AIM:To evaluate the effect of all capsule polishing with polishing mode for decreasing the occurrence of posterior capsular opacification( PCO) .
METHODS: Totally 194 eyes ( 162 patients ) were performed phacoemulsification, posterior chamber intraocular lens were implanted. One hundred eyes were performed with all capsule polishing with polishing mode;94 eyes were performed with the polishing apparatus.
RESULTS:The patients were followed up for 12mo. Six eyes ( 6. 0%) of PCO were found in the 100 eyes with polishing mode group; 15 eyes ( 16. 0%) of PCO were found in the 94 eyes with the polishing apparatus group. The difference was significant (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: It can decrease the occurrence of PCO by performing all capsule polishing with polishing mode.

AIM:To observe the clinical curative effect of different duration of retinal vein occlusion ( RVO ) by laser photocoagulation treatment, discuss the timing of the RVO laser photocoagulation treatment, provide the basis for clinical choice of RVO photocoagulation treatment time.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis. Line selection retinal laser photocoagulation treatment for 103 cases (103 eyes) with RVO, patients were divided into three groups according to the onset time. In group A (46 eyes), course≤ 1mo, 28 eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion ( BRVO ) , 18 eyes with central retinal vein occlusion ( CRVO);30 eyes were ischemic RVO, 16 eyes were non-ischemic RVO. In group B (38 eyes), 1mo RESULTS: The best corrected visual acuity improved rate, retinal hemorrhage, macular edema, absorption, macular center concave thickness decreased of patients with different course after RVO photocoagulation treatment, the early group was better than that of the late, non-ischemic RVO was better than that of ischemic RVO, laser photocoagulation treatment effect BRVO was better than that of CRVO and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:RVO laser photocoagulation in the early intervention treatment can accelerate the retinal hemorrhage, macular edema, absorption, effectively protect the patient's existing vision, improve the long-term vision, and has a certain clinical practical significance.

AIM:To introduce a new method of guiding by using 3D-OCT to treatment central serous chorioretinopathy ( CSCR) with multiwavelength laser.
METHODS:Twenty-three cases ( 23 eyes ) typicality central serous chorioretinopathy were collected in July 2010 to July 2013 in Changchun Aier Eye Hospital, using 3D-OCT model locate central serous chorioretinopathy leakage point and photocoagulation treatment with multiwavelength laser. Postoperative follow-up of 24wk, the postoperative vision and macular area retina neuroepithelial layer detachment height were observed.RESULTS: Twenty-three cases ( 23 eyes ) of central serous chorioretinopathy patients by the 3D-OCT guided multiwavelength laser treatment vision after 24wk of follow-up compared with before treatment. there was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) . Visual improved obviously after treatment. OCT macular area before and after the treatment on macular area retina neuroepithelial layer detachment height ( P<0.05 ) . OCT macular area before and after the treatment of macular area retina neuroepithelial layer detachment height significantly decreased, slurry apparent absorption. Except 1 case lost visitors, 23 cases ( 23 eyes ) with central serous chorioretinopathy did not see the whole body or eye local adverse reactions occur.
CONCLUSION: 3D- OCT guided by multiwavelength laser treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy and under the guidance of FFA in the central serous chorioretinopathy laser treatment have the same curative ratio, has certain clinical value.

Objective To explore the biological exposure limit of liver dysfunction induced by arsenic-coal burning, and screen sensitive biornarkers for its' liver dysfunction monitoring. Methods One hundred and eighteen subjects from the exposed area and 50 control from non-pollution area were studied. Their urinary and hair contents of arsenic were tested as exposure biomarkers by Ag-DDC assay. Total bile acid(TBA, detected by enzymatic cycling method), glutathione S-transferase (GSTs, detected by chemical colorimetry) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT, detected by colorimetry of diazotization reagent) were used as biomarkers indicating liver cell damage. were used as liver fibrosis biomarkers. The benchmark dose (BMD) and the lower confidence limit of benchmark dose(BMDL) of urinary and hair arsenic were calculated. Sensitivity of each biomarker was estimated according to the BMD and BMDL value. Results The geometric mean of urinary and hair arsenic(98.50 mg/kg Cr, 7.42 mg/kg) μg/L) in the exposed group were significantly higher than urinary and hair arsenic (22.98 mg/kg Cr, 1.28 mg/kg) and each biomarker in the control group(4.63 μmol/L, 13.76 U/L,36.45 U/L,54.62 μg/L,74.45 μg/L,54.81 μg/L, P<0.01). Significant dose-effect relationship existed between urinary and hair arsenic contents and each biomarker. BMD and BMDL value of urinary arsenic was 49.53-101.96 mg/kg Cr and 39.02-70.15 mg/kg Cr, respectively. Those of hair arsenic were 3.04-5.02 mg/kg and 2.36-3.25 mg/kg, respectively. According to BMD and BMDL value of urinary and hair arsenic, the sensitivity of biomarkers decreased in the order of GSTs, TBA and Conclusions According to the lowest BMD and BMDL of urinary and hair arsenic, averaged reference value of urinary and hair arsenic in the local normal population, we suggest urinary 35.0 mg/kg Cr and hair 2.5 mg/kg as their biological exposure limits for those with liver dysfunction induced by arsenic-coal burning. GSTs, TBA, γ-GT and HA, Ⅳ. C, PC-Ⅲ can respectively reflect liver cell damage and liver fibrosis caused by arsenic-coal burning in different degrees, among which, GSTs and HA are the most sensitive biomarkers respectively for liver cell damage and liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the expressions of plasma membrane calcium ATPasel (PMCA1) of human lens epithelial cell B-3 (HLEB-3) at both mRNA and protein levels in the presence and absence of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation.Methods HLEB-3 was cultured in RPMI 1640 medium,and the cytotoxic effect of different concentrations of ZnO (0 μg · mL-1,2.5 μg · mL-1,5.0μg · mL-1,10.0 μg · mL-1) on HLEB-3 was investigated in the presence and absence of UVB irradiation.DAPI staining was used to monitor the effect of ZnO on HLECB-3 nuclei,and cell apoptosis was evaluated using annexin V-FITC/PI staining in the presence and absence of UVB irradiation.In addition,the intracellular calcium ion (Ca2 +)levels were assayed using Fluo-3/AM staining,and the expression levels of both PMCA1 mRNA and protein within HLEB-3 were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results DAPI staining showed that the ZnO-treated HLEB-3 displayed a concentration-dependent apoptosis,and UVB irradiation could further aggravate the cytotoxic effect of ZnO on HLEB-3.In addition,in the presence of UVB irradiation,concentration gradient of ZnO (2.5 μg · mL-1,5.0 μg · mL-1,10.0 μg · mL-1) increased the intracellular calcium ion levels [from (156.34 ±4.59) nmol · L-1 to (173.88 ±7.17)umol · L-1,(289.02 ± 9.09) nmol · L-1,(488.36 ± 48.16) nmol · L 1,respectively] and upregulated HLEB-3 apoptosis,with statistical difference (all P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the expression level of PMCA1 in the 2.5 μg · mL-1,5.0 μg · mL-1,10.0 μg · mL-1 ZnO-treated epithelial cells was accordingly 0.75,0.57 and 0.41 as much as that in the 0μg · mL-1 ZnO-treated cells in the absence of UVB irradiation (all P ＜ 0.05),and was accordingly 0.64,0.24 and 0.09 in the present of UVB irradiation,with significant difference (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Both ZnO nanoparticle and UVB irradiation can exert cosuppression effect on HLEB-3 via calcium-mediated signaling pathway,indicating it has great potential for the treatment of posterior capsular opacification with UVB irradiation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of in vitro proliferation of rat Leydig cells by modifying the cell culture system.

METHODSLeydig cells were isolated from three-week-old rats by a procedure combining collagenase dispersion, stainless steel mesh infiltration and differential adhesion. The isolated cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 and modified media for stem cell proliferation, and the proliferation of the cultured cells was evaluated by cell counting and MTP test. The expression of 3beta-HSD in the cultured cells was detected by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, and testosterone productivity in the isolated Leydig cells with or without hCG stimulation was determined at 2 hours and 4 days after cell isolation.

RESULTSThe Leydig cells cultured in the modified media proliferated actively, with a doubling time of (2.26 +/- .31) days, as compared with (16.32 +/- 2.14) days for those cultured in the traditional media (P <0.05). The 3beta-HSD positive rate in the cultured cells was (554.3 +/- 7.1)% after 2 hours and (93.6 +/- 4.6)% after 4 days of culture. All the proliferated cells exhibited testosterone productivity, and their testosterone secretion was significantly upregulated by hCG stimulation (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONLeydig cells isolated by differential adhesion proliferate actively in the modified culture media.

Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Leydig Cells ; cytology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Testosterone ; secretion

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of thermochemotheraphy on the expression of HSP70 in maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODS12 patients were treated with thermochemotheraphy twice a week, altogether 10 times. After 8 mg of Pingyangmycin infused, the patients were treated with microwave hyperthermia at 43 degrees C for 40 min. The part of carcinoma tissue was removed with surgical operations at before treatment and aftre five times of treatment. The expression of HSP70 in tumor cells was determined by SP immunohistochemcial method.

RESULTSThe expression of HSP70 in tumor cells was enhanced obviously by thermochemotherapy.

CONCLUSIONSpecial high expression of HSP70 in the tumor cells was induced by thermochemotherapy. With the antigen presenting action and other action, HSP70 have special antitumor effect.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Humans

Objective To comparatively analyze the changes of environmental risk factors in 9 years in an area polluted by arsenic coal-burning in Xingren County of Guizhou Province,in order to provide evidence for reasoning the occurrence and development as well as its effective prevention and control.Methods Epidemiological sampling methods was used to conduct follow-up investigation on 181 arsenism patients who were diagnosed in 1998 in arsenic polluted area.Control group included 65 residents who lived far from polluted area of 12 km.The follow up investigation included age,sexuality,family economic situation,time of use or stop use of arsenic coal, ventilation of the room,desiccation of food etc.Diethyl dithiocarbamate silver(Ag-DDC)method was used to detect arsenic content of coal,soil,air,water and rice,corn,chili;Single factor and multivariate factors non-conditional Logistic regression models were used to analyze exposure factors of patients and related environmental risk factom, and the differences of those in 1998 and 2006 were compared. Results The arsenic content in indoor and outdoor air,coal,chili and corn went down from 0.0880 and 0.0220 mg/m3,397.20,45.07 and 2.64 mg/kg in 1998 to 0.0790 and 0.0070 mg/m3,93.01,3.46 and 1.50 mg/kg in 2006. Arsenic contents of other samples were less than national standard. The analysis of single factor and multivariate factors non-conditional Logistic regression showed that time of using high arsenic coal,age,fluorosis and smoking(x2 = 50.159,12.195,37.69,6.358,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ) were still the main risk factors for arsenism,while family economic situation was still influential factors (X2 = 4.614,P ＜ 0.05);Ventilation of the room changed from a risk factors at 1998 to an influencing factors at 2006(X2 = 38.093,P ＜ 0.01 ). Single factor non-conditional Logistic regression model analysis showed that food desiccation by arsenic coal-burning and educational level were no longer risk and influencing factors,while food preservation and gender had become influencing factors(x2 = 17.463,11.004,all P ＜ 0.01 ) nine years after. Conclusions Environmental arsenic pollution in arsenism area in Guizhou Province has been obviously improved after nine years. However,the continued existence of low doses of arsenic pollution is still a major cause of failure of controlling arsenism. Time of using high arsenic coal,age,smoking,fluorosis,family economic situation and ventilating room are closely related to the occurrence and the development of arsenism. Prohibition of use of high arsenic coal,furnace improvement,health education and economic development are effective measures

Objective To investigate the changes of cognitive impairment and its correlated factors in patients with first acute cerebral ischemic stroke.Methods Five hundred and sixty-eighty patients,admitted to our hospital from July 2010 to June 2011 and met the diagnostic criteria of first acute cerebral ischemic stroke,were chosen in our study; neuropsychological evaluation was conducted within 1 week of acute cerebral ischemic stroke.The comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation battery included mini-mental state examination (MMSE),Digit span,Mattis dementia scale,Rey complex figure test,stroop test,World Health Organization and University of California-Los Angeles auditory verbal learning test,semantic category verbal fluency test and clock drawing test,which contained tests for memory,attention,executive function,information processing capability,visuospatial and visuo constructive functions.Gender,age,histories of hypertension and smoking,and levels of blood pressure,random blood glucose,fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose,cholesterin,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-C (HDL-C) were noted and the relations between cognitive function and both blood sugar and blood lipid levels were analyzed.Results (1) The abnormal rates of these patients in MMSE,Mattis dementia scale,attention deficit disorder,immediate logical memory disorder,delayed logical memory disorder,instant auditory memory disorder,delayed auditory memory disorder,visual memory disorder,executive function disorder,information processing disorder,and visuospatial and visuo constructive disorder were 78.2％,72.5％,26.5％,56.3％,60.9％,74.6％,98.2％,83.8％,62.7％,4.9％ and 77.7％,respectively.In patients with different blood glucose levels,significant differences were found on scores of MMSE,Mattis dementia scale,attention scale (P＜ 0.05); furthermore,the scores ofMMSE,Mattis dementia scale,attention scale in patients with impaired fasting glucose were obviously lower as compared with those in other groups (P＜0.05).The scale of above cognitive domains showed no significant difference in patients with different types of hyperlipidemias (P＞0.05); the scores of execution ability and visual space structure capability in patients with HDL-C were higher than those in normal density lipoprotein-C and LDL-C (P＜0.05),and the higher level of density lipoprotein-C,the higher scores of visual space structure capability (P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis found that the total MMSE scores were associated with gender,age,and levels of fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose; the independent risk factors of executive function were gender,age and HDL-C level; the ability of memory was correlated with age and HDL-C level.Visuospatial and visuo constructive function was associated with gender,age and mRS scores; the information processing ability was only correlated with HDL-C level.Conclusion In patients with acute cerebral ischemic stroke,the cognitive impairment is extensive and severe,with a prevalence of about 75％,mainly having disorders in memory,executive ability,spatial structure; glucose levels,especially impaired fasting glucose level show most obvious influence in cognitive impairment;HDL-C level helps keep normal cognitive function; age,gender,HDL-C level are the most important factors of cognitive function.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of high-dose ulinastatin on the vital organs in patients undergoing total arch replacement for type A aortic dissection.

METHODSBetween September 2014 and March 2016, 66 patients with type A aortic dissection underwent total arch replacement at our center. Thirty-six of the patients received ulinastatin treatment at 300 000 U/8 h from admission to 3 days postoperatively and at 300 000 U/2 h during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (UTI group), and the other 30 patients did not receive perioperative ulinastatin treatment (control group). The surgical data and blood biochemistry profiles on days 1, 3, and 5 postoperatively were compared between the two groups, and the postoperative ICU stay, re-operation for bleeding, ventilation for over 7 days, ultrafiltration for postoperative renal failure, tracheotomy, incidences of pulmonary and neurological complications and hospital death were also compared.

RESULTSs The operating time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, ACP time, cardiac arrest time, the lowest rectal temperature and frequency of bilateral and unilateral antegrade selective cerebral perfusion were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with those in the control group, patients in UTI group had lower lactate, S-100 and neuron specific enolase levels on the first postoperative day and higher OI on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th postoperative days (P<0.05), but serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total bilirubin, and alanine aminotransferase levels were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). No significant differences were found in the frequency of re-operation for bleeding, ultrafiltration for renal failure, tracheotomy, neurological complications or hospital death after the operation between the two groups, but the patients in UTI group had a shorter ICU time, a less frequent long-term ventilation and a lower incidence of pulmonary infection (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONHigh-dose ulinastatin offers protection on pulmonary function and lowers the specific brain injury markers in patients with type A aortic dissection after total arch replacement, but its protective effects on brain is uncertain.

Aneurysm, Dissecting ; surgery ; Aorta, Thoracic ; surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; surgery ; Body Temperature ; Brain ; drug effects ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Glycoproteins ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Lung ; drug effects ; Perfusion ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Postoperative Period ; Protective Agents ; therapeutic use ; S100 Proteins ; blood ; Time Factors