Neuromuscular blocking agents are widely used in ICU.It is an assistant treatment for nearly 25％ to 55％ patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).But there is controversy about the use of neuromuscular blocking agents in patients with ARDS.This review aim to discuss the use of neuromuscular blocking agents in patients with ARDS.

objective:To discuss the characteristics and localizing significance of presurgical scale ambulatory electroencephalo-gram(AEEG)in patients with supratentorial tumor by comparison their electrocorticography(ECOG).Methods:124 subjects were collected in our hospital.All patients were monitored by the scalp AEEG before surgeries and ECOG during oprating.The interictal epileptiform discharges of ECOG were divided into five catalogs.Ⅰ:no spikes.Ⅱ:isolated spikes.Ⅲ:repetitive spike-wave pattern.Ⅳ:intermittent spikes,polyspikes waves burst.Ⅴ:continuous hyper-spikes and sharps.A,B,C,D and E were represented on the scalp AEEG which corresponded the above ECOG classification.Then AEEG and ECOG were analyzed.Re-sults:(1)The scalp AEEG was abnormal in 83.87% of all subjects before surgery.Ⅱ type and Ⅲ type on ECOG did not appear easily on the scalp AEEG(P

Objective:To reveal the effects of different doses of naloxone on moderate and severe acute head injuries by monitoring of qEEG.Methods:86 patients with moderate and severe acute head injuries (Glasgow Coma Scale 3～12,within 12 hours after injury) were selected for this study.According to the severity of injury,all patients were classified into three groups: GCS3～5,GCS6～8 and GCS9～12.Patients of each group were then randomly assigned to treatment with naloxone or control.In naloxone groups,low doses of naloxone and high doses of naloxone were administered respectively to the patients with acute brain injury of different severity for three days.Relative power of ? frequency and absolute power of 1～25 frequency were monitored with qEEG before and 30 minutes,1,2,24,48,72,120 hours after administration.Results:In GCS 9 to 12 group,relative power of ? frequency and absolute power of 1～25 frequency were significanfly different ( P 0.05).In GCS 6 to 8 group,the two parameters were improved significanfly in naloxone groups and were significantly different between low dose and high dose naloxone groups.In GCS 3 to 5 group,all parameters were not significantly different between naloxone group and control group.Conclusion:These results suggest that treatment with naloxone in patients with moderate and severe head injuries is beneficial in terms of improved qEEG and there is no significant difference between low dose and high dose naloxone in GCS 9 to 12 group,but in GCS 6 to 8 group high dose naloxone shows better efficacy than low dose naloxone.

Objective To investigate the profession development status of intra-veineuse (IV) nurse team in Anhui province, provide the reference and baseline data on intravenous therapy management of province unity standard. Methods Using the cluster sampling method, the questionnaire designed by IV professional committee of Anhui province was used to investigate the status of IV nurse team in 137 hospitals. Results IV nurse in 35 hospitals (25.6%) was accepted the intravenous treatment knowledge training, however no specific provision for training time in 91 hospitals (66.4%). Organization in PICC evaluation was diversified, such as manufacturer (40 accounted for 29.2%), nursing association in province (city)( 38 accounted for 27.7%) and nursing department in hospital (36 accounted for 26.3%). 28 hospitals had PIVAS (20.4%). 62 hospitals established IV nurse team (45.3%), 87 hospitals established IV quality control system (63.5%). Implementation strength was good in the special inspection, the following feedback in standardized operation and adverse events (81 accounted for 59.1%, 72 accounted for 52.6%and 75 accounted for 54.7%, respectively), however, there was no enough emphasis on regular meeting, organization consultation and collection data of regular basis (59 accounted for 43.1%, 52 accounted for 38.0%and 32 accounted for 23.4%, respectively). Conclusions IV nurse team has been preliminarily established in Anhui province, however there are some problems, for example, specialist nurse training and examination is not unified, overall quality control system have not established, external conditions need to be improved. Related departments should actively formulate corresponding countermeasure to promote the healthy development of the IV nurse team.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone(DXM)and fructose-1,6-diphosphate(FDP)on cardial troponin I(cTnI)and MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB),and ultrastructure of myocardial cells in rats with endotoxemia.Methods Eighty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:sodium chloride group(NS group,n=8),9 g?L-1 NS 1 mL,ip;lipopolysaccharide group(LPS group,n=24),administered with endotoxin(5 mg?kg-1,ip);DXM group(n=24):received DXM(5 mg?kg-1,ip)after injection of LPS 1 h;FDP(n=24)group,received FDP(1 g?kg-1,ip)after injection LPS 1 h.Then,they were sacrificed at 6 h,12 h,24 h and 72 h after injection.CK-MB and cTnI in blood were detected with chemiluminescent techniques,and myocardial pathological damage was observed under the light and transmission electron microscope.Results Compared with control group,in LPS group,the serum cTnI and CK-MB were increased significantly from 6 h to 24 h with time going by(P

Compared with the traditional teaching methods,multimedia teaching has specific advantages and has been widely used. Meanwhile,the defects in multimedia teaching must be attached great importance to. This paper focuses on some problems widely existing in the multimedia teaching and sets forth several proposals of promotion in the use of multimedia teaching.

BACKGROUND: Research about magnetic drug microsphere has developed rapidly at home or abroad; additionally, previous studies have been focused on glucan, chitosan, and polyester as coating materials; however, gel material has been less reported,in particular gel-coating berberine microsphere has been not reported yet.OBJECTIVE: To prepare berberine magnetic gelatin drug microsphere, and to evaluate drug releasing, loading, and cross-linking using dynamic dialysis and light electron microscope.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Preparation and property of microsphere were performed in Guizhou Yikang Pharmacy Co., Ltd.And Guizhou University from February 2004 to May 2006.MATERIALS: Gel, berberine, glutaraldehyde, liquid paraffin, and Fe_3O_4 were used in this study.METHODS: Magnetic microspheres of berberine drug with gelatin and Fe_3O_4 were prepared by a reverse phase suspension cold-condensation method according to biocompatibility of gel, solidification of glutaraldehyde, and disperse medium of liquid paraffin.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Structure, morphology, drug-loading rate, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro releasing of drug microsphere.RESULTS: The diameter of the microsphere was under 20 urn. Scanning electron microscope demonstrated that Fe_3O_4 and berberine were compounded by gel into a round shape, and the mixture was expressed on micrometer. Ultraviolet absorption and infrared analysis suggested that berberine magnetic gelatin drug microsphere still had structure and property of raw drug. The drug-loading rate of berberine microsphere was 7.2%, the content of Fe_3O_4 was 20.8%, and the entrapment efficiency was 62.6%.the sustained-releasing ability of microsphere was well, and the releasing content counted for 83.5% of total drug within 7 hours.CONCLUSION: The berberine magnetic gelatin drug microsphere which was prepared by reverse phase suspension cold-condensation method characterizes by sample preparation, small diameter, regular morphology, and great sustained-releasing ability.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of unintentional injuries in children,and to provide the theoretical basis for preventing and intervening the occurrence. Methods We collected the data of children aged from 0 to 14 years old and hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2013 to December 2015. Results There were 2286 cases of children including 1507 boys(65. 92%) and 779 girls(34. 08%). The high incidence age was 1 to 3 years with a total of 896 cases(39. 19%). The first five causes of unintentional injuries were burns/scalds 840 cases(36. 71%),fall/drop 464 cases(20. 30%),blunt force injury 290 cases(12. 68%),foreign bodies(in the esophagus,airway, etc) 253 cases(11. 07%),and sharp object injury 153 cases(6. 68%). The unintentional injuries of different age group were varied,for example,the common causes of 1 to 3 years old group were burns /scalds and for-eign bodies(in the esophagus,airway,etc),and the main injuries in 6 to 14 years old group were fall/drop and blunt force. Furthermore, the proportion of unintentional injuries in rural children was 1547 cases (67. 67%),and in the urban children was 739 cases(32. 33%). Unintentional injury with serious conse-quences included burns/scalds 55 cases(26. 96%),sharp object injury 45 cases(22. 06%),burns/scalds 26 cases (12. 75%),blast injury of 23 cases(11. 27%) and fall/drop 20 cases(9. 80%). Disable/sequel hap-pened in 204 cases(8. 92%). Ten cases died(0. 44%) including fall/drop in 4 cases,traffic accident in 3 cases(30%). Conclusion Young children aged 1 to 3 years are the most vulnerable to unintentional inju-ries. Burns/scalds and foreign bodies( in the esophagus,airway,etc) are the most common causes of injuries, and the boys are more common than girls. Moreover,the incidence rate of unintentional trauma in rural chil-dren was higher than that in the urban children. Unintentional injury complicated serious consequences are burns/scalds,sharp object injury,blast injury and fall/drop. Death cases in the majority are fall/drop and traf-fic accident. The key to reduce the occurrence of unintentional injuries is to strengthen propaganda of preven-tion knowledge about the children′s unintentional injuries.

Objective To explore specific risk factors in the early seizures after acute moderate and severe head injuries and understand incidence of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) under coma. Methods Eighty-six patients with acute moderate and severe head injuries were monitored with video-electroencephalogram (video-EEG) for one week. Results (1) Of all, 7 cases (8.14%) had clinical seizures and 6 (6.98%) NCSE. (2) In patients with severe head injuries especially intracranial hemorrhage, post-traumatic seizures especially NCSE were more likely to occur, with no significant difference in sex and age. Conclusions Severe and critical head injuries and intracranial hemorrhage are specific risk factors for early post-traumatic seizures, especially NCSE. After brain injury, EEG should be used to evaluate traumatic coma even if clinical seizure does not appear.

Objective To explore the effect of continuity of midwifery service model on delivery outcomes in pregnant women. Methods From January 2015 to June 2016,100 single pregnant women with full-term and cephalic presentation who accepted midwife outpatient education were selected from our hospital and divided into observation group, at the same time,100 cases of full-term and cephalic presentation accepting obstetrics regular check as control group. Both delivery methods and total labor time were compared between two groups; the rates of episiotomy, weight gain during pregnancy, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia and macrosomia were all observed. Results The observation group maternal weight gained, the total labor time were (12.26±0.95) kg, (445.21±246.34) min, the control group were (14.48± 1.89) kg, (642.26±258.81) min, there wwa significant difference (t=-10.534,-3.456, P < 0.01).The observation group cesarean section rate, postpartum hemorrhage rate, the rate of fetal macrosomia were 29%(29/100), 2%(2/100), 3%(3/100), the control group were 45%(45/100),10%(10/100),12%(12/100), there was significant difference (χ2=7.040, 5.674, 5.838, P<0.05). In the observation group, the rate of perineal resection were 26% (26/100) and 0 respectively, the control group were 30%(30/100) and 2% (2/100), there was no difference between the two groups (χ2=1.109, 2.020, P > 0.05). Conclusions Continuous care provided by midwife can effectively promote natural birth, reduce the incidences of macrosomia and postpartum hemorrhage, enhance the quality of obstetric services, is worth promoting in clinical application.