Objective To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of long-term application of cyclosporin A(CsA) in patients with severe aplastic anemia(SAA).Methods 39 patients with SAA were treated with CsA and androgen.The efficacy at 3-month,6-month,1-year,2-year treatment was evaluated.Main side effects of CsA were assessed.Results An overall response rate to CsA was 45.5% in the patients with SAA.19.1% of patients showed response to the treatment at 3 months,45.0% at 6 months,56.3% at 1 year,83.3% at 2 years,respectively.The early mortality rate in SAA Ⅰ patients was significantly higher than that in SAA Ⅱ patients(P

Objective To comprehend the clinical characteristics and treatment of AIDS patients,and provide the basic information for prompt diagnosis of AIDS cases.Methods To analyze the clinical data of 15 AIDS patients identified by western blot test.Results 80\^0% of the AIDS patients acquired HIV through sexual contact,and the common clinical menifestations of them were loss of weight(80\^0%),fever(73\^3%),pneumonia(66\^7%)and diarrhea(26\^7%).The duration from emerging clinical symptoms to definitive diagnosis among them was long.The patients were more frequently accompanied by co infection with various pathogens.The efficacy of solely using anti bacterium therapy was usually poor,and all around treatment was effective(66\^7%).Conclusion Physicians should be alert of the occurrence of AIDS.Anti HIV antibody should be promptly tested for patients of repeating fever,chronic cough and long term diarrhea.The rapid and correct diagnosis and all around treatment are the key of ameliorating state of an illness.

Objective: To obtain monoclonal antibodies against putative protein X4 of SARS-CoV for further study of the structure and function of protein X4. Methods: Balb/c mice were immunized with recombinant Protein X4, hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against protein X4 were screened by regular cell fusion and subcloning approach. The specificities of these monoclonal antibodies were determined by Western blotting and Immunofluorescecence assay. Results: Three hybridoma cell lines (8A5, 8H6 and 4A2) stable in secreting specific monoclonal antibodies were successfully obtained. They could bind specifically to protein X4 proved by Western blotting. All of them belonged to the IgG2a isotype proved by antigen mediated ELISA. Indirect Immunofluorescence assay indicated that they could specifically bind to protein X4 expressed in SARS-CoV infected Vero E6 cells. Conclusion: Monoclonal antibodies of high specificity against protein X4 have been successfully prepared, which laid the foundation for the further study of protein X4.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect and value of dilatation technique with double balloon in the treatment of cardia achalasia.Methods 52 patients with cardia achalasia were treated by the dilatation technique with double balloon.Results The effective rate was 100% in short term while.In long term,the effective rate was 96% and 100% with one time dilatation and double time dilatations respectively.Conclusion The dilatation technique with double balloon is a safe,effective and easy operated method in the treatment of cardia achalasia.

Objective To express human chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1) in Drosophila S2 cells and study its function. Methods The pMT/V5-His-CKLF1 expression plasmid was constructed and transfected into Drosophila S2 cells. The positive clones were selected through PCR and RT-PCR. The culture medium was analyzed by Western blot with anti-CKLF1 polyclonal antibody. Chemotaxis and MTT assays on human peripheral blood and C2C12 cells, respectively, were then carried out with the medium. Results CKLF1 was transcribed efficiently in S2 cells. The expressed CKLF1 protein could be detected in the culture supernatant by Western blot, which showed weak chemotactic activity on both human peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes as well as enhancing effect on the proliferation of C2C12 cells. Conclusion CKLF1 was expressed successfully in Drosophila S2 cells and secreted into the culture medium. The recombinant CKLF1 expressed in Drosophila cells can chemoattract leucocytes and promote the proliferation of C2C12 cells.

Objective:To analyze the literature on clinical and experimental studies of sports fatigues treated and prevented by acupuncture therapy and understand the current statuS about acupuncture therapy for eliminating sports fatigue.Method:By the method to analyze the literature,the literature on treatment of sports fatigue in the recent 20 years was summarized and analyzed.Results and Conclusion:Acupuncture therapy is able to eliminate free radicals,resist lipid peroxidation,prevent dysfunction of the motor hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis,reduce the creatine kinase content,and lower lactic acid concentration,so as to play an important role in the elimination of sports fatigue and improvement of athletic ability of the body.But,traditional acupuncture therapy will cause minor injury to the human body,it is necessary to popularize the painless acupuncture therapy,and explore the functional mechanism of acupuncture therapy in the treatment and prevention of sport fatigue by multiple channels in the future.

BACKGROUND: Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis could be treated by laminectomy internal fixation placement,unilateral or bilateral decompression,posterior laminectomy and so on.However,whether laminectomy internal fixation placement can be used remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of interbody fusion cage implantation of pedicle screw fixation,in combination with posterior lumbar laminectomy,bilateral resection and decompression of the inferior articular process,autologous facet joint bone transplantation in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.METHODS: A total of 41 patients of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis,who failed after 3 months of conservative therapy,including 23 males and 18 females,at a mean of 60.3 years,Received posterior lumbar laminectomy,bilateral inferior articular process resection and decompression,autologous facet joint bone and cage interbody fusion implant pedicle fixation.They were followed up for 24 months,preoperative and postoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA)score evaluations were performed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of the patients,radiological examination was done to investigate the graft fusion and vertebral stability of surgical segments in patients.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the follow-up,JOA score significantly increased compared with the preoperative score(P＜0.01)and clinical excellence rate was 90%; 40 cases obtained bony fusion,with a fusion rate of 98%,1 patient exhibited signs of lumbar instability.There was no loosening,fracture and other complications after internal fixation,but 2 cases appeared dural tear,1 case pedicle position deviation,1 case pseudoarticulation formation.The results suggest that the posterior lumbar laminectomy,bilateral inferior articular process resection and decompression,autogenous facet joint bone and cage interbody fusion implanted pedicle screw fixation show good clinical effects for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of modified eggshell technique through posterior approach for the treatment of hard thoracic disc herniation. Methods From January 2006 to June 2009, 22 patients admitted for hard thoracic disc herniation were reviewed, including 13 males and 9 females, with an average age of 49.5 years (range, 33-69). The courses of disease were 11 months on the average (range, 3-18 ). The lesions located in T8-9 for 4 cases, T9-10 for 9, T10-11 for 7, T11-12 for 2. Each of the patients underwent X-ray, CT scanning and MRI examination before surgery. There were 16 cases of central type, and 6 cases of paracentral type. All patients were treated surgically by modified eggshell technique via posterior approach. Results The mean operative time was 210 min (range, 180-300 min), with a mean blood loss of 860 ml (range, 600-1200 ml). All surgeries were performed successfully without neurological symptoms aggravation. Surgical complications included dural laceration in 2 cases, both dural lacerations were repaired intraoperatively, epidural hematoma in 1 case with lower extremity neurological symptoms, full neurologic recovery was observed after surgical removal of the hematoma. All patients were followed up for average 27.5 months (range, 12-54). The mean JOA score increased from 3.36±1.79 before operation to 7.45±2.99 after the operation at 12 months follow up, and the mean improvement rate of neurological status was 58.3%±30.7%. There was significant difference in JOA score before and after surgery(t=10. 12,P＜0.01 ).The results of 14 cases were ranked as good, 6 as fair, 2 as unchanged, and none as worsened. All cases obtained bony fusion without instrument failure. Conclusion Modified eggshell technique enable ventral and dorsal spinal decompression from the posterior approach in cases of hard thoracic disc herniation, with reduction of the rate of postoperative paralysis.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of laparoscopic and open left lobectomy.MethodsThe clinical data of 92 patients who received left lobectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from May 2010 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 92 patients,42 received laparoscopic left lobectomy (laparoscopic group ) and 50 received open left lobectomy (open group ). The advantages and disadvantages between laparoscopic and open left lobectomy were compared. All data were analyzed using the t test,chi-square test or by calculating the Fisher exact probability.ResultsTwenty-nine patients received left lateral lobectomy and 13 patients received left hemihepatectomy in the laparoscopic group. One patient was converted to the open group becaused of the injury of the middle hepatic vein.Thirty-three patients nnderwent left lateral lobectomy and 17 underwent left hemihepatectomy in the open group.The tumor-free resection margin of the laparoscopic group was ( 1.6 ± 0.6 ) cm,which was significantly longer than ( 1.2 ± 0.4 ) cm of the open group (t=3.81,P＜0.05).The volume of operative blood loss of the laparoscopic group was (158 ±89)ml,which was significantly smaller than (292 ± 172)ml of the open group (t =4.56,P ＜ 0.05 ).The time of postoperative pain control,time to bowel function recovery and duration of hospital stay were ( 1.2 ± 0.3 )days,(23 ± 4)hours,( 7.5 ± 2.8 ) days in the laparoscopic group,which were significantly shorter than ( 2.0 ± 1.1 ) days,(4.9 ± 7 ) hours,( 11.3 ± 4.2 ) days in the open group,respectively ( t =4.57,21.31,5.00,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at postoperative day 1 were increased,while the increase of AST and ALT in the open group were greater than that in the laparoscopic group (t =6.73,5.03,P ＜0.05).The postoperative prothrombin time in the open group was significantly longer than that before operation (t =2.32,P ＜ 0.05 ).The incidence of postoperative complications and total hospital costs were 7％ (3/41) and (2.5 ±0.7) ×104 yuan in the laparoscopic group,which were lower than 8％ (4/50) and (2.6 ±0.6) × 104 yuan in the open group,but no significant difference was observed (t =0.74,P ＞0.05).One patient in the open group died of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome caused by acute hepatic failure.ConclusionLaparoscopic left lobectomy is safe and effective,and it has the advantages of small trauma,quick recovery of patients and significant overall efficacy when compared with open left lobectomy.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of depression and its risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to evaluate depression in 2 966 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients [ male 1 463,female 1 503,age ( 56.4 ± 11.2 ) years,diabetes duration ( 6.3 ± 5.7 ) years ].Depression criteria:≤4 points,no depression group; 5-13 points,mild depression group; 14-20 points,moderate depression group; 21 points or higher,severe depression group.Meanwhile,the demographic and metabolic data and diabetes-related health behaviors were also investigated.The risk factors associated with depression were screened by logistic regression.Results 51％ patients had depression,including 38％ with mild,8％ with moderate,and 5％ with severe depression.Compared with no depression group,depression was correlated with female sex,low-annual income,diabetes education,diabetes treatment,with insulin and peripheral neuropathy( P＜0.01 ).More smoking and younger age were found in severe depression( P＜0.05 ).Partial correlation analysis showed that depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus was positively correlated with female sex,diabetes education,and peripheral neuropathy ; and negatively correlated with age (P＜0.05).Conditional logistic regression equation showed that gender( OR =1.37 ),age ( 20-40 years,OR =1.52 ),diabetes education ( OR =1.51 ),and peripheral neuropathy ( OR =1.87 ) were risk factors for depression.Conclusion Depression is common in type 2 diabetes mellitus.More attention should be paid to screening depression in clinical practice.