To expatiate upon the characteristics of systematization and refinement in medical English curriculum planning,to visualize the developing strategies of curriculum construction,and trying to probe into the formula in medical English teaching and learning.

This article evaluates the necessity and possibility of endoscopic surgery training in medical undergraduates and designs a simple,suitable platform and exercise for the training.

To analyze the clinical characteristics,complications and management of Brucellosis.As a retrospective review,23 patients with Brucellosis admitted into Peking University First Hospital over a 10-year period were reviewed.Most of them were middle-aged males.Common presenting clinical manifestations included high fever,sweating,arthralgia and headache.Splenomegaly was more common than hepatomegaly.There were liver injury (n =15),transient proteinuria (n =6),secondary hemophagocytic syndrome (n =2) and renal failure with infective endocarditis,pneumonia with infective endocarditis,renal abscess (n =1).Most of them were treated effectively with combination therapy.The clinical features of Brucellosis are both complicated and atypical.

[Objective] To observe the effect of Zhuyun Decoction on immune sterility rats.[Method] Set up groups of normal saline,model,Zhuyun Decoction and prednisone,make models of every group by injecting subcutaneously suspension of sperm and Fu's adjuvant,etc.into female SD rats along the groin,NS into normal saline group.After 4 weeks,the groups of normal saline and model take NS,Zhuyun Decoction for Zhuyun Decoction group,prednisone for prednisone group.After 2 weeks,they are closed together with male ones.Before the first immune and 1 week after strengthened immune,take blood and measure AsAb with ELISA method,measure the immune integral of IgG and IgA in uterus tunica intima with SABC method;meanwhile,compare the pregnant rats and average nidation points in all groups.[Result] In the Zhuyun Decoction group,the pregnant rats and nidation points are much more that other groups;Zhuyun Decoction can reduce IgG and IgA integral in uterus tunica intima.[Conslusion] Zhuyun Decoction has definite effect on immune sterility rats,whose mechanism may be related with regulation of IgG and IgA integral in uterus tunica intima.

Objective To investigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)on acute myocardial functional lesion after severe craniocerebral injury.Methods Sixty five examples with severe craniocerebral injury are collected in the 253th hospital of PLA from February in 2009 to May in 2012,of whom glasgow coma scale was low or equal to 8 points.They are examined creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),cardiac troponin T(cTnT),TNF-αand IL-6 for correlative analysis while they are emer-gency treated at the same time.Results The myocardial function of the observe group examined results:CK-MB(198.63±37.72) U/L,cTnT(548.17±49.58)pg/mL;injury factors examined results:TNF-α(39.93± 18.88)ng/mL,IL-6(469.61 ±73.66)ng/mL.It both has evidently difference between the control group and the observe group and has obviously correlation between the my-ocardial function and injury factors of the observe group (P <0.01),and they were positively correlated.Compared TNF-α,IL-6 in observe group,CK-MB(r>0.911 4)and cTnT(r>0.942 1)had statistically significant difference.Conclusion TNF-αand IL-6 all participate in the process of the acute myocardial functional lesion after severe craniocerebral injury.The inchoate interference and treatment against TNF-αand IL-6 are possible to have inhibited the high expression of TNF-αand IL-6 in the blood and to improve the myocardial functional lesion after severe craniocerebral injury.

Objective To make a comparison between noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) and invasive blood pressure (IBP). Method Totally 450 patients undergoing selective surgery received radial artery or dorsalispedis artery puncture and catheter under local anesthesia to figure out the difference between NIBP and IBP. Results The systolic blood pressure difference of IBP from different positions and NIBP were as follows:left radial artery group (18.20 ± 0.67, 15.27 ± 0.62) mmHg, right radial artery group (18.54 ± 0.79, 14.68 ± 0.77) mmHg, left foot dorsal artery group (41.98 ± 2.26, 40.54 ± 1.77) mmHg and right foot dorsal artery group (37.57 ± 0.01, 37.93 ± 2.90) mmHg. The noninvasive systolic blood pressure difference between left and right arms was (2.84 ± 0.45) mmHg, the noninvasive diastolic blood pressure difference (3.19 ± 0.34) mmHg, and the noninvasive mean blood pressure difference (2.85 ± 0.35) mmHg. The NIBP of right arm was higher than that of left arm. Conclusions IBP is higher than NIBP, and the invasive artery systolic blood pressure is about 20mmHg higher than noninvasive systolic blood pressure. Meanwhile we confirm that systolic blood pressure gradually rises over 30 years old, and diastolic blood pressure increases while gradually declines after 50.

0.05).In1?g/kg dosage group,no neutralizing activity was detected at the end of convalescent period.CONCLUSION:The neutralizing antibodies can be detected in the serum of both hamsters and rhesus monkeys after repeating injection of recombinant consensus interferon?.The titers of antibody are in direct ratio with the duration and the injected dose.

Objective To observe effects of angieminⅡ(AngⅡ)and captopril on outward potassium channel currents in canine atrial myoeytes,and to study mechanisnof Ang II and capupril on atrial arrhythmia.Method Ten healthy adult mongrel dogs(general class),weighing 15 to 20 kg,male and female informality,were provided bythe service centre of Tianjin Li-qun experimental animals.Single canine atrial myotcyte was acutely isolated and whole-cell configtmtion of the patch-clamp tchnique was used to detec trapidly activating delayed reefifier outward K+ current(Ikr),slowly activating delayed recti fier outward K+ current(Iks),ultra-rapidly aetivatin delayed rectifier outward K+ current(Ikur)and transient outward potassium current(Ito)before and after An II and captopril peffion.Software of pClamp 7.0 for windows and pClampfit 7.0 Was used to measure current and data were expressed as mean±standard deviation(x±s).SPSS 10.0 statistical was used for statistical analysis.The paired t test was useel for comparison betwn before and after treatment.P<0.05 was comidered as statistical significance.Results AngII(0.5/mol/L)increased Ikr and Iks,ilfibited Ito[(19.54±2.41)pA/pF vs.(24.83±2.52)pA/pF,P=0.001;(20.69±2.29)pA/pF Vfl.(25.59±3.42)pA/pF,P:0.0003;(6.34±1.93)pA/pF vs.(3.71±1.50)pA/pF,P=0.001)],and had no effect on k[(19.78±1.22 pA/pr Vs.(20.39±1.50)pA/pF,P=0.258)].Captopril(5tot/L)had no significant effect on Ikr.,b.k and[(19.11 4-4.91)pA/pF vs.(18.99 4-4.04)-∥pF,P=0.808;(20.76 4-2.89)pA/pF vs.(20.27 a-3.46)pA/pF,P=0.305;(18.50 4-3.78)pA/pF vs.(18.25 4-4.02)pA/pF,P=0.704;(7.31±1.99)pA/pF vs.(6.89±2.12)pA/pF,P=0.136)].Conclusioas AngⅡmay promote atrial electrical remocof atrial fibrillation through outward potassium currents.As angiotemin-eonverting enzy/ne inhibitor.captioruk can prevent atrial electrical rodding of atrial fibrillation by inhibiting renin-angiotensin-system.

Objective To investigate the reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) features of mycosis fungoides (MF).Methods Four male and two female patients with MF,who were aged 7-73 years with a clinical course of 1-5 years,were collected from June 2011 to May 2012 in the department of dermatology.Of the six patients,two were in patch stage,three in plaque stage,and one in tumor stage.All the cases were confirmed by histopathological,immunohistochemical and relevant examinations.For each patient,three lesions were selected and investigated using RCM,and one of the three lesions was subjected to histopathological examination.Results RCM features of MF included hyperkeratosis,disarray of honeycomb of stratum spinosum,reduced refractivity of dermal papillary rings,roundish or round scattered hyperrefractive cells in the epidermis,infiltration of a small quantity of inflammatory cells in the papillary dermis.Occasionally,some round to oval hyporefractive cells aggregated to form vesicle-like structures.These RCM features correlated well with histopathologic findings.Conclusion Combined with clinical manifestations,RCM may serve as a noninvasive auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of MF.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of low-dose platelet glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa antagonist tirofiban on preventing reocclusion during mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for in situ thrombosis(IST).Methods It is a retrospective cohort study, and 112 patients treated with MT, from the Nanjing Prospective Stroke Registration, were enrolled from February 2014 to October 2014. During MT, if angiography after a successful recanalization(defined as Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction(TICI) 2b/3) showed residual stenosis at the site of occlusion, additional angiographies were made every 10 min for 30 min.Then, if angiography displayed reocclusion in the corresponding vessels, a repeat recanalization was operated, followed by a low dose intra-arterial tirofiban infusion. MRA or CT angiography (CTA) was implemented to identify intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) 5-7 days after the procedure. The patients with confirmed ICAS were enrolled in the IST group. The rest were enrolled in the non-in situ thrombosis (NIST) group.Results A total of 80 patients with acute cerebral infarction were enrolled in the study. IST rate was 32.5%(26/80).All IST patients were confirmed ICAS by follow-up vascular imaging. Instant reocclusion after successful recanalization was significantly more common in the IST group(57.7%(15/26) vs 3.7%(2/54);χ2=30.568, P=0.000) than in the NIST group.In the case of the efficacy and safety of low-dose intra-arterial tirofiban infusion, 82.6%(19/23) of the reocclusion patients eventually accomplished TICI 2b/3, the rest 17.4%(4/23) of the cases were intractable to the procedure and needed rescue stent implantation.The modified Rankin Scale scores in patients infusing tirofiban were superior to the unused patients in 90 days. There was no patient with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after the procedure. Conclusions Patients with IST have higher cerebrovascular reocclusion rate during MT. After MT, low-dose intra-arterial tirofiban infusion may prevent reocclusion, and the prognosis is better.