Objective To observe the effect of Fugong Decoction(Decoction for Uterine Restroation) as assistant therapy of medicinal abortion for early pregnancy.Methods The 134 early pregnancy women who were volunteers of medicinal abortion were randomized into a treatment group and a control group with 67 cases in each.The control group was treated with Mifepristone and Misoprostol while the treatment group treated with Fugong Decoction based on these drugs.Totally they were treated for 7 days.The abortion effect,volume of vaginal bleeding,bleeding time,and time of urine human chorionic gonadotrophin(HCG) changed to negative were observed.Results In the treatment group,the time of discharge of gestational sac,volume of vaginal bleeding,bleeding time,time of urine HCG changed to negative,and abortion effect were all better than those of the control group,with significant difference(P

Two hundred and fifty patients with subclinical hypothyroidism ( SCH) and 120 euthyroid volunteers were recruited for the study, SCH patients were stratified into 2 groups according to TSH levels(group A:TSH<10 mIU/ L; group B: TSH>10 mIU/ L). All subjects were examined for clinical characteristics, thyroid profile, lipid profile, and biomarkers of early atherosclerosis. Patients in group B received L-thyroxine replacement treatment to achieve euthyroidism. After 6 months of stable euthyroidism all measurements were repeated. SCH patients had higher levels of total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), carotid artery intima media thickness(CIMT), thromboxane B2(TXB2), and C-reactive protein(CRP) but with lower nitric oxide(NO) level compared with euthyroid subjects. Levels of TC, LDL-C, CIMT, TXB2, and ADMA decreased, and NO level increased significantly after 6 months of euthyroidism. TSH was positively correlated with TC, LDL-C, CIMT, ADMA, and TXB2; and negatively correlated with NO. Based on multivariate regression analysis, TSH was an independent influential factor of CIMT and NO. We conclude that raised TSH is an important risk factor of atherosclerosis in SCH.

Established rat models with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) were divided into three groups:subclinical hypothyroid(SCH),SCH treated with levothyroxine (L-T4),and control group.The L-T4 group displayed lowered total cholesterol and endothelin levels compared with the SCH group[(1.29 ±0.05 vs 2.38 ±0.55) mmol/L,(98.54 ± 32.43 vs 160.62 ±37.25) nmol/L,both P＜0.05].Nitric oxide levels,left ventricular systolic pressure,and blood flow in abdominal aorta were significantly higher in the L-T4 group than those in the SCH group.The results of this study indicate that L-T4 treatment may improve endothclial dysfunction and hemodynamic changes in rats with SCH.

(0.05)).There were 5 cases(4.7%) of upper limb edema and functional handicap in PAL group,and 12 cases(11.7%) of upper limb edema and functional handicap in TAL group,there was a statistical difference between PAL group and TAL group(P

Objective To discuss the possible reasons of contrast agent reflux during transvaginal real-time three-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (TVS RT-3D-HyCoSy),and in order to provide scientific evidences for reducing the contrast agent reflux.Methods The sonographic features of contrast reflux were observed in the images of 167 infertile patients who underwent TVS RT-3D-HyCoSy, and the association of the incidence rate of the reflux with tubal patency,the types of infertility,endometrial thickness,menstrual clean days,abnormal uterine cavity,the history of intrauterine operations,pelvic operations and ectopic pregnancies were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of the reflux during TVS RT-3D-HyCoSy was 41 .3%.The incidence rates of reflux in unilateral patency and bilateral obstruction were 4.929 and 9.21 5 times of that of bilateral patency respectively.The incidence rate of reflux in the secondary infertility cases was significantly higher than that of primary ones(P <0.05).Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the reflux is associated with the tubal patency,the endometrial thickness and the history of intrauterine operations,and none of the other factors.Conclusions TVS RT-3D-HyCoSy could differentiate the images of reflux better;the proper timing of the contrast examination and avoiding the damage of endometrium would reduce the incidence of the reflux.

Objective To investigate the application of radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS)-guided bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs),assess its safety and diagnostic value,and explore the influencing factors.Methods Clinical data of 140 patients who underwent R-EBUS transbronchial biopsy (TBB) and brush biopsy in our department of respiratory endoscopy from January 2015 to March 2017 were collected and retrospectively analyzed in the study.Eighty-three cases were diagnosed as PPLs.The detection rate,ability to locate the peripheral lesions,and influencing factors of EBUS were analyzed.The incidence rate of complications was observed to assess its safety.Results Of the 83 PPLs patients,they were 55 males and 28 females,and at a mean age of 59.81 ± 11.85 years.The total success rate of EBUS-guided bronchoscopic diagnosis was 59.04％ (49/83),and the diagnostic rate was 50.94％ (27/53) for malignant lesions,and 73.33％ (22/30) for benign diseases.The rate of EBUS-TBB (56.92％,37/65) was significantly higher than that of brush biopsy (30.12％,25/83,Chi square =10.76,P =0.001).EBUS-guided diagnostic methods had an accuracy of 60.00％ (45/75),while the EBUS-guided bronchoscopy had a rate of 50.0％ (4/8),but no significant difference was seen between the 2 methods (Chi square =0.03,P =0.87).The sizes of the lesions ranged from 10.0 to 52.4 mm,and the diagnostic yield for PPLs ≤20 mm in diameter (36.84％,7/19) was lower than that for those ＞20 mm (65.62％,42/64,Chi square =5.02,P =0.003).There was no significant difference (Chi square =10.05,P =0.07)in the diagnostic yield for different sites,with that of right upper lobe of 46.15％ (12/26),right middle lobe 100.00％ (8/8),right lower lobe 53.85％ (7/13),left upper lobe 37.50％ (3/8),left lingula lobe 63.64％ (7/11),left lower lobe 70.59％ (12/17).But the detection rate was obviously lower in the upper lobe (22/45,48.89％) than the middle/lower lobe (27/38,71.05％,Chi square =5.02,P =0.003).Of all the 83 patients,74 ones (89.16％) were successfully identified using radial probe EBUS,but the lesions were not found in 9 patients.When the radial probe position was within the target lesion,the diagnostic yield was 81.58％ (31/38),notably higher than that when the probe was positioned adjacent to the lesion (50.00％,18/36,Chi square =8.24,P =0.004).Mild bleeding was observed when performing biopsy under bronchoscope,and no pneumothorax,or other serious complications were observed.Conclusion Radial EBUS is a safe and feasible nethod to accurately identify PPLs and improve its diagnostic rate.EBUS-guided bronchoscopy has higher positive detection rate for PPLs,and is cost saving.The relationship of the probe and the site of lesion is the main factor influencing the diagnostic rate.

Objective To compare the results of TEOAE and DPOAE in the same population of normal newborns, to provide information on choosing appropriate screening tools.Methods A two-steps protocol was taken with the first screening during the first 48 to 72 hours of birth and rescreened from one to two months old if the newborns failed the first screening.For each step of screening, TEOAE and DPOAE were performed simultaneously using AccuScreen hearing screening instrument (Madsen-GN Otometrics, Taastrup, Denmark).A total of 1 062 normal newborns (F/M=508/554) delivered in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were enrolled in this research for the first screening.Infants who failed either TEOAE or DPOAE screening in the first screening were referred to a second screening.Among them, 135 performed both DPOAE and TEOAE in the second step.The newborns who failed the second screening would receive ABR when they were 3 months old.Results In the first screening,the failure rate for TEOAE was 11.0% (117/1 062) and 13.7% (145/1 062) for DPOAE.In the second screening step, the failure rates were 17.8% (24/135) and 20.7% (28/135) for TEOAE and DPOAE, respectively.Chi-square and Fisher's test showed that the failure rates of DPOAE were significant higher than TEOAE for both steps (P<0.001).The agreements between TEOAE and DPOAE were 96.0% and 95.6% for the first and second steps respectively, and the kappa values were 0.817 and 0.857.As to the average time taken to accomplish the screening for one ear, TEOAE was 24±25 s and DPOAE was 40±34 s during the first screening;in the rescreening, TEOAE was 52±41 s and DPOAE was 73±62 s.Paired-t tests showed that the differences between DPOAE and TEOAE testing time were statistically significant (P=0.000) in both screening steps.Finally, 7 newborns (10 ears) were diagnosed conductive hearing loss(except 1 ear was sensorineural hearing loss).Conclusion As a screening tool, TEOAE got lower refer rates and took less time than DPOAE implicating TEOAE a better screening tool for normal neonates.

Objective To study the characteristic of acoustically short latency negative response (ASNR) in auditory brainstem response (ABR) evoked by tone burst in children with hearing loss. Methods ABRs to click and tone burst were recorded from 0～6 years old children with hearing loss using SmartEP auditory evoked potential system. The threshold and latency was analyzed if ASNR was recorded. Results Among all the 80 ears tested, ASNR were recorded in 7 ears (8.75%) when using click, and in 40 ears (50%) when using tone burst. ASNR was most frequently evoked by 1 kHz tone burst (in 37 ears), and 2 kHz (in 25 ears) was the second. Among the ears with ASNR, the lowest threshold of ABR wave V was 65 dB nHL. The lowest threshold of ASNR was 80dB nHL. The latencies of ASNR for 0.5,1,2 and 4 kHz tone burst was 6～8, 5～7,3～5 and 3～4 ms, respectively. The latency decreased along with the increase of intensity. Conclusion ASNR can be recorded while recording tone-burst ABR, but it has no effect in predicting hearing level using the wave V threshold of tone-burst ABR.

Objective To investigate the potential pathogenesis of Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), we performed cDNA microarray analysis to obtain gene expression profile of FCD. Methods Three FCD samples and three normal controls were enrolled. Total RNA of the brain tissues were extracted. The difference gene expressions between FCD group and control group was detected using Affymetrix gene chip. The up and down-regulated genes were confirmed by Real-time PCR. Further, the related signal pathways involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of FCD were predicted by bioinformatics. Result In FCD, two up-regulated genes C21orF2 and AU152162 and 5 down-regulated genes ENPP2, ANLN, IP6K3, UGT8, and AZGP were found. Compared the FCD samples with the normal controls , there were significantly different in all down-regulated genes (P < 0.05), while the up-regulated genes were not (P > 0.05). Using bioinformatics analysis, the ENPP2 , UGT8 , and AZGP1 protein which located in the cell membrane or secreted into the extracellular matrix may be involved in the formation of the myelin sheath and the development of the nervous system by the lipid metabolism and LPA signaling pathway. Conclusion ENPP2, UGT8 and AZGP1 may be involved in pathogenesis of FCD through the process of myelin sheath formation and LPA signal pathway , which warrants further study to know their roles in the pathogenesis of FCD.

Objective To observe the changes of adiponectin (APN),chemerin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) rats,and to clarify the effect of L-thyroxine (L-T4) replacement therapy.Methods Sixty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups via the random number table method:control group (n =10),SCH group A (n =15),SCH group B (n =15),SCH group C (n =15) and L-T4 treatment group (SCH + L-T4,n =10).Rats in groups SCH A,B and C were fed with 5,15 and 20 mg·kg-1·d-1 methimazole (MMI) once daily by gavage.The rats in SCH + L-T4 group were given 20 mg·kg-1·d-1 MMI once daily through gavage,after 8 weeks,6 μg·kg-1· d-1 of L-T4 was intragastrically added (50 μg/tablet) and the model was completed at the 16th week.The levels of serum APN,chemerin and TNF-α were measured via the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.The mRNA and protein levels of APN,chemerin and TNF-α in visceral adipose tissue of 5 groups were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blotting,respectively.Results Compared with the control group [(202.20 + 17.27) ng/L,(143.70 ± 18.46) ng/L,(114.69 ± 4.18) μg/L],the serum chemerin levels in the SCH A,B,C groups were significantly higher [(314.33 ± 16.80),(355.00 ± 17.10),(365.00 ± 11.63) ng/L,P ＜0.05] and TNF-α levels also increased significantly [(222.60 ± 14.13),(279.20 ± 12.79),(288.30 ± 15.89) ng/L,P ＜0.05],and APN levels were significantly decreased [(77.21 ± 3.08),(68.58 ± 2.92),(59.45 ± 2.41) μg/L,P ＜0.05];but compared with SCH group C,the levels of chemerin and TNF-α in the SCH + L-T4 group were decreased [(260.07 ± 10.80),(178.40 ± 10.29) ng/L] and the level of APN [(102.35 ± 3.17) μg/L] was increased (P＜ 0.05).The mRNA and protein levels of APN in SCH A,B,C groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜0.05).The APN mRNA and protein levels in the SCH + L-T4 group were significantly higher than those in the SCH group C (P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA and protein levels of chemerin and TNF-α in the SCH A,B,C groups were higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).However,the mRNA and protein levels of chemerin and TNF-α in the SCH + L-T4 group were significantly lower than those in the SCH group C (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of serum chemerin and TNF-α in SCH rats have increased,and APN levels decreased,but L-T4 can ameliorate these changes.