Objective　To establish the method of noninvasive measuring the new indexes of cardiac functions by echocardiography and illustrate the diagnostic values of the indexes.Methods　By use of simultaneous screen display of echocardiography, phonocardiography and electrocardiography and synchronously monitoring blood pressure (BP) technique, the values of LV end-systolic and end-diastolic long and short- axis dimensions, wall thickness and area sizes,and synchronous BP were measured in the patients with myocardial infarction (MI) of defferent sites and area sizes before and during BP were altered to defferent degrees. The values of maximum elasticity (Emax) and average maximum myocardial elasticity stiffness (maxEav) and ejection blood fraction (EF) were calculated through computer programmed process.Results　The order of values of Emax,maxEav and EF among MI patients of defferent sites was control group>inferior MI group>anterior MI subgroup>multi-wall MI subgroup. Their order among MI patients of defferent area sizes was control group > small area MI subgroup > larger MI subgroup. Emax was associated with the MI parts and 　maxEav was associated better with the MI area sizes.Conclusions　The study has established a noninvasive method of examining cardiac function by use of echocardiography and reflected the special diagnostic values of Emax,maxEav and EF in MI patients of defferent parts and area sizes.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in cervical lymph nodes lesions.Methods Twenty patients with metastatic lymph node,10 patients with tuberculosis lymph node and 10 volunteers were underwent both conventional MRI and DWI,and the ADC values of lymph nodes' solid components were measured.The difference of ADC values between three kinds of lymph nodes were analyzed.Results ADC values of metastatic lymph nodes was (0.842 ± 0.156) × 10-3 mm2/s,ADC values of tuberculosis lymph nodes was (1.249 ± 0.142) × 10-3 mm2/s,and ADC values of normal lymph nodes was (1.291 ± 0.176) × 10-3 mm2/s.There was significant difference between ADC values of metastatic lymph nodes and with the two later kinds of lymph nodes (P＜ 0.01),and no difference in the two later kinds of lymph nodes (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion ADC values with features of conventional MR is helpful for differentiate metastatic lymph node,tuberculosis lymph node and normal lymph nodes.

Objective To explore the definition,classification and imaging characteristics of abdominal enterogenous cysts in in-fant.Methods 18 patients with abdominal enterogenous cyst in infant,confirmed by surgical pathology,with complete imaging data (including ultrasonography,CT and enhanced CT),have been enrolled in the study.The imaging findings and pathological character-istics have been analyzed,and the classification of diagnosis has been conducted.Results According to the positions and imaging fea-tures of the pathological changes,abdominal enterogenous cysts could be further classified as:gastrointestinal wall type,mesenteric type and retroperitoneal type.In this study,gastrointestinal wall type in 1 1 patients (outside intestinal wall in 2,inside intestinal wall in 8,and outside gastric wall in 1);mesenteric type in 4 and retroperitoneal type in 3 were identified.Conclusion Classification of diagnosis can be conducted according to the enterogenous cyst’s special imaging findings,which provides a reference for the surgical operation.

ObjectiveTo explore the role of NF-κB signaling pathway protein and cytokines in Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-induced acute lung inflammation and injury.MethodsThirty rabbits were distributed randomly into two groups,each group had fifteen rabbits.Group rPVL were directly treated with endotracheal instillation of rPVL,normal control were treated with PBS.Then five rabbits chosen at random from each group were killed at 3,6,or 9 h postinfection.The lung was removed from the rabbits to determine histopathology studies.ELISA was performed to evaluate levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-10 and TNF-α.NF-κB p65 protein of the lung tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry method.ResultsIn group rPVL histopathology study showed symptoms of severe illness:diffuse infiltration of inflammatory cells,hemorrhage,edema and other manifestations of lung injury.Levels of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α were increased gradually,and the level of IL-10 was increased at 9 h postinfection.The expression of NF-κB p65 protein was increased gradually with the infection time.ConclusionNF-κB activation and cytokines release play an important role in PVL-related lung injury.It may be an important path to down regulate the counts of NF-κB activation.

AIM:To study intravenous transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the life span and pathological change of SOD1-G93A amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mice. METHODS:hMSCs were cultured and expanded from heparinized bone marrow cells from healthy donors and the purity and features were identified with FCM. hMSCs (3×10~6) resuspended in 0.3 mL DMEM or 0.3 mL DMEM only were injected into the tail vein of genotyped SOD1-G93A ALS mice. The mice were evaluated for signs of motor deficit with 4-point scoring system according to Weydt and the onset and life span were assessed. The pathological change was observed with Nissl staining and number of motor neuron was counted. RESULTS:The onset symptoms in untreated SOD1-G93A ALS mice appeared at (156.6±3.6) d of age and the average life span was (188.3±3.5) d. hMSCs transplantation delayed the onset of ALS type symptoms about 14 d and prolonged the life span about 18 d compared to the untreated SOD1-G93A littermates. The loss of motor neurons in untreated mice was much faster and severer than that in hMSCs transplanted mice. At 16 th week and 20 th week,motor neurons of untreated mice were significantly fewer than those of transplanted mice. β-globin gene in brain was detected in transplanted ALS mice. CONCLUSION:hMSCs migrate to central nervous system after intravenous transplantation,prolong the life span and delay the onset and motor neuron loss in SOD1-G93A ALS mice.

ObjectiveTo explore the role of polymorpbonuclear leukocyte (PMN) in PantonValentine leucocidin (PVL)-induccd acute lung inflammation and injury. Methods Fifteen New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups with five rabbits in each group.The controls were treated with pbosphate buffer solution (PBS),the rabbits with normal granulocyte in rPVL group were treated with endotracheal instillation of rPVL,the granulocytopenia rabbits in vincristine (VCR) +rPVL group were firstly treated with VCR,thcn with endotracheal instillation of rPVL.Nine hours after injection,the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for counting PMN.The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in BALF,lung permeability index (LPI),PMN apoptosis and necrosis and the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS)in BALF were measured.After the rabbits sacrificed,the lung tissue samples were collcctcd for dctcrmining wet/dry (W/D) ratio and histopathological examination.The comparison among groups was done by t test.ResultsThe PMN count in the peripheral blood was (2.69=0.34) × 10 mL in rPVL group,which was significantly lower than control group [(3.63 ± 0.38) × 105/mL] (t =4.12,P＜0.05).The PMN counts in BALF in control group,rPVL group and VCR+rPVL group were (0.57±0.01 ) ×106/mL,(3.01±0.02) × 106/mL and (0.10±0.02) × 106/mL,respectively; that in rPVL group was significantly higher than those in control group (t=254.39,P＜0.05).The LDH activity,LPI and W/D ratio in rPVL group were all significantly higher than control group,while those in VCR+rPVL group were not significantly different from control group.The PMN apoptosis rate and necrosis rate in VCR+rPVL groupwere (1.17±0.24)％ and (1.13±0.17)％,respectively.The releases of ROS (meanfluorescence intensity) in rPVL group,control group and VCR+rPVL group were 1.56±0.39,0.41±0.03 and 0.39±0.02,respectively,and that in rPVL group was significantly higher (t=6.58,P＜0.05).Histopathological examination of the lung showed the diffuse infiltration of inflammatory cells,hemorrhage and edema in rPVL group,wbile there was only thimbleful infiltration of inflammatory cells observed in surrounding bronchia and alveolar septun in VCR-rPVL group.ConclusionsrPVL can induce lung inflammation and injury in rabbits with normal granulocyte,but not in neutropenic rabbirs.Lung inflammation and injury may be the result of recruitment,aggregation and subsequent lysis and/or activation of PMN,which can damage the lung by releasing the contents of cytotoxic granules and/or reactive oxygen metabolites.

Objective To investigate the influence of panton-valentine leucocidin (PVL) on expression of Toll like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signals and IL-8,IL-6 in THP-1 macrophages,and to study the mechanism of PVL-related lung tissue damage.Methods THP-1 cells were cultured in the presence of 100 nmol/L phorbol-12-myristate 3-acetate (PMA) for 48 h to induce monocytemacrophage differentiation.rPVL-F and rPVL-S were induced and expressed from the recombinant plasmid,respectively purified with chromatographic column. After that,THP-1 macrophages were incubated with rPVL,and then ELISA was performed to test expression of IL-8 and L-6 in supernatants fluid; RT-PCR was performed to detect expression of IL-8,L-6 and TLR4 ; NF-κB was analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry method.Results PVL was able to induce expression of IL-8 and IL-6 in THP-1 macrophages in time-and concentration-dependent manners.PVL could also significantly promote the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signals.Conclusion PVL can activate the expression of TLR4/NF-κB signals,and increased the high expression of inflammatory cytokines.Maybe it's the mechanism of action of PVL exerts the function of lung tissue damage.

Objective To study the effects of Fructus ligustri lucidi and its monomers, tyrosol and oleanotic acid, on the migration of mouse melanoblast cell line (NCCmelb4M5). Methods Cultured NCCmelb4M5 cells were treated with Fructus ligustri lucidi (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 2 mg/mL), tyrosol (0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16, 0.8 mg/mL) and oleanolic acid (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 2.5 mg/mL), respectively,for 48 hours followed by the detection of cell proliferation with MTT assay. The working concentration of the three drugs was determined according to the results of MTT assay. Scratch and transwell assays were performed to observe the effect of Fructus ligustri lucidi and its monomers at working concentration on the migration of NCCmelb4M5 cells. Results Based on the results of MTT assay, the working concentration of Fructus ligustri lucidi, tyrosol and oleanolic acid was determined at 0.125 mg/mL, 0.08 mg/mL and 0.0625 mg/mL respectively, and at these concentrations, these drugs exhibited a cytotoxity lower than that of absolute alcohol with no obvious stimulation of cell proliferation. Scratch and transwell assay revealed a promoting effect of both Fructus ligustri lucidi and tyrosol on melanoblast migration (P<0.05), while oleanolic acid had little effect on melanoblast migration. Conclusions The extract of Fructus ligustri lucidi has a significant stimulatory effect on the migration of mouse melanoblasts, and tyrosol may be an active component of Fructus ligustri lucidi associated with confirmative effect on migration of mouse melanoblasts.

Objective To study the changes of life span and pathology in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)-G93A mice after intracardiac transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).Methods hMSCs were isolated from bone marrow cells obtained from healthy donors and cultured.The purity and morphology were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM).hMSCs (3×10~6) resuspended in 0.2 ml DMEM was injected into the heart of 8 week-old SOD1-G93A mice.In non-transplantion control SOD1-G93A mice, only DMEM was injected.The mice were evaluated for signs of motor deficit with 4-point scoring system previously described by Weydt et al.The age of onset and life span in mice were assessed.The pathological change including number of motor neurons was investigated by Nissl staining.Immunofluorescence staining with specific human nuclear antibody was used to confirm the transplant of hMSCs in mice.Results The onset symptoms in untreated SOD1-G93A mice appeared at (156.56±3.60) days of age and the average life span was (188.32±3.51) days.hMSCs transplantation delayed the onset of ALS type symptoms about 16 days (x~2=10.888, P=0.001) and prolonged the life span about 14 days compared to the untreated SOD1-G93A littermates((202.19±4.09) days vs (188.32±3.51) days, x~2=3.917, P=0.04).The loss of motor neurons in untreated mice was earlier and more severe than in hMSCs transplanted mice.At 20 weeks, the number of motor neurons in transplanted mice was significantly higher than those in untreated mice.Human specific nuclear antigen in brain and spinal cord was detected in transplanted SOD1-G93A mice.Conclusion hMSCs can be implanted for a long-term into central nervous system by intracardiac transplantation and the transplantation can prolong life span, and delay the onset of the disease and motor neuron loss in SOD1-G93A mice.

Objective To explore the effect of standardized rehabilitation training and acupuncture therapy on knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods One hundred KOA patients were evenly divided into the treatment group and the control group by random digits table.The control group were treated by acupuncture plus general functional exercise guidance and the treatment group by standardized rehabilitation training and treatment for 3 courses(10 d as 1 treatment course).After 3 courses,the two groups were observed in terms of knee joint pain,joint function improvement and clinical curative effect.Result After treatment,the treatment group was significantly better than the control group in terms of knee joint pain,joint function improvement and clinical curative effect(all P<0.05 ).Conclusion The standardized rehabilitation training combined with acupuncture therapy may be effective in the reduction of the knee pain and improvement of knee function for patients with osteoarthritis.