General/family medicine is a newly established major in medical education to meet the demands in general/family doctors. It is a new educational reform subject for medical schools to enhance the teaching for students in general medicine. Pathophysiology is a bridging course for foun-dational medical courses to be connected to clinical courses, and it is also a required course for med-ical students in cultivating students' critical thinking abilities. In military medical schools, there are certain features in the students. It is quite common to find these students have less desired academic foundation, and they come from different areas in the military units and will go back to certain units upon graduation. In the teaching of the course of pathophysiology, it has been proved that the following methods can help promoting the quality of teaching and learning. These methods include adjusting the teaching contents to emphasize the key points, selecting teaching methods to enhance interactions, and utilizing the advantages of internet and multi-media facilities in case discussions. However, there is still a long way to go to find out better ways in adjusting the course contents to the needs of general medicine education and sequencing the foundational courses in the medical courses.

Objective:To investigate the strategies and methods of pancreatic cancer immunotherapy adopt cytotoxic T lymphocytes activated by dendritic cells(DCs),which modified by heat shock protein 70 peptide complex(HSP70-PC).Methods:HSP70 peptide complex from lumps of tumor-bearing mouse innoculated with pancreas cancer cell(MPC83)were purified by ConA-Sepharose and ADP-Agarose affinity chromatography.Dendritic cells derived from normal murine bone marrow were induced by GM-CSF and IL-4.MTT method was applied to analyses the proliferation activities of DCs.To achieve the specific T lymphocyte cells,DCs modified with HSP70 peptide complex were coculture with murine spleen lymphocytes for 48 hours.Then these activated lymphocytes were cocultured with MPC83 at ratio of effect-target 10∶1 and 20∶1 in vitro and the killing activities were detected by MTT method.Results:High purify HSP70-PC was obtained;104 DCs need 50～100ng of HSP70-PC to modify,100?g of HSP70-PC peptide complex can be extracted from per 1g lump;T cells stimulated by HSP70-PC modify DCs showed more specific cytotoxic activity to MPC83 than lymphocytes activated by DCs without HSP70-PC in vitro.Conclusion:We can extract high purity HSP70-PC for clinical individual immunotherapy from pancreatic cancer lump by using hypobaric affinity chromatography;DCs vaccine modified with HSP70-PC has significant kill effect against pancreatic cancer cell in vitro.

AIM: To investigate effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat. METHODS: Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was recorded with model 6280 physiology intelligentialize grapher, nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET) concentrations in plasma were measured after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or following LPS ,ANP was injected into vein in rats. After experiment,lung water as well as pulmonary histopathological changes was measured and observed, respectively. RESULTS: Administration of LPS elicited a persistence decrease in MAP (8.1 kPa?2.6 kPa,at 4 h,P0.05); The histopathological of lung displayed markedly improved. CONCLUSION: ANP attenuates ALI induced by LPS in the rat. The effect of ANP may be via decreasing secretion of ET,NO and regulation arterial blood pressure. [

Objective　To investigate the expression of HGF and TGF-α and their receptor, Met (HGF receptor) and EGFR (TGF-αreceptor) mRNA, in the regenerative liver/hepatocytes after 70% partial hepatectomy (70% PH) in noncirrhotic biliary obstruction rats. Methods　Wistar rats were divided randomly into N-PH group, BDO-RBF-PH group and BDO-RBF group. The expression of HGF/Met mRNA and TGF-α/EGFR mRNA was measured by RT-PCR in the liver/hepatocytes at the time point of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after 70% PH or RBF. Results　In N-PH group, the expression of HGF/Met mRNA increased sharply and peaked at 6 h, and maintained at a high level until 24 h after 70% PH. In BDO-RBF-PH group however, the expression of HGF/Met mRNA increased slowly and peaked at 12 h after 70% PH. The peak level was lower in BDO-RBF-PH group than in N-PH one. The expression of TGF-α/EGFR mRNA increased sharply and peaked at 24 h after 70% PH in N-PH group. However, the expression of TGF-α/EGFR mRNA elevated slowly and peaked at 48 h after 70% PH in BDO-RBF-PH group with a lower peak level than that in N-PH group. Conclusion　The expression of HGF/Met mRNA and TGF-α/EGFR mRNA in the regenerative liver/hepatocytes after 70% PH decreases significantly in noncirrhotic biliary duct obstruction rats. There is a tendency that the expression of HGF mRNA and TGF-α mRNA is less than Met mRNA and EGFR mRNA.

AIM:To investigate effect of hypoxia on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) a nd phenotype of cardiac fibroblasts(CFs). METHODS: The purif ied cardiac fibro blasts were cultured and divided randomly into there groups :control group, mode rate hypoxia(MH) group and severe hypoxia(SH) group. After 72 h,MTT method was u s ed to investigate the proliferation of CFs, and the ultrastructure of fibroblast s were observed with transmission electron microscopy The expression of PCNA a n d ?-actin in cardiac fibroblasts were measured by the means of immunohistochemi s try and laser scanning confocal microscopy, respectively. RESULTS: MTT A 490 nm value of MH group was significantly higher than that of control group by (18 4?25 0)% ( P

Objective To evaluate the immune reconstitution of HIV-1 infected individuals after long-term highly antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods Twenty-five HIV-1 infected individuals receiving HAART, 17 without HAART and 15 healthy controls were included in the study. CD4 +T, CD8 +T,CD8/human leukocyte antigen DR (HLADR) + T, CD8/CD38 +T cells, and the expression of CD127 on CD3 +T cells from peripheral blood samples were measured by flow cytometry. IL-7 in peripheral blood was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbort assay (ELISA) in HAART group. t test was performed to compare the measurement data among the groups. Results Before HAART, the count of CD4 + T cells in HIV-1 infected group was lower than that of the healthy control (t =9. 12, P ＜0. 01 ), while the counts of CD8 + T,CD8/HLADR+T, and CD8/CD38 +T cells were higher than those of the healthy control (t = 4.48, 4.89 and 3.88, P＜0. 01 ). Ater 7 years' antiviral therapy, CD4 +T cells increased, CD8 +T cells decreased, but both of them didn' t reach to the normal levels ( t = 2.66 and 2.43, P ＜ 0.05 ). While the counts of CD8/HLADR+T cells and CD8/CD38 +T cells almost reached to the normal levels (t = 0. 86 and 1.39, P ＞0.05). Before HAART, the concentration of IL-7 in HIV-1 infected group was higher than that in healthy controls (t =5.31, P ＜0.01 ). It decreased with HAART, but was still higher than the normal level (t =2. 81, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The expression of CD127 on CD3 + CD8 + T cells in non-HAART group was significantly lower than that in healthy control ( t =- 6.01, P ＜ 0.01 ), while that in HAART group was higher ( t = 2.32,P ＜0.05), but still not reached to the normal level ( t = 4.49, P ＜ 0. 05 ). CD127 expression on ( CD45RA + ) CD3 + CD8 + T cells almost increased to the normal level ( t= 0. 28, P ＞ 0. 05 ), while that on ( CD45RO + ) CD3 + CD8 + T cells was still remarkably lower than the normal ( t = 4. 86, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Long-term HAART can partially restore the count and function of lymphocyte subsets in HIV-1 infected individuals, and the abnormal immune activation can be inhibited.

OBJECTIVETo prepare a single chain antibody (ScFv) of mAb SZ-21 against platelet GPIIIa for its future clinical application.

METHODSThe expression vector pET20b-SZ-21ScFv was constructed and the fusion protein was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) PlysS. The activated fusion protein was obtained after a series of purification steps, including cell breakage, inclusion body solubilization, His-bind resin affinity chromatography and protein refolding.

RESULTSThe fusion protein yields were up to 21% of the total amount of bacteria protein. The ScFv fragment could inhibit ADP-induced platelets aggregation in a dose-dependent manner in vitro and the maximal inhibition rate was obtained at a concentration of 20 micro g/ml. It also reacted with endothelial cells as detected by flow cytometry. Moreover, the ScFv fragment was able to inhibit the binding of fibrinogen to platelet.

CONCLUSIONThe SZ-21ScFv fragment had the activity to inhibit platelets aggregation and the binding of fibrinogen to platelet, being potentially useful for the treatment of thrombotic diseases.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Fibrinogen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fragments ; pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

Objective: To investigate the expressions of miR-144 and lncRNA DNAJC3-AS1 in breast cancer tissues and their effects on chemo-resistance of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Methods: A total of 196 pairs of breast cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues collected between January, 2012 and December, 2016 in Department of Oncology, 3201 Hospital were used for this study. The relative expressions of DNAJC3-AS1, DNAJC3 and miR-144 in collected tissues were determined using qPCR, and their impact on the survival of BC patients was also analyzed. The targeted binding relationship between DNAJC3-AS1 and miR-144 was verified by Luciferase reporter gene assay. DNAJC3-AS1 over-expression plasmid and miR-144 mimics were transfected into MCF-7 cell lines respectively, and qPCR was used to verify the transfection efficiency. The effects of DNAJC3-AS1 and miR-144 overexpression on proliferation and cisplatin sensitivity of MCF-7 cells were verified by CCK-8 assay. Results: DNAJC3-AS1 and its host gene DNAJC3 were highly expressed in BC tissues (all P<0.01), and these two were positively correlated (r=0.451, P<0.01); in addition, patients with high expressions of DNAJC3-AS1 and DNAJC3 had a shorter survival period (all P<0.01). miR-144 was highly expressed in BC tissues (P<0.01) and negatively correlated with DNAJC3-AS1 (r=-0.524, P<0.01). The average over-expressionfold for DNAJC3-AS1 was 13.47 (P<0.01), while the fold for miR-144 was 20.27 (P<0.01). Bioinformatics analysis and fluorescence reporter gene assay confirmed that DNAJC3-AS1 could specifically bind to miR-144. MCF-7 cell lines over-expressing DNAJC3-AS1 and miR-14 were successfully constructed; compared with control group, cells in DNAJC3-AS1 over-expression group exhibited significantly enhanced proliferation and reduced cisplatin-sensitivity (all P<0.01), while the cells in miR-144 over-expression group showed significantly enhanced drug sensitivity (P<0.01). Conclusion: miR-144 and lncDNAJC3-AS1 were highly expressed in BC tissues, miR-144 promotes cisplatin sensitivity of BC MCF-7 cells through targeting DNAJC3-AS1.