Recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine (RecomBvax)- produced by VABIOTECH -National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology was injected into 319 children from 3 to 6 years old living in 3 communes Thieu Long, Thieu Hung and Thieu Hop of Thieu Hoa district, Thanh Hoa province to evaluate quality of the vaccine in clinical. The results showed that RecomBvax vaccine have high safety and have not significant side effect. The incidence of positive immune response of 3 RecomBvax injections is 91,85% with GMT of 350.6mIU/ml while the protective concentration of antibody needed is 10mIU/ml. RecomBvax is highly safe and immunogenic response equivalent with rHbvax in the control group.
Hepatitis B ; DNA, Vaccination

No abstract available.
Animals ; DNA* ; Mice* ; Vaccination*

BACKGROUND: A crucial limitation of DNA vaccines is its weak immunogenicity, especially in terms of eliciting antibody responses in non-human primates or humans; therefore, it is essential to enhance immune responses to vaccination for the development of successful DNA vaccines for humans. METHODS: Here, we approached this issue by evaluating interleukin-7 (IL-7) as a genetic adjuvant in cynomolgus monkeys immunized with multigenic HCV DNA vaccine. RESULTS: Codelivery of human IL-7 (hIL-7)-encoding DNA appeared to increase DNA vaccine-induced antibody responses specific for HCV E2 protein, which plays a critical role in protecting from HCV infection. HCV-specific T cell responses were also significantly enhanced by codelivery of hIL-7 DNA. Interestingly, the augmentation of T cell responses by codelivery of hIL-7 DNA was shown to be due to the enhancement of both the breadth and magnitude of immune responses against dominant and subdominant epitopes. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these findings suggest that the hIL-7-expressing plasmid serves as a promising vaccine adjuvant capable of eliciting enhanced vaccine-induced antibody and broad T cell responses.
Antibody Formation ; DNA ; Humans ; Interleukin-7 ; Macaca fascicularis ; Plasmids ; Primates ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, DNA

In today's medical industry, the range of vaccines that exist for administration in humans represents an eclectic variety of forms and immunologic mechanisms. Namely, these are the live attenuated viruses, inactivated viruses, subunit proteins, and virus-like particles for treating virus-caused diseases, as well as the bacterial-based polysaccharide, protein, and conjugated vaccines. Currently, a new approach to vaccination is being investigated with the concept of DNA vaccines. As an alternative delivery route to enhance the vaccination efficacy, microneedles have been devised to target the rich network of immunologic antigen-presenting cells in the dermis and epidermis layers under the skin. Numerous studies have outlined the parameters of microneedle delivery of a wide range of vaccines, revealing comparable or higher immunogenicity to conventional intramuscular routes, overall level of stability, and dose-sparing advantages. Furthermore, recent mechanism studies have begun to successfully elucidate the biological mechanisms behind microneedle vaccination. This paper describes the current status of microneedle vaccine research.
Antigen-Presenting Cells ; Bacterial Vaccines ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Skin ; Vaccination ; Vaccines ; Vaccines, DNA

BACKGROUND: The usefulness of DNA vaccine at priming step of heterologous prime-boost vaccination led to DNA vaccine closer to practical reality. DNA vaccine priming followed by recombinant viral vector boosting via systemic route induces optimal systemic immunity but no mucosal immunity. Mucosal vaccination of the reversed protocol (recombinant viral vector priming-DNA vaccine boosting), however, can induce both maximal mucosal and systemic immunity. Here, we tried to address the reason why the mucosal protocol of prime-boost vaccination differs from that of systemic vaccination. METHODS: To address the importance of primary immunity induced at priming step, mice were primed with different doses of DNA vaccine or coadministration of DNA vaccine plus mucosal adjuvant, and immunity including serum IgG and mucosal IgA was then determined following boosting with recombinant viral vector. Next, to assess influence of humoral pre-existing immunity on boosting CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity, CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity in B cell-deficient (microK/O) mice immunized with prime-boost regimens was evaluated by CTL assay and IFN-gamma-producing cells. RESULTS: Immunity primed with recombinant viral vector was effectively boosted with DNA vaccine even 60 days later. In particular, animals primed by increasing doses of DNA vaccine or incorporating an adjuvant at priming step and boosted by recombinant viral vector elicited comparable responses to recombinant viral vector primed-DNA vaccine boosted group. Humoral pre-existing immunity was also unlikely to interfere the boosting effect of CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity by recombinant viral vector. CONCLUSION: This report provides the important point that optimally primed responses should be considered in mucosal immunization of heterologous prime-boost regimens for inducing the effective boosting at both mucosal and systemic sites.
Animals ; DNA ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Immunization* ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Mice ; Vaccination

The infections by human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are clearly associated with the subsequent development of cervical cancer. In this study, HPV genotype distribution and prevalence were detected in Korean women from January to December 2008 using PCR-DNA sequencing. A total of 2,562 cervical samples from Korean women having routine Pap smear cytology screening were used. HPV DNA was extracted from cervical swab samples and amplified by PCR in L1 region of HPV. HPV DNA was detected in 23.2% and 65.5% from the groups of normal and abnormal Pap cytology, respectively. The prevalence of high-risk types of HPV had the highest frequency in the <30 year-olds' group (50.6%). The prevalence of HPV in normal, ASCUS, LSIL and HSIL groups was 23.2%, 58.1%, 96.3% and 97.0%, respectively. Moreover, the frequencies of the high-risk types of HPV were 16.2% in the normal Pap cytology, 44.7% in the ASCUS, 76.1% in the LSIL and 94.1% in the HSIL groups. The prevalence of the high-risk types of HPV increased in proportion to the severity of the cytological classification. In the HSIL group, HPV type 16 was the most frequently found at 32.4%, followed by types 58, 53 and 33 at 17.6%, 14.7% and 11.8%, respectively. HPV type 82 was found in 5.6% of the HSIL group and was not detected in the normal Pap cytology group. The frequency of high-risk type of HPV 82 is firstly reported in Korean women. This finding could be an informative basis for the development of future HPV vaccination strategies in Korean women.
DNA ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vaccination

Herpes zoster is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which affects nerve ganglions. VZV infection may be associated with neurologic complications, which are usually observed after vesicular exanthem. Acute aseptic meningitis is a rare complication of VZV reactivation. We report the case of a previously healthy 14-year-old boy who suffered from aseptic meningitis that was attributed to reactivated VZV infection with exanthem; the patient had undergone vaccination against varicella. This condition can be confirmed by the detection of VZV DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient was treated with acyclovir and recovered fully.
Acyclovir ; Adolescent ; Chickenpox ; DNA ; Exanthema ; Ganglion Cysts ; Herpes Zoster ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Vaccination

Animals ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides ; genetics ; immunology ; Arthropod Proteins ; Asthma ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Mice ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology

DNA immunization induces B and T cell responses to various pathogens and tumors. However, these responses are known to be relatively weak and often transient. Thus, novel strategies are necessary for enhancing immune responses induced by DNA immunization. Here, we demonstrated that co-immunization of influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) gene significantly enhances humoral and cell-mediated responses to codelivered antigens in mice. We also found that NP DNA coimmunization augments in vivo proliferation of adoptively transferred antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells, which enhanced protective immunity against tumor challenge. Our results suggest that NP DNA can serve as a novel genetic adjuvant in cocktail DNA vaccination.
Animals ; DNA ; Immunization ; Influenza, Human ; Mice ; Nucleoproteins ; Orthomyxoviridae ; T-Lymphocytes ; Vaccination

Two human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines (Gardasil(R) and Cevarix(TM)) were launched between 2006~2007. Clinical trials have been performed in several countries. However, it takes few decades to measure HPV vaccine efficacy for the protection of cervical cancer. Therefore, several surrogate markers such as seroconversion rate, presence of HPV DNA, and cytological/ histological abnormalities have been evaluated. Until now, long-term follow-up data for 5 years (Gardasil) and for 8.4 years (Cevarix) were available from international trials. However, only seroconversion rate at 4 weeks after vaccination and safety were evaluated in Korea. It is necessary to establish a reference laboratory and long-term follow-up monitoring system for the proper evaluation of HPV vaccines in Korea.
Biomarkers ; DNA ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vaccination ; Vaccines