Evidence based medicine is not quite the same as traditional medicine, as the former stresses the combination of evidence and doctors experience, failure to achieve which will be disadvantageous to patients. In recent years, evidence based medicine has been growing silently in China. At present the ideology of evidence based medicine is being widely applied to the treatment of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, arrhythmia, heart failure, myocardial infarction, etc. and the regulation of fat metabolism. Some medications harmful to patients have been discarded and curative effects have been improved. Of course, there are still some shortcomings. Yet evidence based medicine has also exerted an effect on people in the medical circle and the making of medical decisions.

Objective To explore the influence of long -term oral hydroxychloroquine on the blood lipids and left ventricular function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods A total of 110 patients with SLE,who treated in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2013,were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into study group (n =55 )and control group (n =55 )according to the random number table method.The control group received conventional drug treatment,while the study group was orally given hydroxychloroquine on the basis of the control group therapy.The course of treatment was 18 months for the two groups.Then,the changes of blood lipids,left ventricular structure and function indexes before and 6,12,18 months after treatment were observed.Results The levels of TG[(1.7 ±0.3)mmol/L,(1.6 ±0.3)mmol/L,(1.2 ±0.2)mmol/L],TC[(4.5 ± 0.5)mmol/L,(4.3 ±0.4)mmol/L,(4.0 ±0.4)mmol/L],HDL -C[(1.4 ±0.4)mmol/L,(1.5 ±0.3)mmol/L, (1.6 ±0.3)mmol/L],LDL -C[(2.8 ±0.5)mmol/L,(2.3 ±0.4)mmol/L,(2.0 ±0.3)mmol/L],LVEDD[(40.3 ± 3.3)mm,(39.4 ±3.0)mm,(38.5 ±2.9)mm],LVESD[(29.4 ±2.6)mm,(28.3 ±2.3)mm,(26.7 ±3.0)mm], LVST[(9.7 ±0.4)mm,(9.5 ±0.6)mm,(9.5 ±0.5)mm],LVPWT[(10.2 ±0.4)mm,(10.0 ±0.3)mm,(9.8 ± 0.4)mm],FS[(31.4 ±6.8)%,(32.6 ±7.0)%,(32.7 ±7.7)%),LVEF[(60.4 ±5.4)%,(60.7 ±5.7)%, (61.4 ±5.6)%],E /A[(0.8 ±0.2),(0.9 ±0.3),(1.1 ±0.3)]in the study group 6,12,18 months after treat-ment were significantly better than before treatment[(2.0 ±0.4)mmol/L,(4.8 ±0.8)mmol/L,(1.1 ±0.3)mmol/L, (3.4 ±0.4)mmol/L,(42.4 ±3.8)mm,(30.7 ±3.5)mm,(9.9 ±0.6)mm,(11.2 ±0.5)mm,(30.1 ±5.7)%, (55.8 ±4.6)%,(0.7 ±0.1 )],and which were all better than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(tTG =2.529,2.828,2.735;tTC =3.609,3.122,3.317;tHDL -C =3.651,3.419,3.733;tLDL -C =2.008,2.144,2.338;tLVEDD =8.933,8.347,8.282;tLVESD =6.445,6.628,6.594;tLVPWT =3.015,3.331,3.905;tLVST =4.571,4.583,4.861;tLVEF =11.021,11.328,10.163;tFS =7.915,8.048,8.253;tE /A =1.886,1.769,1.537;all P <0.05).Conclusion Long -term oral hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of patients with SLE not only can improve the blood lipids situation,but also is good for the left ventricular structure and function,which may avoid the occurrence of vascular events,and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of transplantation of limbal epithelial cells and decellularized porcine cornea construct in rabbits with corneal alkali burn.Methods Allogeneic rabbit limbal epithelial cells were cultured and identified.Porcine cornea scaffold was fabricated by decellularization.The LECs-DPC construct was cultured and transplanted to the alkali-burned corneal surface of rabbits(4month follow-up).Results Immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR analyses revealed the presence of ABCG2 positive limbal stem cells.A general view showed the corneas were clear and vessel-free postoperatively.HE and Masson Trichrome staining results indicated the epithelial stratification,fewer cellular infiltration,DPC' integration into host corneal tissues,and more regular collagen configuration.Transmission electron microscopy exhibited formation of desmosomes and microvilli.Conclusion Allogeneic limbal epithelial cells transplantation using DPC as a carrier can restore corneal clarity after alkali burn in a rabbit model.

SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is involved in the post-translational modifications of proteins,and this process is referred to as SUMOylation.SUMOylation plays an important role in the regulation of cellular activities such as strengthening the stability of the protein,nucleocytoplasmic transport,DNA repair,DNA replication,mitotic and meiotic chromosome behavior,et al.SUMOylation is a dynamic process and can be reversed by SUMO-specific proteases (SENP).Once the balance between SUMOylation and de-SUMOylation is broken,there will be an aberrant expression of SUMO or SENPs in cells to happen,which may lead to the tumor occturtrence.

Aberrant promoter methylation in special genes such as tumor suppressor genes is early eventin carcinogenesis of lung cancer. Aberrant methylation, resulting in corresponding mRNA silence or overexpression , closely relates to carcinogenesis, development, treatment response and prognosis of lung cancer and it may become a potential biomarker. Methylation of special genes may provide evidences for individual treatment of lung cancers.

Objective To investigate the effects of Oxytocin(OT) on hippocampal long-term potentiation(LTP) and FOS protein expression induced by peripheral stimulation.Methods Single stimulation pulses were delivered to the left sciatic nerves to evoke the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in the right hippocampal CA1. Tetanic stimulation was used to induce hippocampal LTP. Different groups of rat were given NS,OT,Oxytocin antagonist-Atosiban + OT before tetanic stimulation,into lateral ventricle(LV) respectively. Expression of FOS protein was compared among the groups by histopathological and immunohistochemistry. Results Single stimulation evoked fEPSPs in hippocampal CA1,which average latency was (171.9?33.1)ms and average amplitude was (25.7?8.4)?V. Tetanic stimulation induced hippocampal LTP and increased the expression of FOS protein. Intracerebroventricular injection of OT inhibited hippocampal LTP and decreased the expression of FOS protein. This effect of OT was blocked by the pretreatment with Atosiban. Conclusion The results suggested that OT may play an inhibitory role in leaning and memory of rats and the effect is mediated by OT receptor.

Multidrug resistance is a common form of drug resistance of tumors and one main reason for chemotherapy′s failure and recrudescence of acute leukemia. In recent years,substantial studies addressed the different aspects about MDR1,including MDR1 genetic polymorphism,mRNA/protein expression as well as the function of its coding protein (P-gp).This paper reviewed recent advances about the relation between MDR1 genetic polymorphism and acute leukemia prognosis with the aim to improve acute leukemia curing and chemotherapy outcome evaluating in China.

Objective To investigate the effect of a kind of tissue engineered bone implants on healing of segmental bone defects. Methods A 15 mm bone defect experimental model at the right radius of New Zealand white rabbit was made. 24 animals of this model were divided into three groups at random. PLGA scaffords loaded with 5 mg BMP and about 1?106 BMSCs were implanted in Group 1(n=10); PLGA scaffords loaded with 2.5 mg BMP and about 1?106 BMSCs were implanted in Group 2(n=7); PLGA scaffords loaded with 1 mg BMP and about 1?106 BMSCs were implanted in Group 3(n=7). The osteogenesis at the defect area was observed by regular roentgenography and X-ray analysis, histological changes at the bone defects at 4th, 8th, 12th weeks after operation were studied and the new bone formation was measured by image analysis. Biomechanical analysis was done 12 weeks after operation. Results A large quantity of callus was found in all the 3 groups 4 weeks after repair. At the 12th week, the complete bone healing rate was 7/8, 3/5, 3/5, respectively in Group 1, 2 and 3. Group 1 had the largest quantity of new bone measured by histopathological study and X-ray analysis, and at the 12th week, the medullary cavity in this group became united. The compress stiffness, torsion stiffness and the maximal load in Group 1 were better than those in other groups. Conclusion The tissue engineered bone contructed by PLGA scaffords that are loaded with 5 mg BMP and BMSCs is capable of repairing segmental bone defects.

Background Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a serious eye disease with a variety of causes.It results from the secretion of growth factors by hypoxic retinal tissue,such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),but anti-VEGF treatment alone dose not completely inhibit neovascularization.Our previous study found that platelet-derived growth factor-c (PDGF-C) is also an important factor in pathological angiogenesis.However,the role of PDGF-C in the development of NVG remains unknown.Objective This study was to quantitatively detect the levels of VEGF and PDGF-C in the aqueous humor of patients with NVG and provide a basis for the anti-angiogenesis therapy.Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out.Sixty-two eyes of 62 patients with advanced NVG and 11 control subjects with age related cataract were included in Xijing Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University from January 2014 to August 2015.Ten of 62 NVG eyes received retinal photocoagulation and/or cryotherapy,and 16 eyes resulted from central retinal vein occlusion,20 eyes from diabetic retinopathy,5 eyes from postopeartion of retinal detachment,4 eyes from Eales disease and 7 eyes from unknown cause.Iris neovascularization of grade Ⅱ was found in 13 eyes,grade Ⅲ in 29 eyes and grade Ⅳ in 10 eyes.Aqueous humor specimen was collected for 0.1-0.2 ml during the surgery,and the contents of VEGF and PDGF-C in the aqueous humor were detected by ELISA assay.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to any medical procedure.Results The VEGF and PDGF-C concentrations in the aqueous humor were (1 138.17±69.31) ng/L and (29.80±1.64) ng/L in the NVG group,respectively,which were significantly higher than (679.54±49.81) ng/L and (18.60±1.85)ng/L in the control subjects (t=20.95,20.49,both at P＜0.01).The VEGF and PDGF-C concentrations in aqueous humor were (1 095.99±52.71) ng/L and (28.55±0.94) ng/L in the retinal photocoagulation group,showing significantly decreases in comparison with (1 146.28±69.57) ng/L and (30.04± 1.64) ng/L in the untreatment group (t =-2.160,P =0.034;t =-2.760,P =0.008).The VEGF content in aqueous humor was positively correlated with PDGF-C content in the patients with NVG (r=0.346,P=0.006).However,the aqueous levels of VEGF and PDGF-C were not significantly different among various primary disease groups and different iris neovascularitation gradings (all at P＞0.05).Conclusions Both VEGF and PDGF-C contents in the aqueous humour are considerably elevated in NVG patients.Retinal photocoagulation and/or cryotherapy can inhibit the release of VEGF and PDGF-C in the aqueous humor.PDGF-C may be a target for the treatment of NVG.

Neovascular glaucoma ( NVG ) is a series of blinding and intractable eye diseases, which caused by various intraocular or extraocular diseases. The iris and angle neovascularization and vascular membrane fiber contraction may eventually lead to progressive elevation of intraocular pressure and angle closure. Because of complex etiology, the treatment of NVG is intractable and inefficient. Based on the articles published in recent years, we reviewed the progressions of the relevant cytokines and animal models.