AlM: To study an approach to visual acuity correction after intracapsular cataract extraction by phase - ll intraocular lens implantation through the individualized arcuate keratotomy.
METHODS: For demonstration, 48 postoperative patients ( 50 eyes ) receiving the intracapsular cataract extraction were gathered up. Each patient received a scleral tunnel major incision along the radial line of the maximum corneal refractive power determined by a cornea curvimeter, and a arcuate keratotomy was made opposite to the major one; through the major incision an iris-claw intraocular lens is implanted. Each patient was measured for their corneal astigmatism and uncorrected visual acuity before and after the surgery.
RESULTS: The results suggested the average corneal astigmatism before the surgery and that 3d, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after the surgery as+3. 18±0. 68,-1. 56±0. 73,+0. 87± 0. 51, + 1. 21 ± 0. 70, + 1. 33 ± 0. 68 and + 1. 48 ± 0. 48 respectively. The uncorrected visual acuities 3d, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after the surgery are 0. 5±0. 38, 0. 56±0. 23, 0. 55± 0. 24, 0. 52±0. 28 and 0. 51±0. 25 respectively.
CONCLUSlON: Phase-ll intraocular lens implantation witharcuate keratotomy is helpful to improve the postoperative visual acuity and reduce preoperative corneal astigmatism after the intracapsular cataract extraction aphakic eyes, lt is also a low-cost surgery, and easy to perform, with minor surgical injuries, particularly available for surgical visual acuity correction of the aphakic eye receiving intracapsular cataract extraction.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the ideal method for correction of vermilion deformity in congenital cleft lip.

METHODSFrom Mar. 2010 to Jan. 2013, 68 cases with congenital cleft lip underwent vermilion deformities correction with composite skin-vermilion triangle fap and functional reposition of orbicularis oris muscle.

RESULTSPrimary healing was achieved in all the patients. 46 cases were followed up for 3 months to one year. Asymmetric thickness of vermilion and tubercle malposition happened in 8 cases. All the other patients had a satisfactory result with symmetric and fluent cupid' s bow and everting tubercle.

CONCLUSIONWell reposition of orbicularis oris muscle is key for correction of vermilion deformity and tubercle reconstruction. This technique is very simple and practical.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lip ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo determine the optimal position of hypoglossal nerve in hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis and the eligibility of hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis with the cervical loop.

METHODSThe cervical course and adjacent structures of the hypoglossal nerve were observed on 21 adult cadavers. The hypoglossal nerve and facial nerve were taken from 3 fresh specimens, and the number of the fasciculus and the cross-sectional area of the nerve were measured.

RESULTSThe facial nerve trunk were monofascicular with a cross-sectional area of 5.1-/+0.2 (range 4.6-5.7) mm(2). The number of the fasciculus and the cross-sectional areas of the nerve trunk and the fasciculus were 1.6-/+0.8 (range 1-4) mm(2) , 7.5-/+0.7 mm(2) (range 6.8-8.0) mm(2), and 4.7-/+0.6 (4.1-5.5) mm(2), respectively, at the proximal segment of the hypoglossal nerve, 3.6-/+0.5 (1-5) mm(2) , 5.6-/+0.5 (4.9-6.1) mm(2) , and 1.6-/+0.4 (0.9-2.2) mm(2) at the distal segment, and 2.4-/+0.8 (1-3) mm(2), 1.1-/+0.7 (0.6-2.2) mm(2), and 0.5-/+0.3 (0.3-1.2) mm(2) at the cervical loop.

CONCLUSIONThe cervical loop is inadequate for facial nerve anastomosis and the proximal segment is large enough to allow partial harvesting of the hypoglossal nerve for neurotisation of the facial nerve.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Cadaver ; Facial Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypoglossal Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Nerve Transfer ; methods

OBJECTIVETo describe the design and application of cluster randomized controlled method on typhoid Vi vaccine trial, and to assess the effect of implementation.

METHODSSimple size calculation of cluster-randomized trial was used to determine the sample size of the two groups and a vaccination campaign was conducted. The study group was given typhoid Vi vaccine and the control group was given meningococcal A vaccine.

RESULTSAccording to sample size calculation, a total sample of 96,121 participants was required and the study areas were divided into 108 clusters. In practice, 53 study clusters with 44,054 participants and 54 control clusters with 48,422 participants were stratified and matched according to size, location (urban or rural), characteristics (school, department, factory, demography) were randomized respectively. Confounding factors of two groups including age, sex, resident area, income, level of education were compared. It was found that the ratio of all confounding factors between the two groups were comparable and balanced.

CONCLUSIONConfounding factors can be better controlled between study group and the control group by applying cluster-randomized method on vaccine trail which enabled the intervention to be more scientifically evaluated; The implementation of cluster randomization trial was simple and easy to be accepted.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cluster Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Vaccination ; organization & administration ; Middle Aged ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial ; immunology ; Typhoid Fever ; prevention & control ; Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines ; immunology ; Vaccination

Diemailing~® Kudiezi Injection( DKI) is widely used in the treatment of cerebral infarction,coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. Long-term clinical application and related research evidence showed that DKI has a good effect in improving the clinical symptoms of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However,this injection has not been included in any clinical practice guideline. It has been found that the use of DKI is in wrong way in clinical practice in recent years. Therefore,clinical experts from the field of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases nationwide are invited to compile this expert consensus in order to guide clinicians.GRADE system is used to grade the quality of evidence according to different outcomes according to degrading factors. Then it forms the recommendation or consensus suggestion through the nominal group method. The formation of expert consensus mainly considers six factors: quality of evidence,economy,efficacy,adverse reactions,patient acceptability and others. Based on these six aspects,if the evidence is sufficient,a " recommendation" supported by evidence is formed,and GRADE grid voting rule is adopted. If the evidence is insufficient,a " consensus suggestions" will be formed,using the majority voting rule. In this consensus,the clinical indications,efficacy,safety evidences and related preliminary data of DKI were systematically and comprehensively summarized in a concise and clear format,which could provide valuable reference for the clinical use of DKI. This consensus has been approved by China association of Chinese medicine which is numbered GS/CACM 202-2019.
Angina Pectoris ; drug therapy ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; China ; Consensus ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Injections ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional