ER, PR, HER-2 are signiifcant biological markers in guiding the choice of treatment and evaluating clinical prognosis. As the progression of tumor cells, the expressions of these receptors in recurrent tumors may be different from primary tumors. Nowadays clinicians have realized the necessity of receptor detection in the metastatic lesions. This article summarized the current research status on the above issues.

Along with the increase of the population having malignant tumors with time,the effective treatment strategy is far behind the clinical needs. There are significant individual variation in terms of treatment response and toxic profile with the same chemotherapy regimen. Therefore,the research about the occurrence and the individualized treatment of malignant tumor is one of the current hot topics. cytochrome P450(CYPs) is part of I metabolism enzymatic system,and also is the most rich in content,the most widespread in distribution and has the broadest substrate spectrum in nature. This article reviews the relationship between cytochrome P450 and the occurrence and treatment of malignant tumors.

Retrovirus (RV) is the most widely used vector for gene transfer, but its efficiency is very low for human cells. A Flow-through Transduction System made in General Hospital of PLA was used to deliver interleukin-12 RV vector into human leukemia cell line K562. Compared with static procedure, the efficiency could be significantly improved,and detected by clony forming units (CFU) for NeoR gene in semisolid culture medium with G418 (83.1%±3.9% vs 9.2%±2.3%, P＜0.01). No significant difference was found in the levels of IL-12 p70 protein expression detected by ELISA, by flow-through transducted cells without G418 selection and by statically-transducted cells with G418 selection (11.3±7.5ng/ml vs 12.0±6.4ng/ml, P>0.05), while statically transducted cells without G418 selection could express very low IL-12 (0.1±0.024ng/ml，P＜0.01)。The Flow-through Transduction System is efficient and easy for use, it can be widely used in research and clinic of gene therapy.

Retrovirus (RV) is the most widely used vector for gene transfer, but its efficiency is very low for human cells. A Flow-through Transduction System made in General Hospital of PLA was used to deliver interleukin-12 RV vector into human leukemia cell line K562. Compared with static procedure, the efficiency could be significantly improved,and detected by clony forming units (CFU) for NeoR gene in semisolid culture medium with G418 ( 83.1%?3.9% vs 9.2%?2.3%, P0.05), while statically transducted cells without G418 selection could express very low IL-12 (0.1?0.024ng/ml,P

Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the brain.Although through standardized treatment,including the largest range of surgical resection and subsequent radiotherapy and chemotherapy,the morbidity and mortality is still high,so we need a new treatment.The oncolytic virus antitumor concept was mentioned in the early 20th century,which is a kind of antitumor virus,people found that cancer patients infected with certain viruses,the tumor was gradually disappeared.With the development of Molecular Biology,Immunology,Virology and Genetic Engineering,oncolytic virus becomes a new method of tumors treatment,which attracts more and more researchers' attention,so we made an overview in the antitumor principle of oncolytic virus and its clinical application in the treatment of glioma.

Neurologic complications are rare but devastating events after scoliosis surgery; a thorough preoperative work-up and effective intraoperative monitoring of the spinal cord may reduce the incidence. This review discusses the incidence, preoperative work-up, intraoperative monitoring, and managing strategies for neurologic complications of scoliosis surgery.

C57BL/6 synergistical mice were divided into 4 groups (10 mice each). The first group was negative control without any interference. Each mouse in the other 3 groups was subcutaneously inoculated with 1 10 6 wide type (wt) EL4 tumor cells. Then each group was treated either with interleukin 12 (mIL 12) in vivo vaccine or NeoR control vaccine or PBS(positive control group) on day 1, 7, 14, 21, on the same place where wt EL4 tumor was inoculated. mIL 12 in vivo vaccine and NeoR control vaccine were package cells which can produce retrovirus (RV) with mIL 12 or NeoR gene, the vaccine was 60 Co irradiated and injected (1?10 7 cells/mouse). All mice in positive group and NeoR control group died of tumors in a month, while 5/10 mice in mIL 12 in vivo vaccine groups survived without tumors for more than 60 days. The 5 survived mice were rechallenged with 5?10 5 wt EL4 cells, 3/5 mice even survived without tumors for another 60 days. Among the mice with tumors in vivo vaccine group mice, compared with the controls, the development of tumors was delayed ( P

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3(FGFR3)plays important roles in cell proliferation,diffe rentiation,and angiogenesis.Recent studies have demonstrated that FGFR3 is associated with progression of breast cancer and has effects in endocrine therapy resistance breast cancer.It has also been showed that FGFR3 is correlated with breast cancer prognosis.

The process of tumorigenesis,local invasion and distant metastasis will produce a series of molecular changes,these genetic mutation or abnormal expression of molecules play a promoting role in hypercoagulation.At the same time,hypercoagulation also increases the risk of tumor progression.It is important to understand their specific processes and the molecular role,and it can provide theoretical basis for better management of patients,and has significance for developing more effective and security new anti-clotting drugs.

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors characterized by poor survival and lack of targeted therapeutics. In recent years, androgen receptor (AR) has been demonstrated to play an important role in the genesis and development of TNBC. There has been increased interest in the role of AR in TNBC and AR-targeting has been introduced as a novel therapeutic option for TNBC. This review offers an overview of the relationship between AR expression and TNBC, and provides insights into the novel drugs in the development for targeting this signaling pathway.