Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Spirochetes and Actinobacteria were generally called "four pathogens and one bacterium". It was always difficult to be denominated and classified rightly in textbooks, while it was also a key interfering with students to grasp the concept of bacteria exactly. So we raise the question and hope to learn from each other by an exchange of views here.

Objective To observe the effect of exclusive pregnancy food exchange method on biochemical index and pregnancy outcome on pregnant women with abnormal glycometabolism,and evaluate its effectiveness on dietary guidance.Methods Sixty-seven pregnant women with abnormal glycometabolism who accepted physical examination and gave birth,were divided into traditional food exchange group (control group,33 cases) and exclusive pregnancy food exchange group (observation group,34 cases),and were given respective intervention until the childbirth.The blood biochemical indexes and the pregnancy outcome between two groups were compared.Results Fasting blood glucose (FBG),2 h postprandial blood glucose (PBG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and triglyeride (TG) in observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).PBG,HbA1c and TG in control group alter treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.01).After treatment,PBG,HbA1c and TG in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P＜ 0.01),after 3 months follow-up,differences still existed (P ＜ 0.01).The total incidence of pregnant women complications in observation group was much lower than that in control group [14.71％(5/34) vs.36.36％(12/33),P ＜ 0.05],there was no significant difference between two groups on neonatal complications (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Exclusive pregnancy food exchange method can improve pregnant glycometabolism and lipid metabolism of pregnant women with abnormal glycometabolism,and reduce the incidence of pregnant women and infant adverse pregnancy outcome.It is great worthy to popularize and apply in dietary guidelines.

Objective To observe the outcome of patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) after amniotic membrane grafting or penetrating keratoplasty.Design Retrospective,noncomparative case series.Participants 3 consecutive OCP patients (4 eyes),were included.Methods For 3 patients (4 eyes) in this study,preoperative visual acuity was from HM/5 cm to HM/10 cm.The symblepharon (gradeⅢ) of 2 patients (3 eyes) were detached and amniotic membrane was transplanted,and bandage contact lens were used till 2 months after operations.The other patient (1 eye) was undergone penetrating keratoplasty with glycerol-cryopreserved cornea because of corneal ulcer and perforation.Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity,recovering of conjunctiva and cornea.Results Am- niotic membrane dissolved about 1 month after operation in 2 patients (3 eyes).Symblepharon changed from gradeⅢto gradeⅡ,visual acuity increased to 0.04-0.05,central corneal epithelium was regenerated significantly,and a little new vessel appeared at corneal lim- bus in 2 patients (2 eyes).The graft deliquesced in the patient with penetrating keratoplasty at 20 days after operation and undergone penetrating keratoplasty again after 1 month.In this patient,the graft molten induced the ocular contents run-off and became eyeball at- rophy eventually.Conclusion Our small sample study shows that the symblepharon detachment and amniotic membrane transplantation is effective for improving visual acuity in OCP with ocular surface dysfunction.However,because of various factors,penetrating kerato- plasty is ineffective for OCP with perforating corneal ulcer.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of mindfulness-based therapy combined with risperidone treatment on emotional disorder in schizophrenic patients during the recovery period.Methods:A total of 106 schizophrenic patients during the recovery period who received treatment from March 2017 to February 2019 in The Second Hospital of Jinhua,China were included in this study.They were randomly assigned to undergo mindfulness-based therapy combined with risperidone treatment alone (study group, n = 53) or risperidone treatment (control group, n = 53).The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score and Scale of Social Function in Psychosis Inpatients (SSPI) score were compared between study and control groups before and after treatment. Results:Before treatment,there were no significant differences in PANSS total score,negative scale score,positive scale score,general psychopathology scale score between study and control groups (all P > 0.05).After treatment,negative scale score,positive scale score,general psychopathology scale score and PANSS total score in the study group were (11.54 ± 1.63) points,(11.56 ± 1.61) points,(21.71 ± 1.85) points,(44.66 ± 3.01) points respectively,and they were (15.31 ± 1.91) points,(15.29 ± 1.89) points,(23.51 ± 2.11) points,(52.06 ± 3.32) points,respectively in the control group.After treatment,negative scale score,positive scale score,general psychopathology scale score and PANSS total score in each group were significantly lower than those before treatment (study group: t = 10.352,10.337,8.419,15.630; control group: t = 2.607,2.601,4.534,7.131,all P < 0.05).After treatment,negative scale score,positive scale score,general psychopathology scale score and PANSS total score in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 10.930,10.937,4.670,12.022,all P < 0.05).Before treatment,there were no significant differences in scores of activities of daily living,social skills and initiative and communication between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After treatment,scores of social skills,activities of daily living and initiative and communication in the study group were (12.88 ± 1.62) points,(10.58 ± 1.54) points,(13.14 ± 1.97) points respectively,and they were (11.92 ± 1.56) points,(9.01 ± 1.43) points,and (11.46 ± 1.69) points respectively in the control group.After treatment,scores of social skills,activities of daily living and initiative and communication in each group were significantly higher than those before treatment (study group: t = 6.783,5.475,4.430; control group: t = 3.956,2.263,2.009,all P < 0.05).After treatment,scores of social skills,activities of daily living and initiative and communication in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t = 3.108,5.439,4.712,all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Mindfulness-based therapy combined with risperidone treatment for emotional disorder in schizophrenic patients during the recovery period can effectively improve the emotional disorder,reduce the schizophrenia symptoms,and improve the social function of patients.

0.05),but the proportion of NRDS,the rate of mechanical ventilation dependence,and mortality had significant diffe-rences(Pa

Animals ; Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase ; therapeutic use ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; blood ; therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Behcet Syndrome ; therapy ; Female ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza injection (SMI) on peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) induced injuries of peritoneal structure and function in a rat model, and to observe the relationship between the failure of peritoneal dialysis and expressions of aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) in peritoneal tissues. METHODS: Fifty-six SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, 1.5% PDS group, 4.25% PDS group, 1.5%PDS+1% SMI group, 1.5%PDS+2% SMI group, 4.25% PDS+1% SMI group and 4.25% PDS+2% SMI group. Two-hour peritoneal dialysis test was performed in rats in different groups by intraperitoneal injection for 8-week. Then rats were killed on the 8th week, and the bloods and peritoneal tissues were gathered. The rate of ultrafiltration, clearance rates of urea nitrogen, creatinine and glucose of peritoneum and content of total protein in PDS were detected. Peritoneal membrane histology was evaluated by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Expressions of ZO-1 and AQP-1 proteins in peritoneal tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method, and AQP-1 protein expression was also detected by Western blotting technique. RESULTS: Compared with normal control group, using of 1.5% PDS and 4.25% PDS caused the changes of structure and function in peritoneum, such as pathological change of peritoneum, decreasing of the rate of ultrafiltration (P<0.05), clearance rates of creatinine and glucose (P<0.01) and the expression of ZO-1 protein (P<0.05), and increasing of the expression of AQP-1 protein (P<0.05). Compared with the simple PDS groups, the pathological damage of peritoneum was lessened and the rate of ultrafiltration and clearance rates of creatinine and glucose were increased in the 1.5% PDS+2% SMI group and 1.5% PDS+2% SMI group. Expression of AQP-1 protein was decreased by 1.5% PDS+2% SMI as compared with 1.5% PDS (P<0.05).[JP] CONCLUSION: SMI can relieve the injuries of function and structure of peritoneum by down-regulating the expression of AQP-1 protein.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of the midazolam sedation based on remifentanil analgesia on the occurrence of delirium in critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU).Methods A single-center prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. 140 consecutive critically ill patients admitted to ICU of Peking University People's Hospital, undergoing mechanical ventilation longer than 24 hours, with the need of sedation, from February 2014 to January 2015 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups by computer generated random numbers table, eachn = 70. The patients in observation group received midazolam 1μg·kg-1·min-1 for sedation, and 1 mg/mL remifentanil for analgesia with 0.05 mg/kg intravenous bolus, then continuous infusion of 0.02-0.10 mg·kg-1·h-1. The patients in control group received midazolam for sedation only. The data were recorded as follows: the main indices for observation included the occurrence of delirium and its duration; the second item for observation was consumption of drug for sedation, followed by the mean arterial pressure (MAP) before and after sedation, the time of wake-up, duration of mechanical ventilation, the length of ICU stay, and 28-day fatality rate. The 28-day survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve.Results The dosage of remifentanil used in observation group was (98.6±24.9) mg/d, the dosage of midazolam was significantly lower than that of the control group (mg/d: 160.6±33.3 vs. 178.9±43.4, t = 2.829,P = 0.005), the incidence of delirium was obviously lower than that of the control group [22.9% (16/70) vs. 57.1% (40/70),χ2 = 15.700,P< 0.001], and the time of delirium was slightly shorter than that of the control group (hours: 162.9±78.0 vs. 194.8±117.3,t = 0.947,P = 0.348). Among the patients with delirium, the dosage of dexmedetomidine used in observation group was significantly less than that of the control group (mg/d: 0.54±0.11 vs. 0.64±0.14,t = 2.112,P = 0.041). The MAP before sedation was similar as the MAP after sedation in both groups, and there was no significant difference between observation group and control group [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), before treatment: 84.7±16.2 vs. 89.5±37.7, after treatment: 82.3±10.7 vs. 80.8±13.9, bothP> 0.05]. There was no significant difference in the time of waking-up between observation group and control group (hours: 2.3±0.9 vs. 2.4±0.8,t = 0.487,P = 0.627). The duration of mechanical ventilation (hours: 143.4±138.3 vs. 163.9±158.9, t = 0.812,P = 0.418), the length of ICU stay (days: 8.8±7.7 vs. 10.0±7.8,t = 0.917,P = 0.361) and 28-day fatality rate [11.4% (8/70) vs. 20.0% (14/70),χ2 = 1.941,P = 0.245] in observation group were slightly lower than those of the control group without significant difference. Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the cumulative 28-day survival rate in observation group was slightly higher than that of control group (χ2 = 1.647,P = 0.199). ConclusionAnalgesia based on sedation may reduce the occurrence of delirium and its severity, furthermore, even if delirium occurs, it may be less severe.