Objective To study the relationship between the DNA content of chondrocytes in the costal cartilage and postmortem interval in putrefactive rat cadavers.Methods Nuclear DNA wag visualized by modified Feulgen's staining method.DNA content of ehondrocytes in the costal cartilage was semi-quantita tively determined by a computerized image analysis system in rats within 35d postmortem.Results Staining intensity of the nuclei was gradually reduced within from 1d to 28d postmortem.The nuclej could not be detected at 35d.The DNA content of chondrocytes decreased time-dependently within 28 days after death as determined semi-quantitatively,which revealed a linear relationship between DNA content and postmortem interval.Conclusion DNA content of chondrocytes in the costal cartilage reduces time-dependently with the extension of postmortem interval.

[Objective] To study the correlation between kidney cell DNA degradation and postmortem interval within the span of 6-48 hour after the subject rats′ death.[Methods] To select 18 healthy mature female SD rats and equally divide them into 6 groups.To execute the rats with cervical spine articulation and put the rats under the incubator temperature of 25.1℃ (the average temperature of the 5 previous Decembers in Guangzhou prefecture).Sample kidney tissue from the rat separately 0 hour,6 hours,12 hours,24 hours,36 hours,48 hours,and 60 hours after the rats′ execution to prepare monoplast suspension,which is committed to comet assay.The comet images were captured by fluorescence CCD.Kinetic Comet 4.0 software was used to analyze images.Relevant data were collected by kinetic Comet 4.0 software and were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis test.[Results] Within the postmortem interval of 6-48 h,the number of SD rat kidney cell DNA fragments increased as the postmortem interval lengthens.So did the comet tail length.The Oliver tail moment and tail DNA of comet also showed sign of increase in positive proportion to the postmortem interval (their values corresponding to 60-hour-postmortem-interval were not obtainable.Kruskal-Wallis test indicated:the discrepancies of TL among the 6 groups were all significant (P ＜ 0.01).The difference of TM between 6 h group and 12 h group was not significant (P ＞ 0.05).The difference of TM between 24 h and 36 h was significant (P ＜ 0.05).The difference of TDNA among 6 h,12 h,and 36 h groups were not significant (P ＞ 0.05).The difference of TDNA between 36 h and 48 h was significant (P ＜ 0.05).[Conclusion] Degradation of nuclear DNA of the rat kidney cells increases as the postmortem interval lengthens and comet assay may provide important empirical evidence for determining the postmortem interval.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the rehabilitation effect of Otago exercise in patients with limb dysfunction.Methods:Randomized controlled trials and quasi trials on the rehabilitation effect of Otago exercise in patients with limb dysfunction were searched through computer on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, Ovid, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and Wanfang Data. The search period was from the establishment of the database to July 31, 2022. Two researchers independently screened article, evaluated article quality, and extracted data. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 12 articles were included, including 682 patients with limb dysfunction. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with conventional physical therapy, Otago exercise could improve fall efficacy ( MD=8.64, 95% CI: 7.08-10.20, P<0.01) and balance ability ( MD=2.90, 95% CI: 0.72 -5.08, P<0.01) of patients with limb dysfunction. Conclusions:Otago exercise can improve fall efficiency and balance ability of patients with limb dysfunction, and has a positive impact on patients' limb function rehabilitation.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the experience and needs of parental care for premature infants during the transition from hospital to home.Methods:Qualitative studies on the experience and needs of parental care for premature infants transitioning from hospital to home were electronically searched in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, China Biomedical Medline Disc, and WanFang Data. The search period was from the establishment of the database to June 3, 2023. The retrieved studies were evaluated using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center. The qualitative research results were integrated using the method of aggregation integration.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, 39 research results were extracted, categorized into nine categories. These categories were integrated into three synthesized results, namely the dependency period (parents of premature infants coexisted with joy and concern, and relied on professional support from medical and nursing staff), shock period (parents of premature infants developed negative emotions, faced dual difficulties in home care and role switching, and needed internal and external professional support from the family), adaptation period (parents of premature infants actively responded to changes, sought peer support, and transitioned to the "new normal" of life) .Conclusions:The transition from hospital to home is a dynamic process. During the transition process, parents of premature infants undergo complex emotional experiences and role transitions, requiring support from healthcare professionals, family members, and peers. Medical and nursing workers should pay attention to the psychological changes and diverse needs of parents, provide professional support and guidance to help them adapt to the role of parents, and promote the healthy growth of premature infants.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on benefit finding of breast cancer patients by using network Meta-analysis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials on the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on the benefit finding of breast cancer patients were retrieved by computer from CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Date, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Embase, Medline, Ovid, CINAHL and other databases. The retrieval time was from establishment of the databases to October 15th, 2023. Literature screening and data extraction were carried out independently by two researchers. The Cochrane Manual 5.1.0 randomised Controlled Trial Bias Risk Assessment Scale were used to evaluate the included literature. And the Stata 14.0 were used for Network Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 10 literatures were included. The results of Network Meta-analysis showed that cognitive behavior therapy was the best intervention in improving the benefit finding of breast cancer patients. The effects of different non-pharmacological intervention methods in descending order were cognitive behavior therapy, yoga, acceptance and commitment therapy, self disclosure and muscle stretching.Conclusions:Existing evidence suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy is most effective in improving benefiting finding in breast cancer patients, but more valuable evidence support and high-quality randomized controlled trial studies are needed to further validate.

Objective To understand the characteristics of nasal prongs or nasal mask for non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome ( RDS ) .Methods Ninety-three RDS preterm infants from August 2012 to June 2013 were chosen and divided into the nasal prong group (n=48) or nasal mask group (n=45) according to the random number table .The nasal prong group received the short binasal prongs as the connection interface , and the nasal mask group received the nasal mask .The parameters including fraction of inspiration O 2 ( FiO2 ) were adjusted according to transcutaneous oxygen saturation monitoring or blood gas analysis , and the various parameters and incidence rate of adverse reaction were recorded.Results After 12-24 h of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, the level of pH, PaCO2, FiO2 , abdominal distension , the average time of non-invasive ventilation and the failure cases of non-invasive ventilation were respectively (7.32 ±0.06), (48.2 ±9.0) mmHg, (0.39 ±0.08), 3 cases, (54.1 ± 16.8) h and 12 cases in the nasal prong group, and were (7.31 ±0.07), (47.2 ±10.2) mmHg, (0.38 ± 0.08), 5 cases, (54.8 ±13.6) h and 9 cases in the nasal mask group, and the differences were not statistically significant (t/χ2 =0.169, 0.484, 0.464, 0.217, -0.226, 0.332, respectively;P>0.05).The total numbers of falling off and leaking gas were respectively 89 and 352 in the nasal prong group , and were lower than 48 and 489 in the nasal mask group, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =8.898, 44.644, respectively;P<0.05).No difference was found in the incidence rate of nasal injury between two groups (χ2 =0.009,P>0.05).But the sites of nasal injury between two groups were significant different , and the sites of nasal injury in the nasal prong group were almost around the medial aspect of the nasal septum and the columella, and were around the junction of the nasal septum and philtrum and the glabella in the nasal mask group.Conclusions The nasal prongs fall off more easily than nasal masks , and the nasal mask leaks more easily than nasal prongs , but there are no significant differences in the duration and the failure rate of noninvasive ventilation between the two types of connection interfaces .The incidence rate and degree of nasal injury causes by the nasal prongs or nasal mask are similar , but the sites of nasal injury are different .

Objective To investigate the turnover intention of nursing staff in a Beijing tertiary traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ) hospital. Methods Self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 295 nursing staff from a tertiary TCM hospital. The questionnaire included the general information of nurses, problems that nurses faced with and turnover intention. Results Nurses satisfied with current job or somewhat satisfied with current job accounted for 80%; 86% of nurses once had job burnout; and 35% of nurses had turnover intention. Influencing factors of nurses′ turnover intention contained wages, working pressure, large workload, etc. Conclusions Labor unions of hospitals and the administrative departments should be more concerned about the nurses, provide relief measures, and improve the social benefits of nurses.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness, safety and cost between urinary follicle stimulating hormone (uFSH) and recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in China.Methods:Data were collected from 16 reproductive centers in China covering oocytes collection time from May 1, 2015 to June 30, 2018. Eligible patients were over 18 years old, adopting COS with uFSH (uFSH group) or rFSH (rFSH group) as start gonadotropins (Gn), and using in vitro fertilization (IVF) and (or) intracytoplasmic sperm injection for fertilisation, excluding frozen embryo recovery cycle. Generalised estimating equation was used to address the violation of independency assumption between cycles due to multiple IVF cycles for one person and clustering nature of cycles carried out within one center. Controlling variables included age, body mass index, anti-Müllerian hormone level, cause of infertility, ovulation protocol, type of fertilisation, number of embryos transferred, number of days of Gn use.Results:Totally 102 061 cycles met eligibility criteria and were included in the analyses. In terms of effectiveness, after controlling relevant unbalanced baseline characteristics, compared with rFSH group, the high oocyte retrieval (>15 oocytes was considered high retrieval) rate of uFSH group significantly decreased in gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist protocol ( OR=0.642, P<0.01) and in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol ( OR=0.556, P=0.001), but the clinical pregnancy rate per transfer cycle and the live birth rate per transfer cycle significantly increased ( OR=1.179, OR=1.169, both P<0.01) in both agonist and antagonist protocols. For safety, multiple analysis result demonstrated that in the agonist protocol, compared with rFSH group, the incidence of moderate to severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome of uFSH group significantly decreased ( OR=0.644, P=0.002). The differences in ectopic pregnancy rate and multiple pregnancy rate between the uFSH and rFSH groups were not significant ( P=0.890, P=0.470) in all patients. In terms of cost, compared with rFSH group, the uFSH group had lower total Gn costs for each patient ( P<0.01). Conclusion:For patients who underwent COS, uFSH has better safety, and economic profiles over rFSH in China.