OBJECTIVE:To analyze the blood drug monitoring results of vancomycin and clinical administration behavior and then to provide a clinical reference for its rational utilization. METHODS:We retrospectively collected the blood drug monitoring results of vancomycin and drugrelated information from July 2007 to October 2008 in our hospital. These data were from the electronic clinical pharmacy workstation and initial written case history. RESULTS:Among the 76 cases,non-clinical significant results due to doctor’s irregular manipulation in collecting blood sample accounted for 32.89%. In renal failure group,the rate of peak concentration above the effective blood concentration range was 44.46% . Every patient was averagely administered 21.85 kinds of drugs mainly by intravenous injection during vancomycin application. Clinical response rate of vancomycin was 65.00%. CONCLUSION:During the blood concentration monitoring of vancomycin,we should take clinical need into consideration,collect blood samples rightly,consider the factors such as special pathophysiologic status of patients,drug combination,and adjust the dosage timely.

OBJECTIVE To learn the situation of cephalosporins used in our hospital,and offer the scientific guidline base for their clinical use.METHODS Statistics methods were used to analyze dosage,sales volume and DDDS of cephalosporins during 2003-2007.RESULTS The usage of the first generation cephalosporins was reduced year by year,but the third generation of compoands cephalosporins and their oxef cephalosporins occupied the main places.The DDDs of cefoperazone/tazobactam usage ranked second for three years(2005-2007),and at the same period their DDDs consumption got top.CONCLUSIONS The situation of the usage of cephalosporins in our hospital is reasonable basically,but more attention should be payed to the usage of the third cephalosporins and their compounds and oxefs.

Objective:To analyze the situation of immunosuppressants utilization of renal transplantation inpa- tients in our hospital.Method:The records and relevant data of 98 case of renal transplant inpatients during 2005 were col- lected,and analyzed according to drug cost and defined daily dose(DDDs)ranking.Result:The average age was(42.50?10.56)a,the average drug cost was(18745.36?7603.86)yuan,the average inmunosuppressant cost was 13456.58 yuan,and all the drug utilization indicators(DUI)were≤1.Conclusion:The analysis shows that the inmunosuppressant utilization rate was high and the inmunosuppressant utilization by renal transplant inpatients was basically rational.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the economic benefits of pharmaceutical care after hospital drug price addition has been cancelled. METHODS: To analyze the way to create economic benefits from hospital pharmaceutical services in China by drawing experiences from developed countries. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Canceling of hospital drug price addition is conducive to the increase of the status of pharmacists. Medical institutions can profit from extending pharmaceutical services.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the role and function of hospital preparations.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the utilization of hospital preparations in our hospital from July 1,2005 to June 30,2006.RESULTS:A total of 158 kinds of hospital preparations were used in our hospital,with their sales value totaling RMB 10.025 3 million,representing 1.13% of total drug sales.The top 10 selling hospital preparations accounted for 72.2% of all hospital preparations in sales value.A difference was seen in use of hospital preparations by outpatient and inpatient departments.CONCLUSIONS:Hospital preparations are indispensable for routine diagnosis and medication despite their small proportion in sales value of total drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the drug utilization of traditional Chinese medicine injections in our hospital so as to provide scientific basis for clinical rational use of traditional Chinese medicine injections.METHODS:The data of annual consumption and total consumption of traditional Chinese medicine injections in our hospital during 2001～2006 were calculated,and the DDDs and the daily average costs of traditional Chinese medicine injections were analyzed statistically.RESULTS: The annual consumption of traditional Chinese medicine injections showed an increasing trend in our hospital during 2001～2006,with the consumption sum of the top 10 traditional Chinese medicine injections showing a higher proportion,which had a great impact on the total consumption of traditional Chinese medicine injections.Moreover,the rank ratios were less than one for both consumption sum and DDDs of those drugs with high average daily costs.CONCLUSION: Great importance should be attached to the DDDs of traditional Chinese medicine injections and the post-marketing reevaluation for traditional Chinese medicine injections should be intensified.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the antimicrobial therapeutic schemes in appendectomy inpatients so as to(evaluate) the economic impact factors of each project.METHODS Totally 286 medical cases of appendectomy inpatients were chosen and analyzed from 2003 to 2005.The antimicrobial agent costs of each scheme were evaluated by(using) cost minimization analysis of pharmacoeconomic method.RESULTS There were 24 kinds of antimicrobial therapeutic schemes used by 286 cases.The commonest schemes were nitrodazoles + ?-lactams and nitrodazoles + ?-lactams + aminoglycosides(or clindamycin). The drug costs were 1671.46 and 1977.13 yuan(RMB)(individually) in combination of two or three kinds of antimicrobial agents.Choosing metronidazole instead of ornidazole could reduce drug fee significantly,which was also observed in choosing ceftazidime instead of other ?-lactams.CONCLUSIONS The antimicrobial drug utilization in our hospital is rational as a whole.Considering of economic factors,using metronidazole and ceftazidime(administering clindamycin if necessary) may be better than other schemes for prventing wound infection.

Objective:To analyze the hospitalization expenses in inguinal hernia inpatients under the single-disease payment standard of medical insurance.Method:A retrospective study was performed to analyze the data of inguinal hernia patients who received inguinal herniorrhaphy in 2006.According to the regulations worked out by the Beijing Medical Insurance Affairs Administration,32 cases were selected and their medical costs were characterized.Result:The average hospitalization expense in inguinal hernia patients was 5722.37?2967.66 yuan,including surgery cost(45.6%) and drug cost(26.7%).The surgery cost level depended on the selection of various hernia prosthetic mesh and the drug cost depended on the selection of various anti-infective drugs.The hospitaliztion expenditures were lower in 18 cases than the payment permission in the medical insurance standard but higher in the other 14 cases.The sex composition,surgery cost, drug cost and laboratory cost showed a significant difference between the two groups(P

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clinical pharmacists to carry out drug-interaction - related pharmaceutical care.METHODS:Taking the pharmaceutical care encountered by our full - time clinical pharmacists in clinical practice as example to discuss the approach for clinical pharmacists to carry out drug - interaction - related pharmaceutical care so as to avoid the adverse effects induced by drug interactions.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Only through participating in the clinical work and familiarizing the actual medication and the problems existed can clinical pharmacists achieve advantage compensation with medical staff,make full play of their expertise and provide pharmaceutical care of high added value.

OBJECTIVE:To analyse the correlation between cyclosporine A(CsA)and the biochemical indicator of renal transplantation patients.METHODS:The patients were divided into6groups according to the different time length after renal transplatataion:0y～1y,1y～2y,2y～3y,3y～4y,4y～5y and above5y;the blood samples were taken12h after oral administra?tion of CsA,the of concentration CsA in blood of each group was determined and the biochemical tests of which were taken;post-operation medication and the correlation between the blood biochemical index were statistically analyzed by Stata soft?ware.RESULTS:The dosage of CsA decreased gradually from group1to group6,and the concentration of CsA also de?creased.And the data of BUN in group1,5and6were higher than the upper limit of their standard data,the data of triglyc?eride(TG)in group1,2,3,5and6were higher than the upper limit of their stand data;there were significant differences in the data of TP、ALB、TB、DB、Ua、TC、TG、?-GT among the6groups,while the data of ALP、ALT、AST、Glu、BUN、Cr among the6groups have no notable difference.CONCLUSION:The administration of CsA after renal transplantation can change bio?chemical indicator in patients.