OBJECTIVE: Myocardial inflammation during myocardial infarction (MI) could be inhibited by regulating arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. Recent studies demonstrated that Sini Decoction (SND) was identified to be an effective prescription for treating heart failure (HF) caused by MI. But the anti-inflammatory mechanism of SND remained unclear. The work was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of SND through the AA metabolism pathway in vitro and in vivo experiments. METHODS: An inflammatory injury model of H9c2 cells was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage-conditioned medium (CM). The MI model was built by the ligation of left anterior descending (LAD) branch of coronary artery in rat. Meanwhile, the rats were divided into five groups: sham group, MI group, MI + Celecoxib group, MI + low-dose SND group (SND-L) and MI + high-dose SND group (SND-H). Cardiac function, histopathological changes and serum cytokines were examined four weeks later. Western blot analysis was conducted to verify the key enzymes levels in the AA metabolic pathway, including phospholipase A2 (PLA2), cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOXs). RESULTS: These in vivo results demonstrated that SND could improve the cardiac function and pathological changes of rats with MI, and regulate the key inflammatory molecules in the AA metabolism pathway, including sPLA2, COX-1, COX-2, 5-LOX and 15-LOX. In vitro, SND could decrease the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6 and inhibit cell apoptosis in CM-induced H9c2 cells. Moreover, SND could protect H9c2 cells from the damage of CM by regulating nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signal pathway and the expression of COX-2. CONCLUSION SND may be a drug candidate for anti-inflammatory treatment during MI by regulating the multiple targets in the AA metabolism pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive value of oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂) at intensive care unit (ICU) admission on 30-day mortality in patients with sepsis. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted. Patients with sepsis who were hospitalized in the ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from April 2015 to October 2023 were enrolled. The demographic information, comorbidities, sites of infection, vital signs and laboratory test indicators at the time of admission to the ICU, disease severity scores within 24 hours of admission to the ICU, treatment process and prognostic indicators were collected. According to the PaO₂/FiO₂ at ICU admission, patients were divided into Q1 group (PaO₂/FiO₂ of 4.1-16.4 cmHg, 1 cmHg ≈ 1.33 kPa), Q2 group (PaO₂/FiO₂ of 16.5-22.6 cmHg), Q3 group (PaO₂/FiO₂ of 22.7-32.9 cmHg), and Q4 group (PaO₂/FiO₂ of 33.0-94.8 cmHg). Differences in the indicators across the four groups were compared. Multifactorial Cox regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between PaO₂/FiO₂ and 30-day mortality of patients with sepsis. The predictive value of PaO₂/FiO₂, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) on 30-day prognosis of patients with sepsis was analyzed by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve). RESULTS: A total of 1 711 patients with sepsis were enrolled, including 428 patients in Q1 group, 424 patients in Q2 group, 425 patients in Q3 group, and 434 patients in Q4 group. 622 patients died at 30-day, the overall 30-day mortality was 36.35%. There were statistically significant differences in age, body mass index (BMI), history of smoking, history of alcohol consumption, admission heart rate, respiratory rate, APACHE II score, SOFA score, Glasgow coma score (GCS), site of infection, Combined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), blood lactic acid (Lac), prothrombin time (PT), albumin (Alb), total bilirubin (TBil), pH, proportion of mechanical ventilation, duration of mechanical ventilation, proportion of vasoactive medication used, and maximal concentration, length of ICU stay, hospital stay, incidence of acute kidney injury, in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality among the four groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, for every 1 cmHg increase in PaO₂/FiO₂ at ICU admission, the 30-day mortality risk decreased by 2% [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.98-0.99, P < 0.001]. The 30-day mortality risk in the Q4 group was reduced compared with the Q1 group by 41% (HR = 0.59, 95%CI was 0.46-0.76, P < 0.001). The fitted curve showed that a curvilinear relationship between PaO₂/FiO₂ and 30-day mortality after adjustment for confounders. In the inflection point analysis, for every 1 cmHg increase in PaO₂/FiO₂ at PaO₂/FiO₂ < 28.55 cmHg, the risk of 30-day death in sepsis patients was reduced by 5% (HR = 0.95, 95%CI was 0.94-0.97, P < 0.001); when PaO₂/FiO₂ ≥ 28.55 cmHg, there was no statistically significant association between PaO2/FiO2 and the increase in the risk of 30-day death in sepsis (HR = 1.01, 95%CI was 0.99-1.02, P = 0.512). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for the prediction of 30-day mortality by admission PaO₂/FiO₂ in ICU sepsis patients was 0.650, which was lower than the predictive ability of the SOFA score (AUC = 0.698) and APACHE II score (AUC = 0.723). CONCLUSION In patients with sepsis, PaO₂/FiO₂ at ICU admission is strongly associated with 30-day mortality risk, alerting healthcare professionals to pay attention to patients with low PaO₂/FiO₂ for timely interventions.
Humans ; Sepsis/mortality* ; Intensive Care Units ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Hospital Mortality ; Oxygen ; Male ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged

Objective: To investigate the efficacy, nursing characteristics, and management of different desensitization strategies before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) among patients with high level of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 82 patients with high levels of HLA antibodies who underwent allo-HSCT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Suzhou Hopes Hematonosis Hospital between January 2020 to November 2023. Patients were divided into two groups based on the desensitization strategy they received: the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody combined with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) group (n=50) and the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody combined with Protein A immunoabsorption group (n=32). The differences of efficacy between the desensitization strategies were analyzed. The safety of both desensitization strategies were assessed by close monitoring of adverse events throughout the treatment. The nursing characteristics and interventions specific to these strategies were comprehensively summarized. Results: There were no significant differences in age, gender, and diagnosis between the two groups of patients receiving different desensitization strategies (P>0.05). Following desensitization in the immunoadsorption group, the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) levels of anti-HLA Class I antibody decreased significantly compared to initial screening (P=0.048), while the decrease in MFI values of anti-HLA Class II antibody was not statistically significant (P=0.173). In the TPE group, the MFI levels for both anti-HLA Class I and II antibodies after desensitization decreased significantly compared to initial screening (P=0.025 and 0.028, respectively). Monitoring of adverse events during desensitization treatment, found that patients in the immunoadsorption group experienced mild decreases in blood pressure during the process, with two patients developing severe hypotension. No allergic reactions occurred, and no damage of liver or kidney function was observed after the immunoadsorption. In the immunoadsorption group, a total of 19 patients underwent sera immunoglobulin assays before and after immunoadsorption. Compared to the initial screening, the immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels significantly decreased after immunoadsorption (P<0.001). In TPE group, 12 patients experienced mild hypotension during the plasma exchange process, but no severe hypotension was observed. One patient developed an allergic reaction. After the TPE treatment, no damage of liver or kidney function was observed, nor any decrease of IgG levels. In terms of safety of intravenous access, neither group experienced severe complications such as catheter-related bloodstream infections or deep vein thrombosis. In the TPE group, catheter occlusion occurred during the process of plasma exchange in 2 patients, while no such incident was observed in the immunoadsorption group. Patients of both groups exhibited anxiety and depression before treatment. After psychological care, the scores for anxiety and depression significantly decreased (P<0.001). Conclusion: Both desensitization strategies significantly decreased the HLA antibodies in highly sensitized patients with high level of HLA antibodies undergoing allo-HSCT. For patients receiving immunoabsorption, nursing care should focus on preventing and managing hypotension and implementing infection-prevention measures due to IgG depletion. In contrast, for those undergoing TPE, vigilant monitoring and prompt management of potential allergic reactions are essential components of nursing practice.

Aim To explore the mechanism of oxiracetam promoting neurogenesis and migration in rats with cer-ebral infarction through stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α)/C-X-C chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4)pathway.Methods 100 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,cerebral ischemia(CI)group,oxiracetam(200 mg/kg)group,and oxiracetam(200 mg/kg)+AMD3100(5 mg/kg)group,with 25 rats in each group.Electrocoagulation was used to create rat model of local permanent cerebral infarction.After 1,7 and 14 days of modeling,neurological deficits were scored,TTC staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction,Nissl staining was used to detect cell surviv-al in the infarcted area,Western blot was used to detect SDF-1α and CXCR4 protein levels in ischemic zone.After 1～7 days of modeling,BrdU(50 mg/kg)was continuously injected intraperitoneally.After 14 days,immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect the number of BrdU+Nestin+and BrdU+DCX+cells in the SVZ region.5 days before modeling,retroviruses carrying GFP were injected into the SVZ region.After 14 days,immunofluorescence double stai-ning was used to detect the number of GFP+DCX+,GFP+MAP-2+and GFP+GFAP+cells in infarction area.C17.2 cells were divided into control group,oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)group,oxiracetam(final concentration:200 mg/L)group,and oxiracetam(final concentration:200 mg/L)+AMD3100(final concentration:100 μmol/L)group.OGD was used to create cell CI model.After 12 hours,immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect the number of Br-dU+/Nestin+and BrdU+/MAP-2+cells,Transwell experiment was used to detect cell migration,Western blot was used to detect SDF-1α and CXCR4 protein levels in cell culture supernatant.Results Animal experiment results showed:compared with control group,mNSS score in CI group was increased,cerebral infarction volume was increased,the number of surviving cells in infarcted area was decreased,SDF-1α and CXCR4 protein levels were increased,the number of GFP+DCX+,GFP+MAP-2+and GFP+GFAP+cells in SVZ region were increased(P＜0.05);compared with CI group,mNSS score in oxiracetam group was decreased,cerebral infarction volume was decreased,the number of surviving cells in infarc-ted area was increased,SDF-1α and CXCR4 protein levels were increased,the number of GFP+DCX+,GFP+MAP-2+and GFP+GFAP+cells in SVZ region were increased,the number of GFP+DCX+,GFP+MAP-2+and GFP+GFAP+cells in in-farcted area were increased(P＜0.05);compared with oxiracetam group,mNSS score in oxiracetam+AMD3100 group was increased,cerebral infarction volume was increased,the number of surviving cells in infarcted area was decreased,CXCR4 protein level was decreased,the number of GFP+DCX+,GFP+MAP-2+and GFP+GFAP+cells in the SVZ region were de-creased(P＜0.05).Cell experiment results showed:compared with control group,the number of BrdU+/Nestin+and Br-dU+/MAP-2+cells in OGD group were increased,the number of cell migration,SDF-1α and CXCR4 protein levels in cell culture supernatant were increased(P＜0.05);compared with OGD group,the number of BrdU+/Nestin+and BrdU+/MAP-2+cells in oxiracetam group were increased,the number of cell migration,SDF-1α and CXCR4 protein levels in cell culture supernatant were increased(P＜0.05);compared with oxiracetam group,the number of BrdU+/Nestin+and BrdU+/MAP-2+cells in oxiracetam+AMD3100 group were decreased,the number of cell migration,CXCR4 protein level in cell culture supernatant were decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Oxiracetam may promote the migration of neural stem cells from the SVZ region to the ischemic zone,promoting neurogenesis and functional recovery in rats with cerebral infarction by activating SDF-1α/CXCR4 pathway.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) in patients with sepsis during hospitalization in intensive care unit (ICU), and to construct a nomogram prediction model of LEDVT in sepsis patients in the ICU based on the critical care scores combined with inflammatory markers, and to validate its effectiveness in early prediction.Methods:726 sepsis patients admitted to the ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively included as the training set to construct the prediction model. In addition, 213 sepsis patients admitted to the ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2022 to June 2023 were retrospectively included as the validation set to verify the performance of the prediction model. Clinical data of patients were collected, such as demographic information, vital signs at the time of admission to the ICU, underlying diseases, past history, various types of scores within 24 hours of admission to the ICU, the first laboratory indexes of admission to the ICU, lower extremity venous ultrasound results, treatment, and prognostic indexes. Lasso regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors for the occurrence of LEDVT in sepsis patients, and the results of Logistic regression analysis were synthesized to construct a nomogram model. The nomogram model was evaluated by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve), calibration curve, clinical impact curve (CIC) and decision curve analysis (DCA).Results:The incidence of LEDVT after ICU admission was 21.5% (156/726) in the training set of sepsis patients and 21.6% (46/213) in the validation set of sepsis patients. The baseline data of patients in both training and validation sets were comparable. Lasso regression analysis showed that seven independent variables were screened from 67 parameters to be associated with the occurrence of LEDVT in patients with sepsis. Logistic regression analysis showed that the age [odds ratio ( OR) = 1.03, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 1.01 to 1.04, P < 0.001], body mass index (BMI: OR = 1.05, 95% CI was 1.01 to 1.09, P = 0.009), venous thromboembolism (VTE) score ( OR = 1.20, 95% CI was 1.11 to 1.29, P < 0.001), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT: OR = 0.98, 95% CI was 0.97 to 0.99, P = 0.009), D-dimer ( OR = 1.03, 95% CI was 1.01 to 1.04, P < 0.001), skin or soft-tissue infection ( OR = 2.53, 95% CI was 1.29 to 4.98, P = 0.007), and femoral venous cannulation ( OR = 3.72, 95% CI was 2.50 to 5.54, P < 0.001) were the independent influences on the occurrence of LEDVT in patients with sepsis. The nomogram model was constructed by combining the above variables, and the ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of LEDVT in patients with sepsis was 0.793 (95% CI was 0.746 to 0.841), and the AUC in the validation set was 0.844 (95% CI was 0.786 to 0.901). The calibration curve showed that its predicted probability was in good agreement with the actual probabilities were in good agreement, and both CIC and DCA curves suggested a favorable net clinical benefit. Conclusion:The nomogram model based on the critical illness scores combined with inflammatory markers can be used for early prediction of LEDVT in ICU sepsis patients, which helps clinicians to identify the risk factors for LEDVT in sepsis patients earlier, so as to achieve early treatment.

Objective To explore the value of 3D amide proton transfer weighted imaging(APTWI),diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)and the combination for differentiating benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors.Methods Non-contrast MRI,APTWI and DWI of pelvis or lower extremity were prospectively acquired in 96 patients with bone and soft tissue tumors.MTRasym and ADC maps were obtained based on APTWI and DWI calculation with an offset of 3.5 ppm,respectively,and the maximum asymmetric magnetization transfer rate(MTRasym)(MTRasymmax),the mean MTRasym(MTRasymmean)and the minimum MTRasym(MTRasymmin),as well as the maximum apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)(ADCmax),the mean ADC(ADCmean)and the minimum ADC(ADCmin)values were measured.The above parameters were compared between benign and malignant tumors.Then receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the efficacy of APTWI,DWI and the combination.Results Among 96 patients,there were 41 benign and 55 malignant pelvic or lower limb bone and soft tissue tumors.In benign tumors,MTRasym(3.5 ppm)values,including MTRasymmax.MTRasymmean and MTRasymmin were significantly higher,whereas ADC values including ADCmax,ADCmeanand ADCmin were significantly lower than those in malignant tumors(all P＜0.05).AUC of MTRasymmax and ADCmin for differentiating benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors was 0.791 and 0.873,respectively,being not statistically different(P=0.122),but both lower than that of their combination(AUC=0.944,P＜0.001,P=0.041).Conclusion APTWI combined with DWI had high efficacy for differentiating benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors.

Objective:To analyze the clinical and molecular genetic characteristics of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) to increase the awareness of the disease among clinicians.Methods:The clinical data, including the age of onset and diagnosis, clinical manifestations, neuroimaging and neuroelectrophysiology and the genetic data of patients diagnosed with CTX in the Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from March 2017 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Results:A total of 18 patients were enrolled in this study, including 12 males and 6 females.The onset age was 10 (6, 29) years, with a minimum onset age of 3 years and a maximum onset age of 32 years; the period from onset to diagnosis was 19.00 (8.75, 24.25) years, with the shortest being 6 months and the longest being 35 years. Among the 18 patients, 16 patients had symptoms and signs of spastic paralysis, 9 patients had cognitive impairment and peripheral neuropathy, 8 patients had cerebellar ataxia, 3 patients had mental disorders, 3 patients had autonomic nervous dysfunction, and only 2 patients had seizures. Among the non-neurological symptoms, 9 patients had Achilles tendon xanthoma, of whom 1 patient was accompanied by patellar tendon xanthoma; 8 patients had adolescent cataracts, 6 patients had chronic diarrhea since childhood. All patients underwent brain MRI examination, among whom 15 patients had cerebellar dentate nucleus involvement, 10 patients had corticospinal tract involvement and 2 patients had normal brain MRI. Fourteen patients underwent nerve conduction and electromyography examinations, among whom 9 patients presented with multiple peripheral neuropathy characterized by motor or motor sensory demyelination. A total of 17 CYP27A1 gene variants were detected in 18 patients. The c.1420C>T and c.1263+1G>A were the hot-spot mutations in this cohort. Conclusions:Spastic paralysis, cerebellar ataxia, tendon xanthoma and adolescent cataracts are typical manifestations of CTX. The cerebellar dentate nucleus and corticospinal tract are mainly involved on the neuroimaging. It should be noted that some patients lack the typical characteristics mentioned above. The c.1420C>T and c.1263+1G>A are the hot-spot mutations in this cohort.

Objective:To investigate the ultrasonic characteristics of lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and the predictive value of silent mating-type information regulation2 homolog1 (SIRT1) .Methods:90 PTC patients admitted from May. 2022 to May. 2023 were selected. According to the ultrasonography of patients with lymph node enlargement, hypoecho, unclear boundary, microcalcification and other conditions, the patients were divided into 26 cases in the LNM group and 64 cases without LNM. All patients underwent thyroid ultrasonography, and their serum samples were collected. Serum SIRT1 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) double-antibody sandwich method. ROC was used to analyze the predictive value of ultrasonic characteristics and serum SIRT1 for LNM in PTC patients.Results:Compared with the group without lymph node metastasis, the proportion of patients with multiple tumor lesions ( P=0.001), tumor diameter ≥1 cm, hypoecho, unclear boundary and microcalcification was higher in the group with lymph node metastasis ( P<0.05). The serum SIRT1 level of LNM group (5.12±1.24) ng/mL was lower than that of (8.76±1.35) ng/mL in the other group ( P<0.05). ROC results showed that when the optimal cut-off value of serum SIRT1 was 7.59 ng/mL, the area under the curve was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.746- 0.835). The sensitivity and specificity were 79.43% and 71.56%, respectively. Multiple tumors, tumor diameter ≥1 cm ( P=0.018), unclear boundaries ( P=0.005), microcalcification ( P=0.001), and serum SIRT1 < 7.59 ng/mL ( P<0.001) had good clinical value in the evaluation of lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, and the combined detection had a higher predictive value, with a sensitivity of 84.57%. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor boundaries were unclear ( OR=2.812, 95% CI: 1.220-6.482), microcalcification ( OR=4.145, 95% CI: 1.335-12.870), and serum SIRT1 decreased ( OR=2.399, 95% CI: 1.580-3.642) were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is characterized by unclear boundary and micro-calcification on ultrasound, and serum SIRT1 is decreased. The combined detection of ultrasound features and serum SIRT1 has a good predictive value in predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect and psychological influence of biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training on fecal incontinence after anorectal surgery in children.Methods:A retrospective case-control study.A total of 37 children who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from July 2021 to April 2023 for fecal incontinence after anorectal surgery were collected.Biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training was performed with a Laborie biofeedback therapy device, and pelvic floor muscle contraction function exercise was performed no less than 200 times a day.The anal canal current intensity, basic motion myoelectric value, contractile myoelectric difference and continuous anal contraction time were measured at before treatment, at the end of 1 course, 1 month and 1 year after treatment.Ten healthy children of the same age were selected as the healthy control group.The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used for psychological evaluation at before treatment and 1 year after treatment.Paired sample t test and independent sample t test were used to compare and analyze the results of this study. Results:Before treatment, at the end of 1 course, 1 month and 1 year after treatment, the anal canal current intensity of children with fecal incontinence were(11.32±1.92) mA, (10.22±1.28) mA, (8.45±1.09) mA, and(7.80±1.23) mA, respectively; the anal canal basic motion myoelectric value were(235.58±55.03) μV, (185.65±34.30) μV, (124.81±36.56) μV, and(93.99±28.29) μV, respectively; the anal canal contractile myoelectric difference were(45.64±20.38) μV, (64.20±16.59) μV, (93.63±25.53) μV, and(109.83±26.95) μV, respectively; the continuous anal contraction time were(1.27±0.43) s, (1.58±0.40) s, (2.04±0.39) s, and(2.47±0.38) s, respectively.These parameters before treatment, at the end of 1 course and 1 month after treatment were significantly different from those in the healthy control group[(7.20±1.09) mA, (88.65±21.76) μV, (120.73±27.57) μV, (2.68±0.29) s](all P<0.05).These parameters at 1 year after treatment were significantly different from those before treatment and 1 month after treatment(all P<0.05).However, there were no significant differences in these parameters between the healthy control group and the treatment group at 1 year after treatment(all P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in emotional symptoms, hyperactivity symptoms, peer interaction, prosocial behavior and difficulty scores before and after treatment[(3.46±1.88) points vs.(2.59±1.32) points, (5.78±2.12) points vs.(3.70±1.78) points, (3.05±1.72) points vs.(2.49±1.30) points, (7.30±1.54) points vs.(8.27±1.39) points, (21.57±4.57) points vs.(18.54±3.14) points](all P<0.05). Conclusions:Biofeedback pelvic floor muscle training is a reliable and non-invasive method for the treatment of postoperative fecal incontinence after anorectal surgery in children and can effectively relieve the psychological and behavioral problems caused by fecal incontinence in children.

Objective:To develop the Economic Toxicity Scale for Kidney Transplantation Patients, and to test the reliability and validity of the scale.Methods:Drawing upon Coleman′s social capital theory and the six subfields associated with economic toxicity put forward by European scholars, the initial version of the scale was developed via expert correspondence consultation and a preliminary survey. This was accomplished by building upon existing literature and conducting semi-structured interviews. A total of 261 cases of kidney transplantation patients from March to October 2022 admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University were investigated for reliability and validity test.Results:The Economic Toxicity Scale for Kidney Transplantation Patients included 6 dimensions, 31 entries. The total scale had a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.910 and the subscale had Cronbach alpha coefficient ranging from 0.798 to 0.943. The retest reliability coefficient for the total scale was 0.948, while the six dimensions ranged from 0.732 to 0.942.Conclusions:The scale demonstrates strong reliability and validity, making it a reliable tool for objectively evaluating the economic toxicity of kidney transplantation patients.