Obiective To observe the clinical effect of treating upper respiratory infection induced coughing with atomizated ioint of compound liquorice oral solution and ipratropium bromide.Methods 69 cases of respiratory tract infection induced coughing were randomly recruited into A,B,and C group.Group A was treated with atomizated joint of compound liquorice oral solution and ipratropium bromide;Group C was treated with azithromycin and levofloxaein;Group B was treated with the combined therapy of Group A and Group C.Clinical effects and side effects were observed after the treatment.Results Symptom scores of cough in group A and group B were lower than those in group C.The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Dry mouth and throat complaints disappeared in group A and group A and group B after the treatment.Conclusion Tomizated ioint of compound liquorice oral solution and ipratropium bromide had good therapeutic effects in treating cough induced by upper respiratory infection.

Objective To pursue a more efficient and effective treatment for cleft lip and palate deformities. Methods Patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate at their age of 9 years after were chosen for simultaneous cleft alveolar repair and nasal deformity correction. Muco-periosteal pocket and iliacgranular bone was prepared, and bone grafting was performed conventionally. At the same time of iliac cancellous bone harvesting, a cortical plate was taken and sculpted into a strut of 18 mm in length, 6 mm in width, and 1.5 mm in thickness. A flying bird incision was made at the alar ram and across columella in a V-shape. Then the alar cartilage was detached from the overlying skin, a socket was made at the site of anterior nasal spine. The strut was inserted into the socket between the two medial crura of the alar cartilage. The medial crura was lift 3 mm above the superior edge of the strut, and mattress suture technique was used to secure the bilateral medial crura to the strut graft. Results 24 patients were treated by this technique. All the patients healed uneventfully. Depressed alar base, tilted columella and lower nasal tip were corrected satisfactorily. Conclusion There is no interference in simultaneous cleft alveolar bone grafting and rhinoplasty. Septum strut can provide favorable support for tilted nasal structure and satisfactorily correct nasal deformities. Simultaneous with alveolar grafting, it is much easier in harvesting, and the time of anesthesia and operation is also decreased.[

ObjectiveTo explore the antioxidant and anti-human cervical cancer HeLa cell effect and mechanisms of Andrographis paniculata polysaccharide （APP）. MethodCell function assays were conducted to assess the effects of APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1） on the proliferation， migration， and invasion of HeLa cells using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， scratch assay， and Transwell assay. Molecular mechanism experiments were conducted to detect the effects of APP on HeLa cell apoptosis and cell cycle-related mRNA and protein expression using flow cytometry， real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and Western blot analysis. The antioxidant activity of APP was tested using DPPH⁺， OH^-， and reducing power assays. ResultCompared with the blank group， APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1） significantly inhibited the migration， proliferation， and invasion abilities of HeLa cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Flow cytometry with propidium iodide （PI） single staining was used to detect cell cycle. The results showed that compared with the blank group， the proportion of HeLa cells in the G₂/M phase increased after 48 hours of treatment with APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1）， indicating that APP can arrest HeLa cells in the G₂/M phase. Flow cytometry with fluorescein isothiocyanate （Annexin V-FITC）/PI apoptosis kit was used to detect cell apoptosis. Compared with the blank group， the proportion of early and late apoptotic HeLa cells increased in a dose-dependent manner after 48 hours of APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1） treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）， indicating that APP promotes HeLa cell apoptosis. The results of Real-time PCR and Western blot assay showed that compared with the blank group， after 48 hours of APP （400， 450， 500 mg·L^-1） treatment resulted in decreased mRNA and protein expression of cell cycle-dependent kinase-1 （CDK-1）， Cyclin B₁， and B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and increased mRNA and protein expression of cysteine aspartate protease （Caspase）-3， Caspase-8， Caspase-9， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） （P<0.05， P<0.01）. These findings were consistent with the flow cytometry results and showed a dose-dependent effect. In vitro antioxidant tests demonstrated that different concentrations of APP （50-1 000 mg·L^-1） were able to scavenge DPPH⁺ and OH^- radicals， indicating certain antioxidant activity. ConclusionAPP possesses antioxidant activity and can inhibit the viability of HeLa cells while promoting their apoptosis.

Objective　At present, the main studies of ginsenoside Rg1 are almost on the field of solid tumors and acute leukemias, and few on chronic leukemias. We aims to figure out the role of ATR-Chk1 pathway on cell aging in ginsenoside Rg1-treated leukemia K562 cells.　Methods　K562 cells were treated with ginsenoside Rg1 at different concentrations and divided into a control group (with 50 μL PBS culture solution) and 5 μmol/L ginsenoside group, 10 μmol/L ginsenoside group, 20 μmol/L ginsenoside group, 40 μmol/L ginsenoside group, 80 μmol/L ginsenoside group. CCK-8 assay，colony formation assay and flow cytometry for cell cycle detection were used to determine the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the aging of K562 cells. SA-β-Gal staining and Wright’s staining were used to observe the morphological changes of K562 cells’ aging. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the changes of ATR and Chk1 expression.　Results　The colony formation rate of K562 cells in the 20 μmol/L ginsenoside group was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P<0.05). CCK-8 test results showed that K562 cell proliferation of ginsenoside Rg1 induced groups was higher than that of the control group at 24, 48, and 72 hours (P<0.05). K562 cell proliferation inhibition rate was the highest in 20 μmol/L ginsenoside group for 48 hours treatment (P<0.05). The rate of SA-β-Gal positive cells [(95.833 ± 1.528) %] in 20 μmol/L ginsenoside-treated K562 cells for 48 h was significantly higher than that of the control group [(3.083 ± 0.764) %]. Cells blocked in G0/G1 phase and entered S and G2/M phases were significantly higher and lower than those in the control group, respectively (P<0.05).The ATR and Chk1 mRNA expression levels [(0.0117 ± 0.0038) %, (0.0120 ± 0.0021) %] were significantly higher than that of the control group ([0.0027 ± 0.0006) %, (0.0058 ± 0.0019) %) (P<0.05). ATR and Chk1 relative protein expression levels [(19.370 ± 0.994) %, (43.520 ± 1.236) %] were significantly increased compared with that of the control group [(17.080 ± 1.274) %, (39.100 ± 0.969) %) (P<0.05).　Conclusion　Ginsenoside Rg1 can induce the aging of K562 cells by regulating the ATR-Chk1 pathway, providing a new target for clinical leukemia treatment.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical value of magnifying endoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal benign neoplastic lesions.Methods78 colorectal lesions in 61 patients were examined with magnifying colonoscopy after indigo carmine dye, and a pit pattern diagnosis was made for every lesion according to Kudo's classification.All the lesions were totally resected, and the specimen were sent for pathologic examinations.ResultsThe diagnostic sensitivity of neoplastic lesions was 98.4% and specificity was 85.7% when types Ⅰ and Ⅱ represented the pit pattern of nonneoplastic lesions, whereas types Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ represented adenoma and early colorectal cancer. The overall accuracy in differentiating adenoma and early colorectal cancer from nonneoplastic lesions was 96.2%.94.5% of adenomarous lesions were treated by colonoscopy.ConclusionThe magnifying colonoscopy can provide an instantenous accurate diagnosis of tumorous lesions in colon and rectum. Synchronize, minimally invasive and curative treatment is possible to be completed by using it for a large number of lesions.

Malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (MTEF) is pathological communication between the respiratory tracts such as the trachea or bronchia and the esophagus because of malignant tumor dissemination through them.Radiography is an important adjunctive technology in the diagnosis of MTEF,and the location and size of fistula often need the further diagnosis of bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy.The patients are often with an unfavourable prognosis once developed MTEF,and are treated usually with the aim of symptom palliation and life quality improvement.The individual treatment includes esophageal stenting,esophageal exclusion and esophagus bypass,fistula exclusion and repair,radiotherapy and others effective therapy according to the patients condition.These therapies will prolong the life span and improve the life quality of patients.MTEF is not absolute contraindication for chemoradiotherapy.Despite its acute toxicity,this concurrent chemoradiothe rapy protocol appears feasible and effective at closing esophageal malignant fistula,especially in patients in a good general condition and without metastasis.

Objective:To construct an adenovirus vector harboring human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) cDNA and investigate the expression of bFGF in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro. Methods: The adenovirus expression vector Ad5-bFGF was constructed by homologous recombination technique. The best value of MOI was tested by transfecting human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with Ad5-GFP. Ad5-bFGF was used to transfect HUVEC at the obtained value of MOI and the expression of bFGF protein was detected by immunocytochemistry method and Western blotting. Results: The best value of MOI for adenovirus 5 to transfect HUVEC was 200 and the transfection rate was 90%. Immunocytochemistry method and Western blotting showed that bFGF was expressed in HUVEC after transfection with Ad5-bFGF and the expression was significantly higher than that in untransfected HUVEC (P

Angiostrongylus cantonensis ; isolation & purification ; Animals ; China ; Snails ; parasitology ; Strongylida Infections ; epidemiology

The aim of this paper was to study the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3 K), protein kinase B(Akt) and mamma-lian target of rapamycin(mTOR) in the inhibition of premature ovarian failure induced by D-galactose(D-gal) in mice model by ginsenoside Rg_1(Rg_1). Fifty-four female SPF BALB/c mice were randomly divided into PBS group, D-gal group, and Rg_1 group. In the D-gal group, D-galactose(200 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) was injected subcutaneously into the neck and back for 42 days. In the PBS group, an equal amount of phosphate buffered saline(PBS) was injected into the neck and back for 42 days. In addition to the therapy of D-gal group, Rg_1 group was given Rg_1(20 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) through intraperitoneal injection since the 15 th day for 28 days, at the same time, the D-gal group and the PBS group were also given an equal amount of PBS through intraperitoneal injection since the 15 th day for 28 days. After the treatment, the estrous cycle changes of the mice were detected, and the ovarian SA-β-Gal staining was used to detect the changes of ovarian aging. Western blot was used to detect the changes in protein expressions of PI3 K, Akt, mTOR, S6 k, LC3-Ⅱ and P16~(INK4 a). Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the changes in mRNA expressions of PI3 K, Akt, mTOR, S6 k, LC3-Ⅱ and P16~(INK4 a). According to the findings, compared with the PBS group, the D-gal group began to show estrous cycle disorder in the 3 rd week,the ovarian SA-β-Gal staining positive granulosa cells increased in the D-gal group, the expression of senescence marker P16~(INK4 a) increased, while the expression of autophagy signaling molecule LC3-Ⅱ decreased. After treatment with Rg_1, the positive rate of ovarian SA-β-Gal staining in Rg_1 group decreased, the expression level of autophagy signaling molecule LC3-Ⅱ in Rg_1 group was higher than that in D-gal group, while the expression level of senescence marker P16~(INK4 a) was lower than that in D-gal group. Compared with the PBS group, the protein and mRNA expressions of PI3 K, Akt, mTOR and S6 k in the D-gal group were up-regulated, the protein expressions of Akt, mTOR and S6 k in the Rg_1 group were up-regulated, and the mRNA expressions of PI3 K and mTOR were up-regulated. After treatment with Rg_1, the protein expressions of PI3 K, Akt, mTOR and S6 k in the Rg_1 group were lower than those in the D-gal group, while the mRNA expressions of Akt, mTOR and S6 k in the Rg_1 group were lower than those in the D-gal group. The finding ssuggested that Rg_1 has the effect in delaying ovarian premature failure in D-gal-induced mouse models, and PI3 K/Akt/mTOR autophagy signaling pathways play an important role.
Animals ; Autophagy ; Female ; Ginsenosides ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

Objective: To investigate the effect of the Periplaneta Americana polypeptide on the angiogenesis. Method:Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cell scratch assay were used to observe effect of different concentration (6.25,12.5,25,50,100 mg·L^-1) of the Periplaneta Americana polypeptide, CⅡ-3 and skimmed cream on the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and a normal group and a thalidomide group were also established in this study. The tubule formation assay was used to detect the effect of different concentration (25, 50, 100 mg·L^-1) of the Periplaneta Americana extracts on the formation of tubules in HUVECs cells. The adhesion between HepG2 cells and HUVECs cells was observed by cell adhesion assay. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins in HUVECs was detected by immunocytochemical staining and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result:MTT results showed that the Periplaneta Americana polypeptide could inhibit the proliferation of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The effect of different concentrations of PAP-2 was better than that of PAP-1 and PAP-3 at 24, 48 72 h (P<0.05). However, the survival rate of HUVECs was significantly increased after treatment with different concentrations of CⅡ-3 and skimmed cream in a time-dose dependent manner. Cell wound scratch assay indicated that migration of HUVECs could be inhibited by Periplaneta Americana polypeptide in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), and the effect of PAP-2 was better than that of PAP-1 and PAP-3 (P<0.05). CⅡ-3 could inhibit migration HUVECs to some extent, but the higher the dose was, the weaker the inhibition effect was. Skimmed cream promoted migration of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. Tube formation assay revealed that Periplaneta Americana polypeptide could inhibit tube formation of HUVECs, and the inhibitory effect of PAP-2 was better than that of PAP-1 and PAP-3 (P<0.05). CⅡ-3 and skimmed cream promoted the tube formation of HUVECs to a certain extent. Intercellular adhesion assay stated clearly that Periplaneta Americana polypeptide could block the adhesion between HepG2 and HUVECs (P<0.05), and the effect of PAP-2 was better than that of PAP-1 and PAP-3 (P<0.05). However, CⅡ-3 and skimmed cream could promote the adhesion between HepG2 and HUVECs. Results of ELISA assay and immunocytochemical staining indicated that Periplaneta Americana polypeptide could down-regulate the expression of VEGF of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), in which effect of PAP-2 was better than that of PAP-1 and PAP-3 (P<0.05). However, CⅡ-3 and skimmed cream could up-regulate the expression of VEGF in HUVECs. Conclusion:The Periplaneta Americana polypeptide can inhibit the invasion, metastasis and tube formation of HUVECs, and down-regulate the expression of VEGF in HUVECs. The effect of Periplaneta Americana polypeptide is better than CⅡ-3 and skimmed cream, and the among the polypeptide, the effect of PAP-2 is superior to the other two.