Papers on reading population in domestic library and information field from 2002 to 2012 were retrieved.Its status quo, academic achievements and inadequacies were analyzed by bibliometrics and suggestions were put for-ward for reading population, such as further dividing its research subjects, strengthening its innovative research, and establishing its assessment system.

[Objective] Have a research on therapeutic methods of phlegm syndrome of Li Ziyi in Qing dynasty, to sum up his therapeutic experience of such syndrome.[Methods]Analysis on the related states and cases on the base of researches on the contents of “Approaches of phlegmatic scrofula ”which was written by Mr. Li, elaborating his characteristics in treating such syndrome. [Results] Mr. Li considered that phlegm syndrome can be classified into milder phlegm and scrofula according to its level of the patient ’s condition and therapeutic effect. He also believed that several aspects should be taken into consideration through the therapeutic process:treat by internal combing with external treatment ,pay attention to seven emotions and smoothen the temper, emphasize nursing care and obey to the contraindication strictly. [Conclusion]There are features in Mr. Li ’s view on phlegm and his treating method of phlegm syndrome. His treating method has a good therapeutic effect and it is worth popularizing.

AIM: To investigate the protective mechanism of Danggui Buxue Decoction(Radix Astragali,Radix Angelieae Sinensis) on the kidney of diabetic rats. METHODS: The diabetic animal model was made by a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin(STZ) and treated with Danggui Buxue Decoction(DBD) or Benazepril. Renal weight/body weight ratio, blood glucose and lipid, urinary albumin and ? 2-microglobin were measured. The renal pathological lesions were also investigated. The expression of TGF-? 1 mRNA in renal cortex as well as Angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) concentration of plasma and kidney tissue were determined by In situ hybridization and radioimmunoassay after 4,8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS:DBD had equivalent effects with Benazepril in protecting renal function and alleviating pathologic lesions. By means of inhibiting the expression of of TGF-? 1 mRNA. DBD had no effect on renal and plasmaAngⅡ. CONCLUSION:Danggui Buxue Decoction may alleviate kidney lesion and slow down the progression of DN by decreasing the renal expression of TGF-? 1 mRNA.

Objective:To investigate bioactivity,biodegradation,bone conductive properties,and clinical maneuverability of a novel injectable chitosan microspheres/ calcium phosphate cement(CPC).Methods: The bone defect of ??4 mm?4 mm?6 mm was made at both thighbones of 12 rabbits,and experimental material(chitosan microspheres/CPC) or control material(?-tricalcium phosphate cement,?-TCP) was injected into the defect respectively.The filling situation was evaluated by X-ray 3 days after operation.The rabbits were divided into three groups,four for each group.The samples with chitosan microspheres and the control with ?-TCP were collected at 8,16,24 weeks after operation.Histological examination and scanning electron microscope(SEM) evaluation were performed.Results: The absorption of implants with chitosan microspheres was observed at 8 weeks,and became more apparent at 16 weeks.Different size of cavities were observed in CPC after the degradation of chitosan microspheres.The chitosan microspheres/CPC was dramatically degradated after 24 weeks with a few chitosan microspheres,and new bone replaced the degradated materials.The implants with ?-TCP were absorbed slowly compared with the chitosan microspheres/CPC.The cavities in ?-TCP were small.Conclusion: The chitosan microspheres/calcium phosphate cement has the characters of good biocomptable and osteocombinative ability.Compared with the control material,adding chitosan microspheres into CPC could enhance its degradability and facilitate the new bone formation.

BACKGROUND:To evaluate the psychological characteristics of the patients waiting for renal transplantation in order to analyze coping style, thus perform the corresponding personalized clinical psychological intervention which is conductive for patients to face reality and disease. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the psychological characteristics of the patients waiting for renal transplantation and to analyze the effect of different social factors on the coping style of patients and to explore the corresponding clinical mental intervention method METHODS:Fifty-eight patients waiting for renal transplantation and 60 patients without renal transplantation were randomly selected from Second Department of Urology, Organ transplantation Center, the 309th Hospital of PLA between February 2009 and August 2010, the patients were required to fil in a psychological questionnaire form using the currently general used medical response. The effect of social factors on the coping style and psychological stress status was analyzed with multi-factor Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:From the questionnaire survey, the evasive and yielding value scores of the patients waiting for renal transplantation were significantly higher than those of the patients without renal transplantation (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference of confrontation score between the patients (P>0.05). It indicated that the psychological pressure of the patients waiting for renal transplantation was bigger that of the patients with out renal transplantation, which may related with course of the disease, cost and the rejection after transplantation for the patients has to endured. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, education, income, payment methods and age of the patients were al related with the confrontation, evasive and yielding scores, as those with technical secondary school education or better got the best confrontation score while those with annual income less than 60 000 yuan got the highest score in evasive and yielding styles. The results show that income and education level of patients are the main factors that affect the coping style and psychological stress status of the patients waiting for renal transplantation, treating the patients with reasonable renal clinical care interventions can help the patients face to the disease positively and can reduce the damage of transplantation to the psychology of the patients.

Abstract?AlM:To investigate effect and safety of the limbal stem cell transplantation combined with low concentrations of mitomycin C for pterygium patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).? METHODS: Eighty patients of 96 pterygium eyes admitted to hospital were divided into groups of high concentration, low concentration group and the control group, and 3 groups were given pterygium excision combined with limbal stem cell transplantation. The high concentration group, the low concentration groups were given prior to stem cell transplantation 0. 2, 0. 1mg/mL mitomycin C coverage. The cure rate and recurrence rate in three groups of patients, as well as visual acuity before and after treatment were compared.?RESULTS: Three groups patients' visual acuity were significantly improved after treatment (P<0. 05), there was no significant difference before treatment in visual acuity (P>0. 05);epithelial healing time of high concentration group was significantly higher than low concentration group and the control group (P<0. 05), there was no significant difference between low concentration and control groups of epithelial healing time (P>0. 05); cure rates of low concentration group was higher than high dose group, the recurrence rate in low concentration group was lower than the high dose group.? CONCLUSlON: Pterygium excision combined with limbal stem cell transplantation has significant efficacy for pterygium, and mitomycin C can effectively reduce the relapse rate, but for the patients with T2DM concentration of mitomycin C should be reduced.

Objective To investigate the accumulation of liver bile acids and bile acid regulated nuclear receptor farnesoid X (FXR) and its target gene cholesterol 7α hydroxylase (Cyp7α1) and small different dimer partner (SHP) in normal rats during pregnancy and lactation .Methods SD rats were maintained in the SPF‐grade facilities for time‐controlled mate .Livers were collect‐ed at Gestation Day (GD) 10 ,14 ,and 19 and Postnatal Day (PND) 1 ,7 ,14 and 21 d .Hepatic bile acids were quantified with a total bile acid assay kit ,and mRNA expression of FXR ,Cyp7α1 and SHP was determined by RT‐PCR .Western blot was used for Cyp7α1 protein quantification .Results In livers of normal rats ,bile acids was not elevated during pregnancy but was increased during lacta‐tion .The bile acid synthesis rate limiting enzyme Cyp7α1 increased during lactation but were normal during pregnancy .SHP was 6 fold higher at the late pregnancy ,and slightly higher during lactation .FXR was increased at postpartum .Conclusion Under normal circumstances ,hepatic bile acid synthesis during pregnancy was controlled by SHP feedback ,while during lactation ,hepatic bile acids increased ,along with increased Cyp7α1 and FXR .

Objective To observe the effects of different doses of Peng-Hui on expression levels of insulin receptor substance 1 (IRS-1) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) rats. Methods T2DM rat model was established by feeding with high-fat-diet and intraperitoneal injecting streptozotocin (STZ). T2DM model rats were randomized into four groups: T2DM control group, high dose Peng-Hui (150 mg/kg) group, medium dose Peng-Hui (100 mg/kg) group and low dose Peng-Hui (50 mg/kg) group. The T2DM control group was fed with only high-fat-diet. The normal control group was fed with common diet. The expression levels of IRS-1 in pancreas and skeletal muscle tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry method after 8-week treatment, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin levels were also detected in five groups. Results FBG lev-els were significantly lower in medium dose Peng-Hui group than those of T2DM control group and low dose Peng-Hui group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in insulin levels between high, medium and low dose Peng-Hui groups and T2DM control group (P>0.05). The expression levels of IRS-1 of pancreas and skeletal muscle tissues were significant-ly lower in high dose Peng-Hui group than that of T2DM control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The expression of IRS-1 was decreased in high dose Peng-Hui group, but no effects on FBG and plasma insulin.

Objective To explore the effect of eletroacupuncture (EA) on angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion through observing the number of peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the hippocampus.Methods Among 50 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats,10 were randomly selected as a control group (CG).Qi deficiency and blood stasis were induced in the other 40 rats by intragastric administration of dahuang daily for 7 days.A model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury was then created by thread-occlusion of the middle cerebral artery,except in 10 rats selected for the sham operation group (SOG) who received the same operation without tightening the thread.The successfully modeled rats were divided into a model group (MG,n =10) and an electroacupuncture group (EAG,n =10).The rats in EAG started acupuncture treatment the next day after modeling,while no treatment was given to those in the other groups.On day 1,3 and 7 after the modeling,the neurological functioning of the 4 groups was assessed using Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotion scoring and the number of EPCs in the peripheral circulation was detected by flow cytometry.On the 8th day,all the rats were decapitated and the VEGF expression was detected immunohistochemically.Results The average BBB locomotion score of the EAG rose significantly from (4.50 ± 1.05) on day 1,to (13.67 ± 1.21) on day 3,and then further to (20.00 ±0.89) by day 7,significantly higher than that of MG at the same time points,but still significantly lower than that of the control group.The average number of EPCs in the peripheral circulation in the MG also increased from (26.83 ± 6.05) on day 1 to (33.67 ± 5.39) on day 3,and decreased to (32.83 ± 5.04) on day 7 after modeling,significantly lower than that of the CG [(45.50 ±9.40),(42.17 ±4.62) and (41.33 ±5.50)],the SOG [(58.00 ±8.05),(59.67±4.84) and (53.83 ±5.38)[and the EAG [(66.17 ±4.36),(127.50 ±73.75) and (55.00 ±35.15)] at each time point.After occlusion,the average expression of VEGF-positive cells in the hippocampus of the EAG [(27.80 ± 2.39)％] was significantly higher than that of the MG,and both were significantly higher than that of the CG.Conclusions Eletroacupuncture can up-regulate VEGF expression and EPCs in the peripheral blood in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,which can promote angiogenesis and neural functional recovery.

The situation of the ongoing fifth epidemic (beginning October,2016) of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus are more serious than the first four ones.As of March 8,2017,the fifth epidemic reported 40.00％ of the cumulative cases.Recently,the pathogenic study reported two new human infections in Guangdong with an influenza A(H7N9)virus strain for which gene sequencing analysis revealed mutations in the haemagglutinin (HA) gene that resulted in the insertion of basic amino acids at the cleavage site of this protein,known to confer increased pathogenicity in chickens.However,most strains show no obvious difference in pathogenic characteristics compared with those detected during the first four waves.Although epidemiological studies showed that 3 clusters with limited human-to-human transmission have been investigated during the current wave,there are no indications of sustained person-to-person spread.Based on epidemic analysis and risk assessment results,it's likely that human infections with H7N9 virus will continue to occur in China,but epidemiological and pathogenic analysis suggested that it's unlikely to have a continued transmission of this virus.Profound public health significance would be presented by strengthening etiology and epidemiology studies of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus.