Objective To study the growth and development as well as reproductive capacity of CL Long Evans rats. Methods Eighty CL Long Evans rats(80 days old)were bred in a barrier system. A monogamous mating system is used to reproduce 5 litters. Their main indexes of growth and reproduction were determined. The body weight gain of 60 second litter rats were analyzed from day 20 to 100. Results The number and weight of the fetus, the weaning time weight per cote and per litter in the second litter were the highest, and the fifth litter was the lowest. The growth and development curve was the same as that announced by Taconic. Conclusion Long Evans rats have been confirmed suitable for continual reproduction for 4 litters and the second litter is the best one for mating.

In recent years ,the diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in the study of breast cancer is in-creasing,which including diffusion weighted imaging ,diffusion tensor imaging ,intravoxel incoherent motion ,and diffusion kurtosis imaging .The emergence and development of these technologies can be noninvasive quantitative evaluation of breast tumors from the molecular level .The researchers pay more and more attention to the applica-tion of breast cancers diagnosis and differential diagnosis ,therapeutic effect ,prognosis evaluation and so on .This paper reviews the progresses of the above four technologies in the use of the breast cancer .

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of Peiminine in Wenglitong tablets by TLC.METHODS:The content of Peiminine was determined by dual wavelength TLC with gel silica G as thin layer plate.The developing solvent was chloroform-ethyl acetate-methanol-ammonia water(2∶6.5∶1∶0.5)and the developer was modified potassium heptaiodobismuthate.RESULTS:The liner range of Peimine was 0.4～2.4 ?g with an average recovery rate of 99.28%(RSD=1.17%,n=6).CONCLUSION:This method is simple,reliable,reproducible and suitable for the quality control of Wenglitong tabl-ets.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bioequiavailability of two kinds of loratadine tabletes in Chinese healthy volunteers.METHODS:A single oral dose 40 mg of two loratadine preparations(reference and test preparations)was given to 20 volunteers(whom were divided into two groups)in a randomized cross-over study.The concentration of loratadine in plasma was determined by solid phase extraction-HPLC.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of reference and test preparations were as follows:Cmax were(17.00?3.90)and(18.41?2.58)?g?L-1;tmax were(1.06?0.25)and(0.93?0.20)h;t1/2Ke were(1.34?0.38)and(1.08?0.38)h;AUC0～∞ were(37.41?17.38)and(36.38?16.73)?g?h?L-1;AUC0～8 were(35.11?15.72)and(34.76?15.34)?g?h?L-1,respectively.The relative bioavailability of the test preparation was(99.0?18.7)% as against the reference preparation,and no significant differences was noted for the two formulations in ANOVA and two-one side t test.CONCLUSION:The two formulations were bioequivalent.

Objective To explore the effects of losartan potassium and simvastatin combination therapy on oxidative stress indicators in diabetic patients on peritoneal dialysis through 12 weeks observation. Methods Diabetic patients with end-stage nephropathy (n=80) who were treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were randomly divided into two groups:control group who received routine treatment (n=40), treatment group who were given losartan potassium 50 mg, once per day and simvastatin 20 mg, once every night (n=40). HbA1C, Insulin dosage, Oxidative stress indicators(SOD, GSH-PX, MDA and Hcy)were compared between two groups before and after peritoneal dialysis. Results There was no significant difference of HbA1C between the 2 groups before and after treatment(P>0.05). The insulin doses increased be?fore dialysis in both groups after CAPD treatment. It is lower in the treatment group than that in the control group ( P<0.05). The expression levels of GSH-PX and SOD in treatment group were higher while the expressions of Hcy and MDA were lower after treatment. The expressions of GSH-PX and SOD were higher while the expressions of Hcy and MDA were lower in treat?ment group than those in control group when comparing the same time point(P<0.05). GSH-PX expression level was lower while the expressions of MDA and Hcy were higher after dialysis than those before dialysis in control group ( P<0.05). Con?clusion Losartan potassium combined with simvastatin treatment can improve curative effect and oxidative stress indicators in diabetic patients on peritoneal dialysis.

Objective To observe the effect of ischemic postconditioning on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)injury in diabetic rats. Methods A rat model of diabetes was established using a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in 40 male Spragne-Dawley rats.Focal ischemia was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)using a thread.The rats were randomly assigned to a control group,a sham-operated group,an I/R group and an Ⅰ-Post group.The animals in the I/R group were subjected to MCAO for 90 min and then reperfusion.Those in the Ⅰ-post group were subjected to MCAO and 3 cycles of transient ischemia-reperfusion(15 seconds ischemia then 15 seconds reperfusion)before persistent reperfusion.Neurological deficit scores,infarct volume,histological changes in the brain and the number of apoptotic cells were measured 6 hours later.Results There was no significant difference in neurological deficit scores between the I/R group and the Ⅰ-post group.The histological changes and apoptotic cells were significantly less in the Ⅰ-post group compared with the I/R group.Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning can inhibit cell apoptosis and reduce cerebral I/R injury after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in diabetic rats.

Objective To investigate effects of ischemic postconditioning on the nitric oxide ( NO) and nitric oxide synthase ( NOS) in diabetic rat brain tissues .Methods Thirty Wistar rats were diabetic models induced by intraperitoneal injuction of stepto-zotocin (STZ), and randomly divided into three groups: Control group (normal, diabetic), cerebral ischemia group, and ischemic postconditioning ( I-POST) group.The rats of cerebral ischemia group and ischemic postconditioning group were made model of cere -bral ischemia by ligation carotid artery .Hematoxylin-eosin ( HE) was used to observe their pathological changes in control and diabetic groups.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) method was used to detect the expression and changes of NO and NOS in the sera in each group .Western Blot method was used to investigate the expression and changes of NOS in the retinal tissues in each group .Results For I-POST group , brain tissue defects were decreased , neuronal cells were increased , serum inducible NOS ( iNOS) content was significantly lower than endothelial NOS (eNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS) ( P <0.05), brain tissue iNOS expression was significantly weaker than ischemia group ( P <0.05 ) and was not different from normal group ( P >0.05 ) .Conclusions Is-chemic postconditioning can protect the brain tissue of diabetic rats by inhibiting NOS activity especially iNOS .

Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations and imaging features of spastic paraplegia caused by spinal cord Wallerian degeneration after pontine infarction, and to analyze its occurrence process and mechanism.Methods:The clinical manifestations and imaging features of two patients with spastic paraplegia caused by spinal cord Wallerian degeneration after pontine infarction were reported for the first time in China. Combined with anatomy and review of the literature, the mechanism, imaging manifestations and clinical features of Wallerian degeneration of lateral funiculus of spinal cord after pontine infarction were analyzed systematically.Results:Case 1 was a 65 years old female, and case 2 was a 58 years old male, who were treated in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University on December 7, 2018 and June 23, 2019 respectively. All the two patients presented with strength weakness of both limbs, hypertonia, symmetric hyperreflexia, and bilateral extensor plantar responses, which suggested spastic paraplegia secondary to upper motor neuron involvement. Spastic paraplegia appeared eight months after pontine infarction in case 1 and appeared six months after pontine infarction in case 2. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed continuous iso-T 1 and high-T 2 signals of bilateral pyramidal tracts below the pontine foci. Case 1 showed lesions of lateral cord of medulla oblongata, cervical spinal cord and thoracic spinal cord, and case 2 showed lesions of lateral cord of medulla oblongata and cervical spinal cord. At the same time, motor neuron disease and metabolic disease were excluded by electromyography and laboratory examination, inflammatory demyelinating disease was excluded by cerebrospinal fluid examination in one case. The syndromes, in combination with a continuous strip of abnormal signal revealed by magnetic resonance imaging which was consistent with the pyramidal tract and connected with the primary lesion suggested wallerian degeneration of spinal cord secondary to pontine infarction. The clinical symptoms of two cases were gradually aggravated in follow-up. Conclusions:Spinal cord Wallerian degeneration is a sequel after pontine infarction, which is related to the prognosis of the disease. A full understanding of its clinical manifestations and imaging features can avoid clinical misdiagnosis as other diseases.

Objective To explore the lowest effective dosage of mifepristone combined with misoprostol in terminating ultra-early pregnancy.Methods All the cases of ultra-early pregnancy classified by amenorrhea days,β-hCG and vaginal B-ultrasonic were randomly divided into two groups.One hundred cases in G1 group (minimized dosage) were orally administered 25 mg mifepristone once a day for 2 days and combined with 200 μg misoprostol 48 hours later,while 150 mg mifepristone combined with 600 μg misoprostol 48 hours later were given to 100 cases in G2 group (normal dosage).All cases were observed for 6 hours after taking misoprostol and returned for assessment three days later.Results None missing.Expulsion of conceptus:G1 and G2 group were 22 (22.0％,22/100) and 25 (25.0％,25/100;P ＞ 0.05).Failure rate:cases with incomplete abortion were 1 (1.0％,1/100) and 2 (2.0％,2/100) in G1 and G2 group,hospitalization for suspected ectopic pregnancies both was 1 (1.0％).Bleeding:bleeding cases during the administration of mifepristone in G1 and G2 group were 71 (71.0％,71/100) and 78 (78.0％,78/100; P＞0.05); the mcan bleeding time were (5.3 ± 1.4) days and (6.0± 1.5) days (P ＜0.01).Other side effects:in G1 group,majority showed light nausea (7.0％,7/100) and light abdominal pain (20.0％,20/100).Menses recovery:99 (99.0％,99/100) for G1 group and 98 (98.0％,98/100) for G2 group to recovery on scheduled time.Satisfactions:both were 99 (99.0％,99/100).Except mean bleeding days and side-effects,the differences above showed no significance (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion It is safe and effective treatment with the lowest dosages of mifepristone and misoprostol to terminate ultra-early pregnancies.

Objective To study the effect of thorium and rare earth mixed dust on chromosome aberrations in the lymphocytes of occupational exposed worker8.Methods Analyses of unstable chromosome aberrations on 53 occupational exposed worker8 and 58 control workers were carried out by the conventional Giemsa staining method.Fluorescence in situ hybridization method Wills performed to analyze the chromosome stable aberrations on 10 occupational exposed workers and 10 control workers.Results The frequencies of chromosomal aberration cells,dicentfics plus rings,total aberrations in exposed workers were significantly higher than those in controls.No significant difference was found in the frequency of acentric aberrations between exposed and non-exposed workers.No significant difference was found in the frequency of translocations between exposed and non-exposed workers.Conclusions Chronically occupational exposure to thorium and rare earthmixed dust can increase the induction of unstable chromosome aberration,but the increase of stable chromosome aberrations(translocation)can not be observed.