Objective To research into the major influenced factors of psychological health of medical students and to discuss some rational measures.Method We reasonably analyzed the influenced factors of students psychological health in a Medicine University via instituted questionnaire and quantitative survey.Result Although there exists gender difference,the main influenced factors of psychological health are attributed to employment pressure,self-contempt,sense of frustration, poverty and emotional reverse.Conclusion Each university and each medical student should commit themselves to the education of psychological health.

Objective To analyze the inducement,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment of diabetes patients with multiple organ failure(MOF).Methods A retrospective analysis of 64 diabetes patients with multiple organ failure was executed,the clinical data were statistically analyzed.Results Heart failure was the most common in 64 cases with a incidence of 100.0％,the rest common failure organ were kidney(92.2％ ),brain( 32.8％ ),lung ( 14.1％ ),gastrointestinal tract (3.1％ ),and liver( 1.6％ ).Cases with the glucose level over 33.5mmol/L illustrated a significantly higher incidence than other groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ),glucose level between 22.5 and 33.4mmol/L group was significantly higher than the 12.2 ～ 22.4mmol/L group( P ＜ 0.05 ) The inducement of MOF were infection (76.6％ ) medication terminate ( 9.4％ ),ketoacidosis ( 7.8％ ),cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents (6.3％ ).Conclusion Positive control of blood glucose in the early stage of diabetes,prevent complications,eliminate the incentive could reduce the incidence of MOF,eventually reduce the mortality rate.

Objective To study the application of isokinetic muscle testing in identification of the faked paralysis to provide scientific data for establishing a standard systemof muscle strength in forensic medicine identification. Methods Fifty-seven patients with bone fracture or nerve damage as damaged group and 128 normal subjects pretended paralysis as faked paralyzed group were included in this study. Isokinetic muscle testing was performed on bilateral knees of all subjects in the two groups. The peak torque (PT) and peak torque angle (PTA ) were compared between both sides in each group. The fea-tures of torque-time graph of two groups were classified. Results In the damaged group, the differences of PTbetween two sides of flexors and extensors were statistically significant (P<0.05), while the dif-ferences of PTA were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In faked paralyzed group, the differences of PTand PTA between two sides of flexors and extensors were both statistically significant (P<0.05). The torque-time graph of damaged knee presented mostly as single lead peak, while torque-time graph of the faked paralyzed knee presented mostly as multiple peaks. Conclusion The feature of torque-time graph could be useful to identify the faked paralyzed extremities in forensic authentication.

ObjectiveTo determine a measurement standard of irregular scar area by comparing the ad-vantages and disadvantages of different measurement methods in measuring same irregular scar area. MethodsIrregular scar area was scanned by digital scanning and measured by coordinate reading method, AutoCAD pixel method, Photoshop lasso pixel method, Photoshop magic bar filled pixel method and Foxit PDF reading software, and some aspects of these methods such as measurement time, repeata-bility, whether could be recorded and whether could be traced were compared and analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the scar areas by the measurement methods above. However, there was statistical difference in the measurement time and repeatability by one or multi performers and only Foxit PDF reading software could be traced back.ConclusionThe methods above can be used for measuring scar area, but each one has its advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to develop new measurement software for forensic identification.

In spite of much progress on its mechanism, diagnosis and treatment, diabetes mellitus remains a public health challenge. The harm of diabetes is not significantly reduced, instead shows an increasing tendency year by year. To achieve an in?depth and comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism, and to develop efficacious, stable and hypoglycemia?risk free drugs, it is crucial to gain more knowledge about diabetes from animal models. In this review, the types of diabetes animal models, modeling methods, the advantages and disadvantages, their applicable scope are discussed aiming to provide a reference for researchers to choose appropriate animal models.

Objective To investigate the effect of sevoflurane postconditioning on the myocardial oxidative stress injury in patients undergoing heart valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) . Methods Thirty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ and NYHA class Ⅱ or ID patients, aged 30-59 yr, weighing 42-62 kg, scheduled for cardiac valve replacement with CPB, were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 15 each) : control group (group C) and sevoflurane postconditioning group (group S) . Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam 0.05-0.08 mg/kg, fentanyl 3-6 μg/kg, vecuronium 0.10-0.15 mg/kg and etomidate 0.1-0.2 mg/kg. The patients were tracheal intu- bated and mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl and midazolam and continuous infusion of atracurium and propofol. In group S, 2% sevoflurane was given over 15 min via the cardiopulmonary bypass machine immediately after aortic unclamping. Blood samples from the internal jugular vein were collected immediately before skin incision (T1 ) and at 30 min, 3 h and 24 h after aortic unclamping (T2-4 ) for measurement of the plasma malondialdehyde level. Myocardial tissues were taken from the left auricle before operation and after termination of CPB for determination of α-glutathione-S-transferase expression by Western blot. Results The plasma malondialdehyde concentration was significantly lower at T2, 3, while a-glutathione-S-transferase expression in myocardial tissues higher after termination of CPB in group S than in group C ( P ＜ 0.05) . Conclusion Sevoflurane postconditioning can enhance the antioxidant capacity and attenuate the myocardial oxidative stress injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB, which may be helpful to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To understand the health level of people living in county and the situation between the requirement and utilization of health service for rural residents in Chongqing as well as the main influential factors by investigating the basic condition and hospitalization expenditure. Methods Three county hospitals were included in our study: county general hospital, Chinese traditional medicine hospital, and maternal care hospital. The hospitalized patients from the three hospitals were investigated on a certain day by questionaire and the data of discharged patients in a month were collected and analyzed by SAS8.0 software. Results Factors such as the hospital type, sex, age, the cost for sickbed, diagnosis and treatment fee and so on were significantly associated with the total cost for hospitalization. Expensive hospitalization fee harms the quantity and quality of health service required by rural residents. Conclusion The utilization rate of health service by female was lower than by male in rural area. The total utilization rate of health service has been improved since the new policy about rural health service was carried out. People over 45 years old are the main consumers of health service. Peasants are still main consumers to medical organization at county level. Suitable technic of health service for county hospitals should be carried out in time.

China ; Humans ; Occupational Health Services ; manpower

A new organic-soluble co-reactant of N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis(propyl)-pentanediamine (TPPD) was synthesized and co-immobilized with tris ( 2, 2’-bipyridine ) ruthenium ditetrakis ( 4-chlorophenyl ) borate ([Ru(bpy)3][4-(Clph)4B]2) on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode for electrochemiluminescent (ECL) study. The hydrophobicity of TPPD prevented its leakage from the electrode surface, thus the long-term stability of the ECL electrode was enhanced. The TPPD/[Ru(bpy)3][4-(Clph)4B]2 modified-ITO electrode exhibited strong, stable and reproducible ECL signal. The ECL signal could be quenched efficiently by phenol with a quenching efficiency of 95. 4% in the presence of 0. 1 mmol/L phenol, demonstrating the potential of the modified electrode in determination of phenolic compounds. The transient-state of the electrogenerated chemiluminescence reaction was also investigated, which revealed that the TPPD/[Ru(bpy)3][4-(Clph)4B]2 modified-ITO electrode had a longer lifetime than conventional TPA-Ru(bpy)2+3 co-reactant system.

The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased significantly worldwide. Under the situation that some conventional drugs have significant side effects, and biological and immunosuppressive agents are expensive, exploring the safe and effective probiotics to improve the effect of traditional drugs may become a reliable way to ease the economic burden of patients and improve the quality of life. As a probiotic, Saccharomyces boulardii has a long history of use, and has shown some effectiveness in animal models with colitis and in clinical trials. This article reviewed the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Saccharomyces boulardii on IBD.