Objective To investigate the effect of maximal sterile barrier precaution during deep venous/arterial catheterization on preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI)in patients in the department of critical care medicine.Methods 996 patients who were hospitalized in Beijing Friendship Hospital and underwent deep ve-nous/arterial catheterization from September 2011 to April 2014 were analyzed retrospectively,patients were divided into standard sterile barrier precaution group (SSB group,September 2011-December 2012,n=560)and maximal sterile barrier precaution group (MSB group,January 2013-April 2014,n=436)based on whether they received maximal sterile barrier precaution,incidence of CRBSI and mortality were compared between two groups.Results There was no statistical difference in constitute of intubation sites between patients in SSB group and MSB group(χ2=6.750,P=0.08).The incidence of CRBSI per 1000 catheter days in SSB group and MSB group were 2.41‰(1.64‰-4.02‰)and 1.91‰(0‰-4.56‰)respectively,rank test revealed no significant difference(Z=-0.057, P>0.05);24 (4.29%)patients in SSB group and 26(5.96%)patients in MSB group developed CRBSI,difference between two groups was not statistically significant(χ2=1.447,P>0.05).The mortality in SSB group and MSB group were (18.43±5.53)% and (11.68±4.14)% respectively,independent sample t-test revealed that difference was significant(t=3.907,P<0.05).Conclusion Maximal sterile barrier precaution did not reduce the incidence of CRBSI.

Dental education in United Kingdom has been amongst the best in the world with years of experience.General Dental Council (GDC) is the sole competent authority for dentistry in the UK.GDC produces guidance on dental education and lead the inspections and monitoring for dental schools.Postgraduate Dental Deans are responsible for the provision and quality management of the education and training of dental graduates during 2 years' foundation training and 3-5 years' specialty training.There are similarities between UK dental education system and Chinese system in school education and continuing education.It is worthy of reference for the dental education in China in terms of the training system of dental residents and specialists in the United kingdom.

[Abstratc] Objective The function of cIAP1 in the progression of ovarian cancer has not been clarified . This study is to explore the involvement of cIAP 1 in regulating biological behaviors of ovarian cancer cells by u-sing RNA interference(RNAi)technology.Mte hods The short hairpin RNA plasmid targeting cIAP1 was con-structed and transfected into Skov 3 cells.The levels of cIAP1 mRNA and protein were investigated by RT -PCR and Western Blot respectively .MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cell proliferation and apopto-sis.R esults The rate of cIAP1 transfection was 74.7%performed by flow cytometric analysis .cIAP1 expression was significantly down -regulated at both mRNA and protein levels ,which resulted in a decrease of cell prolifera-tion and invasion capability in vitro .Conclusion This study implies that cIAP 1 might play an important role in the progression of ovarian cancer ,and it could be a potential target for therapeutic anti -cancer drugs .

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Tongfu granules(通腑颗粒) on the gastro- intestinal dysfunction in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods: The trial was prospective,multi-centric and clinically controlled.One hundred and forty patients with MODS who had been selected were randomly divided into two groups: mosapride citrate group and Tongfu granules group.Respectively at 0 hour,the 48 th hour,the 7 th day or before death, the following scoring systems were calculated: the intestinal dysfunction score,acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ((APACHEⅡ)) score and Marshall score.The duration of mechanical ventilation,hospitalization in intensive care unit(ICU) and the prognosis within 28 days were recorded.Results: After treatments,the intestinal dysfunction score,(APACHEⅡ) score and Marshall score of all patients decreased,at the same time,the therapeutic effects of Tongfu granules group were more significant than those in mosapride citrate group(P20 scores.The mortality was elevated with the increased number of dysfunction organs.Conclusion: Tongfu granules can ameliorate the severity of the disease situation andimprove the prognosis of patients with MODS.

Objective To prepare an influenza A(H1N1) split-virus vaccine and observe its safe-ty and effectiveness. Methods According to the process for preparing seasonal flu split-virus vaccine two batches of vaccine were prepared with the flu A (H1N1) vaccine virus strain recommended by WHO. The pilot products were tested against the requirements of flu split-virus vaccine. Results The quality of the pi-lot vaccine has been tested by National Control Laboratory and conformed to the requirements. Nine hundred and sixty volunteers received one dose of vaccine containing either 15 μg or 30 μg of hemagglutinin. The re-suits indicated the both seroconversion rate and protection rate were higher the 70%. The GMT of HIAb of the volunteers who received 1 dose of 15 μg increased significantly by 15, 39, 37 and 25 times compared to those before vaccination in the age groups of 3-11, 12-17, 18-59 and ≥60, respectively. And 26, 72, 68 and 36 times rise were found in the postvaccinated volunteers of 30 μg group. The total adverse reaction rates of 15 μg and 30 μg dose group were 29.38% and 43.75%, respectively. The grade 2 adverse reaction rates of 15 μg and 30 μg dose group were 6.25% and 15.42%, and the grade 3 adverse reaction rates of 15 μg and 30 μg dose group were 0.83% and 1.46%, respectively. No serious adverse reactions were found. Conclusion The influenza A (H1N1) split-virus vaccine prepared according to the requirements of season-al flu vaccine is safe and effective.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with bacterial liver abscess during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID－19） in Changchun， China. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 37 411 patients who were discharged from The First Hospital of Jilin University from March 1 to June 30 in 2022， and finally 135 patients with bacterial liver abscess were included for analysis. Related clinical data were collected to summarize their clinical features， and these patients were compared with the patients with bacterial liver abscess in 2019－2021 in terms of disease onset and pathogen. The Kruskal－Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the chi－square test was used for comparison of categorical data between multiple groups. ResultsThe patients with bacterial liver abscess accounted for 0.36% of the patients admitted to our hospital during the same period of time， which showed varying degrees of increase compared with the previous years （χ²=32.081， P<0.001）. The 135 patients with bacterial liver abscess had a mean hospital stay of 11 （6－18） days， which was longer than that in the previous years （H=9.223， P=0.026）. The patients with bacterial liver abscess had higher levels of white blood cell count and C－reactive protein （CRP） than the previous years （H=14.150 and 8.736， P=0.003 and 0.033）. Among the 135 patients， 69 （51.11%） received blood culture， and the results showed sterile growth （59.42%）， Klebsiella pneumoniae （30.43%）， Escherichia coli （4.35%）， Bacteroides fragilis （1.45%）， Enterococcus faecium （1.45%）， Staphylococcus epidermidis （1.45%）， and Klebsiella oxytoca （1.45%）. Among the 135 patients， 90 （66.67%） received pus culture， and the results showed Klebsiella pneumoniae （72.22%）， sterile growth （14.44%）， Escherichia coli （4.44%）， Enterococcus faecium （2.22%）， Pseudomonas aeruginosa （2.22%）， Acinetobacter baumannii （1.11%）， Klebsiella aerogenes （1.11%）， Klebsiella oxytoca （1.11%）， and Enterococcus casseliflavus （1.11%）. Of all 135 patients， 127 （94.07%） were improved and cured after anti－infective therapy and ultrasound－guided abscess puncture and drainage， and 3 patients （2.22%） died during hospitalization. ConclusionDuring the outbreak of COVID－19 in Changchun， there are increases in the number of patients with liver abscess in our hospital， the length of hospital stay， and the levels of white blood cell count and CRP， with Klebsiella pneumoniae as the main pathogen， and most patients are improved after treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Tongxinluo capsules on the use of anti-ischemic drugs in patients with chronic coronary syndrome （CCS） of Qi deficiency and blood stasis. MethodA multicenter，prospective cohort study was conducted，with Tongxinluo capsules intervention as the exposure factor. Patients were divided into an exposed group （combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine） and a non-exposed group （western medicine alone），and followed up for one year. The use of anti-ischemic drugs was observed on the day of enrollment and at 3，6，12 months. ResultA total of 186 patients were enrolled，with 128 in the exposed group and 58 in the non-exposed group. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. At the 3-month follow-up，the types of first-line anti-ischemic drugs used in the exposed group were significantly fewer than those in the non-exposed group （P<0.01），and this difference remained statistically significant at 6 months （P<0.05） but was no longer significant at 12 months. At the 3- and 6-month follow-ups，there were no significant differences between the two groups in the types of second-line anti-ischemic drugs used. However，at the 12-month follow-up，the types of second-line anti-ischemic drugs used in the exposed group were significantly fewer than those in the non-exposed group （P<0.01）. At the 3-month follow-up，both groups showed a reduction in the types of first-line anti-ischemic drugs used compared to baseline （P<0.05），with a more pronounced reduction in the exposed group （P<0.05）. At the 6-month follow-up，the exposed group showed a significant reduction in the types of second-line anti-ischemic drugs used compared to baseline （P<0.05），while no significant changes were observed in the non-exposed group. At the 12-month follow-up，the difference in the types of second-line anti-ischemic drugs between the exposed and non-exposed groups was statistically significant （P<0.05），while there was no significant difference in the types of first-line anti-ischemic drugs. ConclusionTongxinluo capsules can effectively reduce the use of anti-ischemic drugs in patients with CCS of Qi deficiency and blood stasis.

Objective: To investigate the current situation of using virtual simulation technology in undergraduate schools of stomatology in China, analyze the problems and put forward corresponding improvement suggestions. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 672 teachers and 3 849 students in undergraduate schools of stomatology in China. Results : 25.81% of all participants had took part in dental virtual simulation courses, and 37.80% of the participants from “Double First-Class” universities had participated in dental virtual simulation courses. 92.12% of the virtual simulation courses were established for undergraduates. "Traditional course + virtual simulation model demonstration" is the main teaching form of virtual simulation courses. Most of the participants were satisfied with the virtual simulation courses offered by their schools. At present, there are also some deficiencies in the virtual simulation courses, such as lack of teaching resources, insufficient interaction and simulation. Conclusion There is difference in the application of virtual simulation technology in undergraduate schools of stomatology in China. The virtual simulation technology is more widely used in "Double First-Class" universities than in ordinary universities. Undergraduates are the main teaching objects of virtual simulation courses. Stomatological schools in China should pay attention to the development and utilization of virtual simulation curriculum resources by cooperation, enrich the form of virtual simulation courses and strengthen the promotion and application of virtual simulation technology in stomatological education.