Objective To compare the pharmacodynamics of rocuronium intermittently administered according to body surface area and real body weight and individual differences. Method Forty-two patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled into the body surface area group (BSA group) and the real body weight group (RBW group), with 21 patients in each group. The patients in the two groups were induced with 2ED95 of rocuronium according to body surface area and real body weight (16.64 mg/m2 in BSA group; 0.6 mg/kg in RBW group). Whenever T1 recovered to 10%, a dosage of 0.5ED95 was administred repeatedly for 30 min before the end of the operation. The time of neuromuscular blockade and recovery of muscle relaxation were recorded, and the dosage of rocuronium was also recorded. Results No significant difference in each index of neuromuscular block time-effect was found between the two groups (P > 0.05). The single dosage and maintainance amount of muscle relaxation were less in the BSA group than that in RBW group (P < 0.05). Compared with the RBW group, the single dosage, dosing intervals, pharmacological duration and the time TOFr recovered to 0.7 between the different individuals were less in the BSA group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The intermittent administration of rocuronium can maintain the same clinical efficacy according to body surface area as that according to real body weight , with significantly less dosageand reducing the differences of individuals in blockade time-effect of muscle relaxation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of active carbon nanoparticles to guide breast cancer tiny lymphadenectomy.Methods 50 patients with breast cancer were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups by random number table.Active carbon particle was injected locally to guide the regional lymph nodes dissection in 25 cases as study group,and the traditional method was performed in 25 cases as observation group.Numbers of dissected lymph nodes were compared between two groups.Results The average number of eliminated small lymph nodes in the study group was dramatically more than that in the observation group[(23.60 ±4.61)vs. (14.60 ±5.16),t =3.47,P <0.05].There was significant difference between the study group and the observation group in the small ambulant lymph nodes[(5.80 ±1.49)vs.(2.89 ±1.66),t =2.91,P <0.05)].Conclusion Active carbon injected locally can eliminate not only more small lymph nodes,but also more small ambulant lymph nodes.

Objective To study the effect and methods of orbital septum fat redistribution or autogenous orbital septum granular fat transplantation methods on upper eyelid depression.Methods Blepharoplasty incision was used to cut open musculus orbicularis oculi and septum orbitale horizontally,exposuring orbital fat,the conjunction was relieved between orbit fat envelope and septum orbitale,displaced orbital fat was extended and replaced to the depression region of upper eyelid,and the wound was routinely sutured.For orbital septum fat volume depletion,appropriate amount of granular fat was injected into depression region and put fat backward upto supraorbital margin.Then,resetting orbital septum and closing incision were conducted with suture technique of blepharoplasty.Results Of 48 cases (96 eyes),32 cases was followed-up for 6 to 42 months with mean of 11 months.All cases got ideal outcomes,with smooth and symmetry lid folds,depression of upper eyelid were fixed and no complication occurred.Conclusions Orbital septum fat redistribution or autogenous orbital septum granular fat transplantation can anatomically reduce the fat distribution of upper eyelid.This method is easy and effective to improve the appearance of eyelid.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of local injections of carbon nanoparticle in gastrectomy of stomach neoplasms.Methods Forty cases of stomach neoplasms with local injections of carbon nanoparticle in gastrectomy of stomach neoplasms were as experimental group,and 40 cases of stomach neoplasms with conventional gastrectomy of stomach neoplasms were as control group.The number of removed tiny lymph node and transferred tiny lymph node was compared.Results There was significant difference in the average number of removed tiny lymph node N1,N2,N3 between experimental group and control group (5.120 ± 0.455 vs.2.900 ± 0.245,3.890 ± 0.367 vs.1.750 ± 0.256,1.790 ± 0.224 vs.0.590 ± 0.054)(P ＜ 0.01).There was significant difference in the average number of transferred tiny lymph node N1,N2,N3 between experimental group and control group (1.090 ±0.087 vs.0.430 ± 0.044,0.550 ± 0.052 vs.0.340 ± 0.027,0.410 ± 0.044 vs.0.130 ± 0.013)(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in postoperative complications,mortality and length of hospital stay(P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Carbon nanoparticle in gastrectomy of stomach neoplasms is a simple,safe,easy method,and it has certain supplementary role in conventional gastrectomy of stomach neoplasms.

Objective To observe the effect of nerve growth factor(NGF) on CCL4‐induced hepatic fibrosis in mice .Methods The hepatic fibrosis model was induced by subcutaneous injection of CCL 4 in mice .Thirty female Kunming mice were equally and randomly divided into three groups :fibrosis model group (A) ,NGF intervention group (B) and normal saline control group (C) .At 8 weeks following the initiation of experiment ,the samples were collected to measure ALT ,AST ,TBIL ,ALB by the fully automativ biochemical analyzer ,an the liver fibrosis indices (HA ,LN ,PC Ⅲ ) by radioimmunoassay .The Ishaki scoring system was adopted to assess the severity of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis degree .Results Serum levels of ALT ,AST ,HA and LN in the group A and B were significantly higher than those in the group C (F= 111 .45 ,658 .80 ,157 .43 ,167 .99 ;P< 0 .05) ,the levels of ALT 、AST and LN in the group B were significantly lower than those in the group A (P< 0 .05) .The HE staining ,reticular fiber staining and Masson staining showed that the liver fibrosis degree and the liver tissue inflammation in the group A were most obvious ,the liver tissue inflamation in the group B were significantly alleviated as compared with the group A .No fibrous septum was formed and the fiber tissues were fine and short .No obvious inflammatory cells infiltration and fibers formation were found in the liver tissue of the group C .The scores of liver inflamation grade and fibrosis staging in the group C were higher than those in the group B and C ,moreover the scores of liver inflammation grade and fibsosis had statstical differences among 3 groups (P < 0 .05) .Conclusion NGF can block hepatic fibrosis induced by CCL4 and relieve the liver inflammation .

Objective To evaluate the effects of domestic irbesartan on blood pressure and renal function in the aged with primary hypertension.Methods Renal function,plasma and urine β2 microglob ulin WBS measured and blood pressure was investigated by 24-hour ambulatory blood monitoring in 42 aged with primary hypertension who received domestic irbesartan(1 50 mg/d,followed up every 1-2 weeks.If the effect was not ideal,the dose could be added to 300 mg/d)in 8-week's treatment.Results After the treatment.24 hours recall systolic blood pressure,24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure,mean day systolic blood pressure,mean day diastolic blood pressure,mean night systolic blood pressure,mean night diastolic blood pressure were significantly reduced.At the same time,domestic irbesartan induced a remarkable reduction of plasma and urine β2 microglobulin [(5.9±3.3)μg/L vs(2.6±2.6)μg/L, (811.2±97.2) mmol/L vs(457.6±69.8)mmol/L,respectively].Conclusion The antihypertensive effects of domestic irbesartan can persist for 24-hour and Can reduce urinary protein.

BACKGROUNDKAI1 is a new identified metastasis-suppressor gene whose expression in many types of tumors has been reported. The aim of study is to investigate the role of KAI1 protein in development of lung cancer and its values in predicting the prognosis of lung cancer.

METHODSThe expressions of KAI1 protein were detected in benign pulmonary disease tissue, precancerous disease tissue, lung cancer tissue and metastatic lung cancer tissue in local lymph node using tissue microarray and immunohistochemical method. The relationship between expression of KAI1 protein and clinicopathological parameters of patients with lung cancer was analyzed by Chi-Square test and Fisher exact test.

RESULTSThe positive rate of KAI1 expression was 100.0% in 10 cases of benign pulmonary diseases, 66.7% in 12 cases of precancerous diseases, 24.7% in 89 cases of primary lung cancer and 0 in metastatic lung cancer tissue in local lymph node respectively. The KAI1 protein expression in primary lung cancer tissues had no remarkable relationship with age and gender of the patients and the location of cancer, but had significant relationship with the histological type and differentiated degree of tumor, P-TNM stages and lymph node metastatic status.

CONCLUSIONSThe abnormal expression of KAI1 protein may participate in malignant progression of lung cancer. Its downregulation may promote the invasion and metastasis of tumor cell. Detection of the expression of KAI1 protein may be helpful to predict the prognosis of lung cancer.

Objective To find out a method that is simple and reliable for screening phenylketonuria(PKU) heterzygotes.Methods Detecting and analyzing plasma phenylalanine(Phe) and tyrosine(Tyr) from 101 known-PKU heterozygotes and 2023 married people by means of a high performance liquid chromatograph.Results Significant differences were observed between known-PKU heterozygotes and screening population in plasma Phe, Phe/Tyr and Phe2/Tyr. The values of plasma Phe, Phe/Tyr and Phe2/Tyr from 94.1% known-PKU heterozygotes were higher than +2s of those values from screening population. According to the limits of +2s,81 cases were screened out from the 2023 married people. It was the first time to get the actual heterozygote frequency of 4% from population.Conculsion The biochemical method mentioned above is available for use in screening PKU heterozygotes.

BACKGROUNDIt has been proved that EphB4 and HIF-1α are closely related to the oncogenesis and development of lung cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the biological significances of EphB4 and HIF-1α in lung cancer and their relationship with each other.

METHODSThe expression of EphB4 and HIF-1α was detected in 54 lung cancer tissues and 10 normal lung tissues as control by immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSEphB4 and HIF-1α proteins were detectable in 50.0% and 42.6% of all 54 lung cancer tissues respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05); the positive ratios and the levels of the expressions of EphB4 and HIF-1α proteins were closely related to gross types, differentiations and clinical stages (P < 0.05), but not to histological classification, age, sex and lymph node metastasis (P > 0.05). A highly positive correlation was observed between EphB4 and HIF-1α expression (P < 0.01 ).

CONCLUSIONSOverexpression of EphB4 and HIF-1α may play an important role in the pathogenesis, progression and malignant degree of lung cancer. Detection of EphB4 and HIF-1α expression might be helpful to predict prognosis of patients with lung cancer.

Objective To explore the effect of objective management for indwelling catheter associated urinary tract infection ( CAUTI) in ICU.Methods Patients with urinary catheter in ICU for more than ten days were selected into the study .Totals of 108 ICU patients , as the control group , received routine nursing care during January to December 2012 .And 122 ICU patients , as the objectives management group , received intervention nursing care during January to December 2013 .The CAUTI rate on day three , day seven and day ten of catheter indwelling were compared between two groups .Results The CAUTI infection rate of day three , day seven and day ten in the objectives management group were 4.09%, 22.95%and 36.07%.Those rates in the control group were 11.11%, 51.85% and 75.00%.The differences were statistically significant (χ2 =10.12, 20.44, 59.26, respectively;P<0.01).Conclusions Objective management can reduce the rate of CAUTI and improve the quality of nursing care .