Objective To study the roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in the progress of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis(IPA) in experimental mice.Methods The mice were divided into three groups including the group of normal mice,the group of normal mice infected with A.fumigatus and the group of IPA mice.The mice were sacrificed at four time points(8 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h) after infection.The lung tissues from each group were collected for pathological analysis and RT-PcR for detecting the expression level of,TLR2,TLR4 and β-tublin.The ratio of density value of band of each PCR product on electrophoresis to the density value of β-tublin was used to evaluate the expression level of each gene like TLR2.TLR4 and TNF-α.Re-suits The pathological analysis showed the normal structure and no inflananatory reaction in the lungs in the group of normal mice.The infiltration of inflammatory cells,weak injuries and no germination of spore into hypha in the lungs of normal mice infected with A.fumigatus,and serious injuries like destruction of alveolar structure,bleeding,infiltration of inflammatory cells and germination of spore into hypha in the lungs of IPA mice.The expression level of TLR4 at 8 h,24 h,48 h and TNF-α at 24 h and 48 h were lower in IPA mice than that in healthy mice with infection(P<0.05).Conclusion There was low expression of TLR4 and TNF-α in IPA mice lung tissues.Typical pathological injuries in the lungs and germination of spore into hy-pha in IPA mice were observed by the microscope.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of mineral dust-induced gene(MDIG) in malignant pleural effusions (MPE) and tuberculosis pleural effusions (TBPE).Methods Fifty-four patients with MPE (MPE group) and 50 patients with TBPE (TBPE group) were collected.The MDIG protein was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the relative quantification of MDIG mRNA was measured by real-time quantitation polymerase chain reaction.The cutoff value,sensitivity and specificity of the MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA to diagnose the MPE were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.By Spearman correlation analysis,the correlation of MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA was evaluated.Results The MDIG protein in MPE group was significantly higher than that in TBPE group [(304.38 ± 228.47) ng/L vs.(44.43 ± 40.57) ng/L],and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.01).The MDIG mRNA in MPE group was significantly higher than that in TBPE group (6.27 ± 3.54 vs.1.82 ± 0.64),and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.01).With a cutoff point of 114.23 ng/L,MDIG protein had a sensitivity of 77.8％ and a specificity of 94.0％ for differential diagnosis.With a cutoff point of 2.75,MDIG mRNA had a sensitivity of 88.9％ and a specificity of 92.0％ for differential diagnosis.There was a positive correction between MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA (r =0.915,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA are highly expressed in MPE with a good sensitivity and specificity.MDIG protein and MDIG mRNA maybe a good clinical indicator in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions.

Objectives To investigate the correlation between dietary fatty acids intake of pregnant women and neonatal anthropometry at birth. Methods Women in early pregnancy were recruited with appropriate value of weight gain in pregnancy. Instant photography was used to assess the dietary situation in both the second trimester and the third trimester to calculate the intakes of food, energy, macronutrients, and fatty acids. The body weight, height and BMI at birth were evaluated with Z scores. The correlation between dietary fatty acids of pregnant women and neonatal anthropometry at birth were analyzed. Results There were 516 pregnant women recruited in this study. The average intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and the proportion of total fatty acids in the two trimesters were 15 . 09 g/d, 23 . 93% and 17 . 18 g/d, 24 . 86%. In the second trimester the intakes of n-6 and n-3 PUFA were 14 . 23 g/d and 3 . 45 g/d, and in the third trimester, n-6 and n-3 PUFA were 16 . 08 g/d and 3 . 81 g/d, the average intakes in the third trimester were signiifcantly higher than those in the second trimester (P??0 . 05 ). The intake of DHA ( 64 . 43 mg/d) in the second trimester was lower than that in the third trimester 75 . 12 mg/d, (P??0 . 05 ).The dietary intakes of n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA and n-6/n-3 ratio in the second trimester were positively correlated with neonatal BMI r=0 . 142~0 . 189 , P??0 . 05 ). Conclusions The dietary ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA in the second trimester was positively correlated with neonatal BMI, suggesting that moderately increasing the intake of n-3 PUFA may play a positive role in reducing childhood obesity.

Objective To investigate the genetic diagnosis and molecular pathogenesis of four patients with combined deficiency of coagulation factor Ⅴ and Ⅷ and their family members. Methods The APPT, FT, FⅤ: C, FⅧ: C were detected for phenotypic diagnosis. Thrombin generation assay was applied to determine the generation condition of thrombin in patients and healthy controls. Cenomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood using the TianGen RelaxCene Blood DNA System;amniotic fluid DNA was extracted with phenol-ethyl ether method. The LMAN1 and MCFD2 genes were analyzed by PCR. Gene mutations were detected with nucleotid sequences by using end-labeling dideoxy method. Results The APTT of Proband 1 was significantly prolonged to 88. 2s and her PT was prolonged to 19. 6 s. The combined deficiency was identified with FⅧ (FⅧ: C 24. 2% ) and FV(FⅤ: C 9. 1% ). Proband 2 and 3 were sisters. The coagulation studies revealed that both of them had prolonged APTT (71.6 s and 74.6 s respectively) and PT (22. 1 s and 18. 3 s respectively). The combined deficiency of FⅤ (FⅤ: C 7. 6% and 14. 5% respectively) and FⅧ( FⅧ: C 25% and 19.6% respectively) were identified. Proband 4 was detected to have the prolonged APTT (70.3 s),PT (18.2 s) and the deficiency of FⅤ(FⅤ: C 9. 4% ) and FⅧ (15. 7% ). The remaining phenotype indicators test of the 4 probands were normal. The diagnosis for the 4 probands was combined deficiency of factor Ⅴ and Ⅷ. The proband 1 was detected to have compound heterozygous mutations in LMAN1 gene while having the LMAN1 and MCFD2 direct gene sequencing. One mutation was a small insertion located on exon 8 [ nt912insA (X71661. 1)] that resulted in p. 305frameshiftX20 and her mother was detected to have the same heterozygous mutation on the the locus. The other mutation was located on exon 11: nt1366C > CT ( X71661. 1 ) , p. 456Arg > Stop which was inherited from her father. Amniocyte DNA was detected to have only one heterozygous mutaion [nt1366C > CT (X71661. 1) , 456Arg > Stop] inherited from the father. No mutation in MCFD2 gene was found in proband 1 and her parents. The analysis of the MCFD2 gene in proband 2 and 3 revealed a novel homozygous single base substitution (nt411T>C) in exon 4, which results in the exchange of the amino acid isoleucine by the amino acid threonine at amino acid position 136 (p. Ile136Thr). Sequencing of the whole LMAN1 gene showed that the proband 4 had one homozygous nonsence mutation in the exon 5 of the LMAN1 ( nt615C >T,p. 202 Arg> Stop). All of the 4 probands with combined deficiency of FⅤ and FⅧ showed declined endogenous thrombin potential in the thrombin generation tests. Conclusion The combined deficiency of FⅤ and FⅧ in the proband 1 results from the compound heterozygous mutations ( nt1366C > CT and nt912insA) in LMAN1 gene, which are inherited from her parents respectively. The prenatal genetic investigation for the patient mother with preganency indicates that the fetus is a female carrier with one mutation (nt1366C > CT) inherited from the father. The homozygous missence mutation ( nt411T > C, p. Ile136Thr) in the MCFD2 gene accounts for the proband 2 and 3. The daughter of the proband 2 is a carrier with a heterozygous mutation inherited from her mother. The homozygous nonsence mutation in the LMAN1 gene of the proband 4 results in the deficency of F Ⅴ and FⅧ.

Objective To profile the omp1 genotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) in patients with nongonococcal urethritis (cervicitis) in Guangzhou region. Methods Swab samples were obtained from the urethra of males and cervix of females in clinical settings of venereology and gynecology as well as at outreach sites for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). DNA was extracted from the swabs and nested PCR was performed to amplify the variable domain (VD) 1 - 3 of omp1 gene of Ct followed by gene sequencing. The genotypes of Ct were determined based on the amino acid mutation in VD 1 - 2 of omp1 gene. Results Totally, 1208 swabs were collected. Of them, 132 were Ct positive, and 130 positive samples underwent genotyping. Ten ompl genotypes were determined in total, including serotype E (38, 29.23%), D (25, 19.23%), J(24, 18.46%), F(21, 16.15%), G(7, 5.38%), H(5, 3.85%), K(5, 3.85%), B(2, 1.54%), Ja (2, 1.54%), I (1, 0.77%). E, D, J and F were the dominant type of Ct in this region, and amounted to 83% of all the Ct isolates. Mutations were observed within VD 1 and 2 of omp1 gene in serotype D, B and K.Serotypes were undetermined for Ct in 2 patients with mixed infection. Conclusions In Guangzhou region, E,D, F and J are the predominant genotypes of Ct, and amount to 83% of all the Ct isolates. Ct serotype B is also observed in the urethra of males and cervix of females in this region.

This article was aimed to study anti-inflammatory effects of petroleum ether extract from Citrullus lanatus vine (PEECLV) and explore the mechanism. The methods of ear swelling with xylene, increasing of peritoneal capil-lary permeability, and paw edema with egg albumin were used in the establishment of mice models, respectively. Granuloma with cotton pellet, and paw edema with carrageenan were used in the establishment of rat models, re-spectively. Observation was made on anti-inflammatory effects of PEECLV. The content of nitrous oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), as well as the level of TNF-α and IL-1β in blood serum were measured among granu-loma with cotton pellet rat models. Contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 5-HT, histamine (His), and protein in inflammatory exudates from the paw edema with carrageenan rat model, as well as contents of NO and NOS in blood serum, and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in order to study the possi-ble anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that PEECLV can suppress the ear swelling with xylene, the in-creasing of peritoneal capillary permeability, and the paw edema with egg albumin in mice, as well as granuloma with cotton pellet, paw edema with carrageenan in rats. It had anti-inflammatory effects at different degrees. The content of NO and NOS, as well as the level of TNF-α and IL-1β in blood serum were reduced in granuloma with cotton pellet rat models. The content of MDA, PGE2, 5-HT, His, and protein content were reduced in inflammatory exudates from the paw edema with carrageenan rat model. The increasing of NO and NOS in blood serum was inhib-ited. And the activity of SOD was increased. It was concluded that PEECLV had certain anti-inflammatory effects. Its mechanism may be related to the influence of the production of inflammatory mediators and antioxidant.

This study was aimed to discuss the influence of specific acupoint acupuncture therapy to the serum angiogenesis factor of high fat diet obese mouse models. Mice were randomly divided into the blank control group , acupuncture control group , model control group , and acupuncture treatment group . There were 6 mice in each group . Obese mouse models were induced after 15-week high fat diet . The specific acupoint acupunc-ture therapy was used as an intervention treatment method for 10 days . The enzyme-linked immunosorbent as-say (ELISA) was used in the detection of serum insulin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor , leptin and the level of nitric oxide in mice . The results showed that the serum insulin , nitric oxide and leptin level in the obese mouse models were increased . However , there were no obvious changes on the vascular endothelial growth factor and soluble vascular endothelial growth fac-tor receptor level . The specific acupoint acupuncture therapy can obviously reduce the level of serum nitric ox-ide and leptin, and improve the content of vascular endothelial growth factor in obese mouse models. However, there were no influence on the level of blood glucose and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor . It was concluded that the specific acupoint acupuncture therapy method had preferable antiobesity action . Its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of angiogenesis .

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates from Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine during the period from 2005 to 2015.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to Kirby-Bauer method.Results were analyzed according to CLSI 2015 breakpoints.Results A total of 55 155 nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected from 2005 to 2015.The top 5 most frequently isolated bacterial species were E.coli (15.0％),P.aeruginosa (14.0％),A.baumannii (11.9％),K.pneumoniae (11.8％) and S.aureus (10.2％).Gram positive cocci and gram negative organisms accounted for 35.8％ and 64.2％,respectively.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in S.aureus (MRSA) and coagulase negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) was 70.2％ (3 967/5 650) and 83.2％ (4 997/6 004).No staphylococcal strain was resistant to vancomycin,teicoplanin or linezolid.Fifteen strains of Enterococcus were found resistant to vancomycin.The average prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains was 70.4％ (5 843/8 300) in E.coli,53.5％ (3 500/6 539) in Klebsiella spp.and 44.1％ (557/1 263) in P mirabilis.A few carbapenemaseproducing K.pneumoniae strains were identified for the first time in 2012 with the prevalence of 0.6％ (4/656),and the prevalence hit high (30.1％,142/472) in 2015.The prevalence of carbapenemase-producing E.coli was 2.0％ (16/787) in 2015,and almost zero in the other years.The prevalence of extensively drug-resistant A.baumannii and P.aeruginosa was 39.1％ (2 566/6 556) and 4.0％ (308/7 704),respectively.Extensively drug-resistant strain was identified in 9 of the strains of 189 E.aerogenes isolates.Conclusions Bacterial resistance is still on the rise,which poses a major challenge to clinical antimicrobial therapy,especially the multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant bacteria.

Objective·To analyze high-risk factors of infection of multidrug resistance Klebsiellapneumonia (MDR-Kpn) and difference of therapeutic effects for different treatments.Methods·One hundred and ten MDR-Kpn strains were collected from a hospital.K-B slip diffusion method was utilized to detect the drug susceptibility of all the strains.Based on electronic medical records system,MDR-Kpn infected group included 51 patients and control group was picked out,including 51 patients as well (byl:1 ratio basing on the infected group according to the rules of under the same department,similar basic disease and all the patients in the control group isolated with the strain of Kpn).Thirty-nine clinical information of MDR-Kpn infected and control groups are collected to make single-factor analysis of high risk factors of the infection with MDR-Kpn.Multi-factor analysis was utilized between MDR-Kpn infected and control groups.The lasting time of different antibiotics used in MDR-Kpn infected patients were made statistics between effective and inefficacy patients.Results·Drug susceptibility test showed that sulfonamide,phosphonomycin and amikacin,were the three most sensitive antibiotics for 110 MDR-Kpn strains.12 clinical information,such as blood transfusion、sputum suction、invasive ventilation were all high-risk factors for the infection of MDR-Kpn (P＜0.05).The lasting time during with carbapenems (P=0.025) was statistically different between effective (n=28)and non-effective group (n=23) of MDR-Kpn infection patients.Conclusion·Controlling and eliminating high-risk factors do help to protect and decrease the infection of MDR-Kpn.Using carbapenems correctly has great influence on prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between job burnout, job stress, and depression in perimenopausal women.Methods:A total of 1 208 postmenopausal women from Wenzhou were randomly selected from August 2020 to August 2022 as research subjects for this study. Job burnout, job stress, social support, and depression were measured using the personal general condition questionnaire, the Chinese community nurse stress scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between job burnout, job stress, and depression.Results:The scores of the Chinese community nurse stress scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey in married people were (47.54 ± 4.54) points and (34.69 ± 4.12) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in unmarried, divorced, separated, and widowed people ( F = 9.49, 51.86, all P < 0.001). The Social Support Questionnaire score in married people was (33.28 ± 8.94) points, which was significantly higher than that in unmarried, divorced, separated, or widowed people ( F = 17.55, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score among married, unmarried, divorced,separated, or widowed people (all P > 0.05). The scores for the Chinese community nurse stress scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and Social Support Questionnaire in people who received middle school-level education were (55.41 ± 6.15) points, (44.31 ± 6.13) points, (21.24 ± 4.11) points, and (40.76 ± 10.44) points, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in people who received education of primary school and below, college and above ( F = 147.29, 106.46, 70.14, 13.08, all P < 0.001). The scores of stressors for individuals engaged in other non-service professions, the score of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, and the score of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were (44.21 ± 3.84) points, (37.78 ± 5.24) points, (17.53 ± 3.42) points, and (34.27 ± 6.97) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of stressors for individuals engaged in nursing, teaching, and other service professions ( F = 207.75, 102.47, 37.24, 137.35, all P < 0.001). The results of correlation analysis showed that the score of the stressor scale was positively correlated with the scores of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and Social Support Questionnaire ( r = 0.58, 0.62, 0.52, all P < 0.05). The score of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was positively correlated with the scores of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and Social Support Questionnaire ( r = 0.59, 0.68, both P < 0.05). The score of the depression scale was positively correlated with the score of the Social Support Questionnaire ( r = 0.65, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Job burnout and job stress are positively correlated with depression and related to perimenopausal women's marital status, social support, occupation, and education level.