Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Obesity ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery

Adipocytes ; chemistry ; Blood Vessels ; Cytokines

It has been proved recently that insulin signal transduction pathway and insulin resistance exist in islet?-cells.Defects in insulin signaling of the?-cells decrease glucose-stimulated first-phase insulin release, inhibit proliferation of?-cells and promote apoptosis of?-cells.Obesity accelerates the development of insulin resistance of?-cells,which may play a central role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

China ; Occupational Health Services ; methods ; organization & administration

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of light therapy combined with fluoxetine on winter attack depression.Methods68 patients of winter attack depression were divided randomly into the treatment group and control group with 34 cases in each group. Patients of the treatment group were treated by bright white light combined with fluoxetine (20 mg/d), but cases of the control group were treated only with fluoxetine. Therapeutic effects of two groups were evaluated with BDI, HAMD, and SCL-90 scales and traditional evaluation.ResultsPatients of the treatment group had a better effect than that of the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionLight therapy combined with fluoxetine has a good short and long term effect on winter attack depression, and can prevent from recurrence.

OBJECTIVETo introduce a new procedure for repairing coronal or subcoronal hypospadias with severe chordee.

METHODSA modified technique of elongating the anterior urethra, combined with the MAGPI procedure, was used to repair the coronal or subcoronal hypospadias in 19 severe chordee patients (aged 5 to 12 years). The fibrous bands on the ventral aspect of the penis were excised to correct the chordee. If the penile curvature still remained, the corpora cavernosa dissection and elongation could be applied.

RESULTSAll of the patients were successfully treated by this procedure in one stage.

CONCLUSIONSThe modified technique of the anterior urethra elongation, combined with MAGPI procedure, might be one of the simple and effective method for repairing coronal or subcoronal hypospadias with severe chordee.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Male ; Penile Diseases ; surgery ; Penis ; surgery ; Urethra ; surgery

Objective To investigate the protein level of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1 B) during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and the effects of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and rosiglitazone on the expression of PTP1B during the differentiation,and to explore the relationship between PTP1B and adipecyte differentiation.Methods 3T3-LI preadipecytes were cultured in vitro and differentiated by three groups of inducers: basic inducers only (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine+dexamethasone+insulin,group C),20?g/L TNF-?+basic inducers (group CT) and 10~(-5) mol/L rosiglitazone+basic inducers (group CR).Protein level of PTP-1B in adipocytes during differentiation was detected by Western blot.Results Each group showed the relatively high level of PTP1B in 3T3-L1 preadipecytes,going down with the differentiation of adipecytes,and reaching the lowest level in fully-matured adipecytes.Comparing the late period of differentiation in these three groups,CT group was sluggishly differentiated with more PTP1B protein,and CR group showed active differentiation with the lowest level of PTP1B.Conclusion PTP1B decreases with the differentiation of adipoeytes.The effects of TNF-?and rosiglitazone on insulin sensitivity perhaps partly via their influences on PTP1B level in adipecytes.

Objective To investigate the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase(PTP)1B in pancreas of obese rats induced by high fat diet.Methods Twenty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group on regular diet(n=10),and obesity model group on high fat diet(n=10).After twelve weeks,fasting serum insulin,blood glucose,triglyceride,total cholesterol,epididymal fat weight were measured and the histomorphological change in liver were observed;glucose tolerance test and insulin releasing test were performed; The protein expression of PTP-1B in pancreas of rats was determined with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.The phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1)and insulin receptor(IR)were detected by immuno-precipitation.Results(1)The insulin sensitive index was significantly decreased in the high-fat-diet rats compared with the normal rats(0.36?0.18 vs 0.91?0.28,P

Objective:To observe the expression changes of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B)mRNA and protein during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes,so as to explore the relationship between PTP1B and adipocytes differentiation.Methods:3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured in vitro and were induced to differentiate into mature adipocytes; the differentiation of adipocytes was assessed through detecting expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 2(PPAR?2)mRNA by RT-PCR and oil red O staining.Expression of PTP1B in adipocytes was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot during differentiation.Results:With the progression of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation,oil red O staining showed that the lipid droplets increased gradually to 90% of the vision field;meanwhile,the expression of PPAR?2 also increased gradually, suggesting the proliferation and maturation of the preadipocytes.The expression of PTP1B mRNA and protein decreased in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with their differentiation and maturation;the expression reached the lowest level in mature adipocytes. Conclusion:Expression of PTP1B mRNA and protein decreases during the differentiation of preadipocytes,indicating a role for PTP1B in the maturation of adipocytes.