Objective To investigate the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus saponin (ASS)on the protein and mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human HepG2. Methods HepG2 were incubated with ASS,the expression of VEGF was detected by ELISA assay,and the mRNA expression of VEGF was detected by RT-PCR assay. Results ASS (250,500 ?g/mL) decreased the expression of VEGF protein and VEGF mRNA (P

Objective To investigate the changes of T cell subsets including Th1,Th2,Th17 and Treg in the hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) patients.Methods 35 EV71 induced HMFD patients and 12 non-infectious children were included in this study.Patients were divided into mild symptoms group and severe symptoms group.The ratios of Th1,Th2,Th17 and Treg were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results Sixteen mild cases and 19 severe cases were included in the 35 patients.No statistical difference of children′s age and sex were found among the groups(P>0.05).The proportion[M(P25,P75)] of Th1 cells of mild and severe groups were 10.65%(8.73%,14.08%) and 15.51% (13.47%,18.31%),respectively,which were significantly higher than normal control group 5.51% (3.61%,8.61%)(P<0.05).The proportion of Th2 cells of mild and severe groups were 4.32%(2.60%,5.32%) and 3.87% (2.34%,5.32%),no significant difference from control group 2.11% (1.02%,5.11%)(P<0.05).The proportion of Th17 cells of mild and severe groups were 8.32%(5.25%,12.33%),7.36% (5.05%,11.9%),significantly higher than that of normal control group 4.23% (2.44%,6.22%)(P<0.05).The proportion of Treg cells of mild and severe groups were 1.46% (0.31%,2.73%),1.59%(0.35%,2.62%),no significant difference from the control group 1.78% (0.31%,2.77%)(P<0.05).Conclusion The Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg ratios of HFMD patients with EV71 virus infection were changed,and the Th1 and Th17 cells may play an important role in the in the disease and body′s resistance.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for content determination of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients with secretory otitis media. METHODS:HPLC was used. The samples were pretreated by liquid-liquid extraction. It was performed on the column of Hypersil CN with mobile phase of acetoneitril-methanol-phosphoric acid (100∶10∶0.6,V/V/V)at the flow rate of 1.8 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 205 nm,temperature was 30 ℃ and volume was 20 μl. RESULTS:The lin-ear range of phosphatidylcholine was 11.99-119.9 μg/ml(r=0.999 6);RSDs of precision tests of intra-day and inter-day were no more than 15%;average recovery was 97.54%(RSD=9.36%,n=9);the average content of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients was(24.43±3.61)μg/ml. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate,and can be used for the content determination of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients with secretory otitis media.

Objective To explore the effect of postweaning enriched environment and citalopram treatment during juvenility on the behaviour of male rats exposed to early adverse stress. Methods The newborn pups were randomly divided into maternal separation group (MS) and non-maternal separation group (NMS). Offspring were weaned on PND22 and housed in same-rearing groups under either standard or enriched conditions or citalopram treatment until adulthood. All of them were examined by sucrose consumption test, forced swimming test (FST) and morris water maze test (MWZ). Results (1) MS had significantly less consumption of sucrose intake (ml/g)(0.013 ±0.006, n = 10), compared with the following five groups (MS + EE (0.023 ±0.012, n = 8); MS + Drug (0.027 ±0.012, n = 9); NMS (0.022 ± 0. 007, n=11);NMS + EE (0.023 ±0.007, n = 7); NMS + Drug (0.032 ±0.011),n=7)), NMS + Drug had significantly increased the radio of sucrose consumption on NMS group. (2)The immobility in FST were longer in MS-experienced groups (MS (140. 19 ± 37.01) s, n = 8); MS + EE (129.41 ±29.50)s, n = 6) ;NMS + Drug (128.83 ±26. 11)s, n = 6)) than three non-MS groups (NMS (96.28 ±35.63)s,n = 7); NMS + EE (94.17 ±24. 87)s, n = 6) ;NMS + Drug (93.00 ±34. 21)s, n = 6)). (3) MS had shorter time and shorter percentage of distance spent in target quadrant in MWZ,citalopram treatment markedly improved spatial memory on NMS group. Conclusion Maternal separation applied in newborn rats induces a broad spectrum of behavioral changes reminiscent of depressive symptoms in humans, which might be reversed to some extent by EE and antidepressant in young adults.

Objective To evaluate endovascular management for isolated iliac artery aneurysm (IIAA). Methods From May 1997 to Jan 2006, 15 IIAA cases underwent endovascular treatment, including 12 true aneurysms and 3 psudoaneurysms. There were 9 common iliac artery aneurysms (CIAA), 3 internal iliac artery aneurysms (IIAA) , and 3 external iliac artery aneurysms (EIAA). The average diameter was (5. 97?1. 49) cm (3. 5-9. 0 cm). IIAA was treated with metallic coils and CIAA/EIAA by stent-grafts. Results Unilateral internal iliac artery was preserved in 14 cases, and bilateral internal arteries were preserved in one case. Postoperative endoleak was found in 2 cases. There was no other major complications nor mortality. One case suffered buttock claudication because of internal iliac artery exclusion. The operation time was 1. 9?1. 1 h, blood loss was 126. 7?70. 1 ml. Patients were up and about after 2. 1?1. 1 d, hospital stay was 5.5?4.7 d. Conclusions Endovascular treatment is safe and effective for isolated iliac artery aneurysm. Internal iliac artery preservation and prevention of endoleak is of great importance.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes can lead to many complications. Of them, retinopathy is a common type. To explore the effect of erythropoietin in diabetic retinopathy, it is necessary to establish an animal model of similar pathologic features and high reproducibility in clinical retinal neovascularization.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of vitreous cavity injection of erythropoietin on optic nerve of rats with diabetic retinopathy.
METHODS: Rat models of diabetic retinopathy were established and injected with erythropoietin through vitreous space for 14 consecutive days. Results were compared between the model and normal control groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Transmission electron microscope: compared with the model group, retinal ganglion cel nucleus presented uniform red; cel membrane was intact; endoplasmic reticulum exhibited slight swel ing. A smal number of vacuoles were found in mitochondria around the nuclei. (2) Western blot assay and RT-PCR: compared with the model group, Caspase-3 and Bax protein expression was lower in the erythropoietin group (P < 0.05). Caspase-3 protein and Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly higher in the erythropoietin group than in the model group (P < 0.05). Significant differences in nuclear factor κB and Survivn gene expression were detected between the model and erythropoietin groups (P < 0.05). (3) Results verified that vitreous cavity injection of erythropoietin had neuroprotective effect on rats with diabetic retinopathy, which may be associated with the inhibitory effect on apoptosis.

The chronic disease management of rheumatoid arthritis has been popularized and applied in China. This article will review the application and research progress of different chronic disease management models, including chronic care mode, chronic disease self-management, transitional care mode, community-based chronic disease management, and "internet + chronic disease management" in rheumatoid arthritis patients in China, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of different intervention models, in order to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the chronic management of rheumatoid arthritis under different regional medical resources.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy,safety and cost-effectiveness of ertugliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus by rapid health technology assessment to provide a basis for clinical decision-making.Methods PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP database and health technology assessment(HTA)related websites and databases were searched from the inception date to January 2024.Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,assessed the quality and carried out the qualitative analysis.Results A total of 27 articles were included,in which 2 HTA reports,24 systematic reviews/meta-analyses and 2 pharmacoeconomic studies.Compared with placebo,ertugliflozin could significantly lower hemoglobin Alc level,fasting plasma glucose,hospitalization for heart failure,body weight and blood pressure levels,but there were no significant difference in all-cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality and composite renal outcome.In terms of safety,there were no significant difference in the risk of urinary tract infections,fracture,amputation and symptomatic hypoglycemia between ertugliflozin and placebo or other hypoglycemic drugs.However,ertugliflozin increased the risk of ketoacidosis,genital mycotic infections and lowered of estimated glomerular filtration rate.Pharmacoeconomic studies showed that ertugliflozin had better cost-utility and cost-effectiveness in type 2 diabetes in China.Conclusion Ertugliflozin is effective and safety in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus,but it's necessary to carry out the head to head studies among efficacy,safety and economics research in China.

Antineoplastic drugs refer to the drugs that act at the cellular and molecular levels to inhibit tumor growth or eliminate tumors through pathways such as cell killing,immune regulation,and endocrine regulation.Antineoplastic drugs generally including chemotherapeutic drugs,molecular targeted therapeutic drugs,immunotherapeutic drugs,and endocrine therapeutic drugs.The management and rational application of antineoplastic drugs in medical institutions are related to the safety of patient treatment.The standard for management of antineoplastic drugs use in clinical is compiled by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Committee of China Hospital Association,which specification requirements 18 key elements in the organizational management and system,medication management,drug monitoring and evaluation of antineoplastic drug management in healthcare institutions.This standard is applicable to all levels and types of healthcare institutions carrying out oncology diagnosis and treatment.This paper describes the methodology and basic content of the standard,hoping to providing a reference for medical institutions to carry out relevant work.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Isodon ternifolius extract on Toll -like receptor 4（TLR4）/nuclear factor - κB（NF-κB）/NOD-like receptor protein 3（NLRP3）pathway in hepatic stellate cells and hepatocytes . METHODS Using primary hepatic stellate cells and primary hepatocytes of rats as subjects ，inflammatory injury model was induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS，100 ng/mL）. Using colchicine （1 μmol/L）as positive control and TLR 4 inhibitor（TAK-242，1 μmol/L）as reference ，the contents of transforming growth factor -β1（TGF-β1），α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA），type Ⅰ collagen（COL-Ⅰ），COL-Ⅲ in the supernatant of hepatic stellate cells ，and the contents of alanine aminotransferase （ALT），aspartate aminotransferase （AST），interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and IL -18 in the supernatant of hepatocytes were detected after intervention with I. ternifolius extract（1 mg/mL）. The mRNA expressions of TLR 4，inhibitor α of NF -κB（IκBα），NF-κB p 65，NLRP3，Gasdermin D （GSDMD），apoptosis-associated speck -like protein containing CARD （ASC） and protein expressions of TLR 4， phosphorylated I κBα（p-IκBα），NF-κB p 65，NLRP3，GSDMD，ASC in the above cells were determined . RESULTS Compared with LPS model group ，the contents of TGF -β1，α-SMA， COL-Ⅰ and COL -Ⅲ in the supernatant of hepatic stellate cells and the contents of ALT ，AST，IL-1β and IL -18 in the supernatant of hepatocytes were significantly decreased ；the mRNA expressions of TLR 4，NF-κB p 65，NLRP3，GSDMD，ASC and the protein expressions of TLR 4，p-IκBα，NF-κB p 65，NLRP3，GSDMD，ASC in the two kinds of cells were significantly down - regulated，and the mRNA expression of I κBα was significantly up -regulated in all administration groups （P＜0.05）. Compared with TLR 4 inhibitor group ，the improvement of most of above indexes was more significant in the TLR 4 inhibitor+I. ternifolius extract group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUTIONS I. ternifolius extract could inhibit the activation of TLR 4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway， reduce the release of fibrosis factors and inflammatory factors ，alleviate the inflammatory injury of liver cells ，and inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells ，so as to protect liver cells and resist liver fibrosis .