Paeoniflorin is the main active ingredient of Chinese herbaceous peony. This study is to investigate the protective effect of paeoniflorin (Pae) on acute brain damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. The mice were randomly assigned to the normal control, model control (LPS), as well as groups of paeoniflorin and lipopolysaccharide (Pae + LPS). Then the mice were administered intraperitioneally with normal saline or Pae (10, 30 mg · kg(-1)) once daily for 6 d. One hour after intrapertioneally treatment on the seventh day, each group were injected LPS (5 mg · kg(-1)) to establish the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide inflammation model except the normal group. The mice were sacrificed after 6 h and the brain homogenates were prepared and measured. The malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), succinatedehydrogenase (SDH), Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase were dectected by the colorimetric method. The levels of HO-1 and Nrf2 protein in subcellular fractions of brain tissue were detected by Western blot. The results demonstrated that the administration with paeoniflorin reduced the levels of the MDA production; significantly increase the activities of antioxidant enzyme (SOD and GSH-PX). In addition, paeoniflorin could enhance the total antioxidant capacity, decrease the level of H2O2, and increase the activities of SDH, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase. Furthermore, paeoniflorin can increase the expression of HO-1 and activate the nuclear transfer of Nrf2. Taking together, these findings suggest that paeoniflorin alleviate the acute inflammation in mice brain damage induced by LPS, which is related with its antioxidant effect and improvement of energy metabolism.
Animals ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; genetics ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Monoterpenes ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of isolates from hospitalized patients with hematological disease from 2005 to 2011.

METHODSA total of 1453 bacterial strains were isolated from patients with hematological disease from January 2005 to December 2011. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by micro-dilution method.

RESULTS(1) The majority of the bacterial strains were respiratory passage examples (57.5%). The portage of blood examples in our division (13.60%) was higher than of whole hospital (6.26%), with lower positive rate of bacterial culture (52.37%) than of whole hospital (60.24%). Chemotherapy-induced agranulocytosis was the main reason for hospital infection. 578 (39.8%) bacterial strains were gram positive, and 875 (60.2%) gram negative bacillus. Staphylococcus epidermidis strains and glucose nonfermenters had a tendency of ascensus. (2) Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 72.8% antibiotic resistance. Detection rates of ESBLs in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 18.9% and 10.4%, respectively. (3) No obvious changes of antimicrobial resistances of Staphylococcus and Enterococcus were observed during these years. The Enterobacteriaceae strains showed lowest resistance rates to Carbapenems, next to Cefoperazone/sulbactam and Piperacillin/tazobactam. But the resistance rates of Escherichia coli to Cefepime and Ceftazidime were gradually increasing during the past years. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii of glucose nonfermenters showed lowest resistance rates to Cefoperazone/sulbactam, but the resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Carbapenems increased.

CONCLUSIONSEscherichia coli was the highest in quantity of gram negative bacillus and glucose nonfermenters had a tendency of ascensus. The resistance rates of Escherichia coli to Cefepime and Ceftazidime, Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Carbapenems were gradually increasing in the past years.

Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Infective Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; Cross Infection ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged

Reperfusion is the most effective treatment for acute myocardial infarction, markedly reducing mortality and morbidity. Reperfusion however induces necrotic and apoptotic damages to cardiomyocytes, that were viable prior to reperfusion, a process called myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI). Over the past 30 years, hundreds of experimental interventions (both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic) have been reported to protect the ischemic myocardium in experimental animals; however, with the exception of early reperfusion, none has been translated into clinical practice. The population-based survey assessed men have about twice the total incidence of morbidity and mortality of women, and the sex gap in morbidity tends to diminish after age 45 years. So hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is given to treat the MI/RI, and lots of studies shows that the side effect is greater for estrogen, compared with phyestrogen. In this article, we review the important pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, the prevention and limitations of HRT. And we highlight the mechanism of phyestrogens treatment the MI/RI in experiment. The aim is to provide the theoretically new way of develop the safe and effective products for the researchers.
Animals ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; Phytoestrogens ; administration & dosage ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage

Objective The study was aimed to explore the effect of care bundles on the management of nasal intestine for the cerebral apoplexy patients with dyspinic dysfunction. Methods A total of 102 cerebral apoplexy patients with dyspinic dysfunction, who were administrated with nasal intestine, were recruited in Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province from August, 2016 to June, 2017. Random number table was applied to analyze the separate two groups, experimental group and control group, in which, the patients were administrated with care bundles and usual care. Various parameters, like one-time catheterization, complications of nasal intestine administration, hospital stay, cost and the patients' satisfaction degree, were compared between two groups. Results The success rate of once placed tube in the test group was 78.4％ (40/51), which was significantly higher than that in the control group [54.9％(28/51)], and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.353, P<0.05). The incidence of complications of indwelling nasoenteric tube, including unplanned extubation, reflux aspiration, tube-feeding associated diarrhea, were 9.8％(5/51), 17.6％(9/51), 11.8％(6/51), respectively. All of them were significantly lower than those of the control group, which were 37.3％(19/51), 41.2％(21/51), 31.4％(16/51), respectively, indicating that there was a statistical difference (χ2= 10.679, 6.800, 5.795). The days and costs of hospitalization were (11.0 ± 2.5) d, (9645.35 ± 193.30) yuan, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the control group [(17.0 ± 4.2) d, (12523.79 ± 190.28) yuan], indicating that there was a statistical difference (t=8.767, 10.612, P<0.01). Patients' satisfaction was 90.2％(46/51), which was significantly higher than that of the control group [68.6％ (35/51)]. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=7.256, P<0.01). Conclusions The administration of care bundles for the cerebral apoplexy patients with dyspinic dysfunction can effectively increase the success rate of one-time catheterization, alleviate the complications, and therefore reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia development. In addition, care bundles can remarkably alleviate the medical burden on the patients, shorten the hospital stays and improve the survival quality of the patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore the cardiac function of left and right ventricles in children with bronchial asthma at the acute stage and its association with the disease severity.

METHODSThe cardiac function was evaluated by using the American Acuson 128XP/10 Doppler echocardiography in 24 children with acute severe bronchial asthma and 40 children with acute mild bronchial asthma. Thirty-four healthy children were used as normal controls.

RESULTSThe injury of right ventricle diastolic function was predominant in children with mild asthma, and the right ventricle systolic function was also decreased. The systolic and diastolic function of left ventricle remained normal. In children with severe bronchial asthma, the injury of left ventricle systolic function was commonly seen, and the left ventricle diastolic function and the right ventricle systolic and diastolic function were also damaged.

CONCLUSIONSThe cardiac function damage occurs in children with acute bronchial asthma and may be correlated with the disease severity.

Asthma ; physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Ventricular Function, Left ; Ventricular Function, Right

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the distribution characteristics of the main pathogens of HIV/AIDS patients with wound infections and provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods　The clinical data of 294 patients with positive secretions or pus specimens from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Results　A total of 357 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 294 cases, of which 123 strains of Gram-negative bacilli (G-b), accounting for 34.5%, were mainly Escherichia coli (15.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (3.9%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.6%); Gram-positive bacilli (G+b) 14 strains, accounting for 3.9%; 108 Gram-positive cocci (G+c), accounting for 30.3%, of which 44 strains were coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus (12.3%), Coagulase-negative staphylococci were mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.2%) and Staphylococcus hemolyticus (2.8%); 37 strains of fungi, accounting for 10.4%, were mainly Candida albicans (5.9%); 75 strains of Mycobacterium, accounting for 21.0%, including 41 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (11.5%) and 34 strains of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (9.5%). 52 of the 294 HIV/AIDS patients had mixed infections, accounting for 17.7%. There was significant difference in the distribution of G+c, G-b, mycobacteria and mixed infection among different specimen sources (P<0.05), and there was significant difference in the distribution of mycobacteria among different CD4+T lymphocyte counts (P<0.05). There was significant difference in the level of CD4+T lymphocytes between patients of different ages (P<0.05), and there was significant difference in the level of CD4+T lymphocytes from postoperative incision and other parts (P<0.05). Conclusions　Patients with HIV/AIDS are prone to combined wound infections with various pathogenic bacteria. We should strengthen the research on wound infection in HIV/AIDS patients, and timely send patients with a low number of CD4+T lymphocytes for secretion or pus culture, so as to carry out targeted treatment and improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the association between cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) caused by antiepileptic drugs and HLA-B*1502 allele. Methods In 31 epileptic patients presented to the Epilepsy Clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College between January 2007 and May 2008, 13 had CADR to carbanazepine (CBZ) including 6 with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and 7 with mild maculopapular exanthona (MPE);15 were CBZ-tolerant, and 3 had lamotrigine (LTG)-indueed MPE. All the patients underwent examinations using polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific palmers to analyze HLA -B*1502 allele frequencies, with 30 healthy subjects without a history of using CBZ or LTG as the control. Results HLA-B*IS02 allele frequency was 100% (6/6) in patients with CBZ-SJS, 57% (4/7) in patients with CBZ-induced MPE, and 33% (1/3) in patients with LTG-induced MPE. The frequency was 7% (1/15) in CBZ-tolerant patients and 10% (3/30) in the control subjects. Compared with the CBZ-tolerant patients and the control subjects, the patients with CBZ-induced SJS and MPE had significantly increased HLA -B*1502 allele frequency (P<0.05). Conclusions HLA-B*1502 allele is associated with CADRs to CBZ in epileptic patients.

Objective To evaluate the segmental myocardium of left ventricular wall in patients with myocardial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) by TDI-Q, explore whether the segmental myocardium contractile function is changed or not and determine the myocardial mechanics parameters variation. Methods Thirty-two healthy volunteers and twenty-one patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were included and the standard dynamic two-dimensional tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) of mitral, papillary muscle and apical short axis view were collected in three consecutive cardiac cycles. The mechanical parameters variation and characteristics of systolic radial peak displacement (RD) and time to peak in left ventricle subendocardial, mid-myocardium and epicardial myocardium at different level and segment were analyzed.Results In healthy control group, at left ventricular basal, apical and papillary muscle level, there was no significant difference for time to peak and systolic radial peak displacement (F=0.74, 1.28 and 1.79, all P>0.05). In patients with HCM, time to peak of systolic RD at left ventricular different level was asynchronous. Time to peak of RD in septum at papillary muscle levels and apical lateral wall were longer than those of other segments. In healthy control group, except for apical inferior and lateral wall, RD of subendocardial myocardium was significantly greater than that of epicardial myocardium at different segments (t=-1.903, 4.574,-3.552,-2.614,-1.728,-1.790,-1.836,-2.794 and 2.733, all P<0.05 ). In patients with HCM, RD of subendocardial myocardium was significantly greater than that of epicardial myocardium in posterior wall, septum at basal level and in inferior wall, posterior wall and lateral wall at papillary muscle level (t=-2.305,-2.148, 3.550,-1.182 and-3.602, all P < 0.05). At the same segment, transmural RD of subendocardial and subepicardial myocardium in healthy subjects were greater than that in patients with HCM. In inferior wall, posterior wall, lateral wall and septum at basal level, in inferior wall, posterior wall and septum at papillary muscle level, and in lateral wall and septum at apical level, differences of transmural RD were statistically significant (t=-3.787,-2.983,-4.325,-6.972,-2.352, 2.823,-3.274,-1.338 and-2.857, all P<0.05). Conclusions In patients with HCM, synchrony of left ventricular motion at different level was abnormal and transmural RD of endocardial and epicardial myocardium was decreased, which suggested regional systolic dysfunction. Ultrasound assessment of left ventricular segmental transmural mechanics can further reveal left ventricular mechanical characteristics in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Objective To explore dynamic response of serum lipids and relationship with body mass index(BMI)after fat meal in obese children and adolescents. Methods The subjects were 31 obese children and adolescents (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and 30 controls (BMI