in hospital,especially patients in ICU. Invasive procedures could increase the infection opportunities.

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that nanosilver-containing biomaterials produce bad biological effects after they directly contact with or are implanted into human body.OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether nanosilver yields potential adverse biological effects on human body and to evaluate its bioiogical safety.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An animal experiment observation was performed at the Medical Device Center of National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products from June 2005 to August 2006.MATERIALS: Nanosilver particles and microsilver particles were purchased from Sigma Company, USA.METHODS: Thirty rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 5 male and 5 female rats per group: nanosilver, microsilver, and blank control. Nanosilver and microsilver particles were respectively and subcutaneously implanted for subchronic toxicity test.The nanosilver and microsilver groups were given 0.33 g/kg nanosilver and microsilver, respectively. Rats from the blank control group received identical procedure, with the exception of drug application. Four rats were selected from each group for determination of silver content in serum and some organs by plasma mass spectrometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: serum biochemical indices, organ coefficient, and silver content.RESULTS: There was significant difference in individual organ coefficient between each drug application group and blank control group. But no significant difference in absolute mass was found between each drug application and the blank control group.These findings suggested no clinical significance of organ coefficient. Other organ coefficients were in the normal range, and there was no significant difference between each drug application group and the blank control group. Patho-histological changes related to toxicity were not found. Rats from the nanosilver group did not show toxic reaction.CONCLUSION: Nanosilver produces potential adverse biological effects after implanted into human body.

Objective To explore the mucosal healing quality of hydrotalcite combined with esomeprazole in gastric ulcer.Methods Forty-two patients visiting from June 2014 to December 2015 and diagnosed with gastric ulcer were selected and divided into combination therapy group and single therapy group with 21 patients in each group.The patients of combination therapy group received esomeprazole combined with hydrotalcite,and the patients of single therapy group received esomeprazole alone.The total therapeutic course was eight weeks.At the same period,21 health check-up participants were enrolled as normal control group.The healing of gastric ulcer was observed under white light endoscopy.The morphological changes of gastric pits and microvessel of mucosal at peripheral mucosa around ulcer and normal gastric mucosal were observed under narrow band imaging magnifying endoscopy.The gastric mucosa tissues of the two groups before and after treatment,and normal gastric mucosa of healthy control group were taken.The amount of deposition and composition of collagen fibers,the expression level of factor Ⅷ,the level of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and the content of hydroxyproline were analyzed by Masson,immunofluorescent and immunohistochemistry staining as well as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Chi square test,one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),least significant difference (LSD) method,Dunnett's T3 and Kruskal-Wallis test and other method were used for comparison.Results After treatment,18 patients of combination therapy group (21 patients) had regular microvessel nets (85.7％),which was significantly more than those of single therapy group (12 cases,57.1％) and healthy control group (10 cases,47.6 ％),and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =4.200,P=0.040).In the comparison of maturity of regenerative mucosa between combination therapy group and single therapy group after treatment,the ration between collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅱ,deposition of collagen fibers,the number of factor Ⅷ positive cells,the level of TGF-beta1 and the content of hydroxyproline were 36.05 and 23.14;269 375.63.± 171 608.63 and 137 693.14±98 330.93;34.91±8.40 and 28.24±6.93;104 498.71±40 487.96 and 70 757.11±19 323.95;(1 897.80±879.35) and (1 230.57±536.05) μg/L,respectively;while in healthy control group,the above parameters were 36.81,245 696.90 ± 224 687.00,23.10 ± 8.40,94 048.04 ±41 306.55 and 1 681.20 ± 423.61 μg/L,and the differences were statitically significant among these three groups (H=7.375,F=3.465,11.680,5.190,5.160;all P＜0.05).Those parameters of combination therapy group were significantly higher than those of single therapy group (H=2.416,LSD method;all P＜0.05).Conclusion Hydrotalcite combined with esomeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer could significantly improve microvessel morphology,maturity degree of regenerative mucosal structure and function,and the mucosal healing quality was also superior to single esomeprazole group.

Objective To investigate factors impacting on local recurrence in cases of primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS) after complete enbloc resection.Methods The clinical data of 47 cases of primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma were retrospectively analyzed.Results 3-year local recurrence rate was 62％.Single and multiple regression analysis showed preoperative needle biopsy,histological subtype,tumor size and capsular invasion were all risk factors related to postoperative local recurrence in primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma undergoing complete resection (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Preoperative aspiration biopsy,tumor poor differentiation,large tumor size tumor extracapsular spread all lead to high local recurrence rate after complete resection of primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of VTQ value of spleen in noninvasive assessment of staging of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis B.Methods VTQ values of spleen were measured in 56 patients with hepatitis B by using ARFI technique and liver biopsy was performed.The patients were then grouped according to the stages of liver fibrosis stage.The results were analyzed by the intergroup comparison,Pearson Correlation analysis,and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve).Results There was positive association of the VTQ value with the stages of liver fibrosis,whose correlation coefficient was 0.83 (P ＜ 0.05);There was no significant difference between the spleen VTQ value and the liver fibrosis S1 and SO (P ＞ 0.05),whereas there were significant differences among other groups (P ＜ 0.05).The area under the ROC curve was 0.95,the cut-off value was 2.79m/s,and the specificity and sensitivity were 81.8％ and 91.7％ respectively.Conclusions The VTQ value measured by ARFI technique has a better value in noninvasive diagnosis of stages of hepatitis B liver fibrosis.

BACKGROUND:Numerous experimental and clinical observations have shown new attachment formation in the periodontium by guided tissue regeneration. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of guided tissue regeneration combined with bone grafting for the treatment of root furcation defects. METHODS:A computer-based online search combined with manual retrieval was conducted up to 2015 to screen the relevant English and Chinese literatures addressing guided tissue regeneration, bone grafting, and root furcation defects. Vertical and horizontal probing depth and attachment loss were analyzed. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata/SE version 12.0 software by extracting data from the relevant articles. Moreover, the publication bias was tested. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The meta-analysis results showed that at 6 months after treatment, the alterations in vertical probing depth and periodontal attachment were significantly increased after guided tissue regeneration compared with open-flap debridement (P<0.000 01);the alterations and increment in the periodontal attachment were significantly increased after combined treatment of guided tissue regeneration and bone grafting compared with open-flap debridement (P<0.000 01);the reduction in the vertical and horizontal probing depth and the increment in periodontal attachment were significantly increased after combined treatment of guided tissue regeneration and bone grafting compared with guided tissue regeneration (P<0.000 01 or P=0.01). At 12 months after treatment, the reduction in vertical probing depth and the increment in attachment loss were significantly increased after combined treatment of guided tissue regeneration and bone grafting compared with guided tissue regeneration (P<0.000 01). These results indicate that the guided tissue regeneration combined with bone grafting in the treatment of root furcation defects is superior to guided tissue regeneration or open-flap debridement. In addition, in the latter two therapies, guided tissue regeneration shows a better therapeutic effect. However, the therapeutic effects of various types of regenerated membranes and bone grafts need further in-depth study to define the optimal treatment strategy.

Objective To investigate CT image features of pleomorphic adenoma and adenolymphoma,and to improve the diagno-sis accuracy.Methods CT data of 1 3 cases of pleomorphic adenomas and 9 cases of adenolymphomas confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed and compared.Results All 1 3 cases of pleomorphic adeonoma were solitary lesions,in which 1 1 cases were located in the non posterior inferior quadrant,and 1 1 cases showed persistent or delayed enhancement,with “slowly forward and slowly quit”enhancement performance.In all of the 9 cases of adenolymphoma,3 cases were multiple lesions.In total of 1 3 lesions, 9 lesions were located in the posterior inferior quadrant,and 9 lesions were significantly enhanced in the arterial phase and enhance-ment was decreased in the delayed phase,which showed “quickly forward and quickly quit”.Conclusion CT image features of pleo-morphic adenoma and adenolymphoma are different.Most of lesions can be diagnosed correctly before surgery by using image fea-tures with clinical information.