BACKGROUND:Because of the special and complicated biological characteristics of oocytes, the suitable cyropreservation technology for oocytes faces more various chalenges. However, the uneven survival rate and fertilization, damages of developmental potential of the thawed oocyte stil exist. OBJECTIVE:To introduce the progress in basic and application researches of oocyte cryopreservation technology, and to iluminate the technical defects and thoughts and possible research points to overcome these problems. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI and PubMed was performed for articles concerning oocyte cryopreservation from January 2004 to October 2014. The search terms were oocyte, cryopreservation, vitrification in Chinese and English, respectively. The old and repeated articles were excluded. Finaly, 41 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cryopreservation of oocytes by slow freezing and vitrification has been used in clinic. At the same time, the uneven survival and fertilization rate, damaged developmental potential of the thawed oocyte stil puzzle the clinicians. The key point to breakthrough or improvement of oocyte cryopreservation technology is the systematization of the protocol for oocylte cryopreservation, for example, the choice of cryoprotective agents, the development of carriers for oocytes, and the determination of oocyte stage. Furthermore, other related technologies should also be considered, including thein vitro mature technology of oocytes, cryopreservation and transplantation of ovary tissues.

Objective To study the value of serum galectin-3 detected by nanomagnetic beads sorting time resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) tandem analysis in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.Methods The serum of 88 cases of pancreatic cancer,50 cases of acute pancreatitis,10 cases of pancreatic cysts,and 20 cases of healthy volunteers as control were collected.First,galectin-3 antibody coupled nanomagnetic-beads was used to sort the semm,then TRFIA was applied to detect the level of galectin 3,and the result was compared with that of routine TRFIA.ROC curve was constructed to determine the cutoff value and sensitivity for pancreatic cancer diagnosis.Results The method of nanomagnetic beads sorting TRFIA detected the level of galectin 3 between O.78 and 100 ng/ml in a linear manner,the intra-CV was ≤6.38％,and inter-CV was ≤7.22％,and average recovery rate was 105.3％.The serum level of galectin-3 in control group by nanomagnetic beads sorting TRFIA was 0.38 (0.02 ～ 3.06) ng/ml,which was significantly higher than that detected by routine TRFIA [0.18 (0.00 ～ 2.64) ng/ml,P =0.000).The serum levels of galectin-3 by nanomagnetic beads sorting TRFIA in pancreatic cancer,acute pancreatitis,pancreatic cysts and healthy volunteers were 4.85(0.00 ～42.67),0.69(0.00～ 13.62),0.70(0.00 ～ 14.54),0.38(0.02 ～ 3.06) ng/ml,and the level of galectin-3 in pancreatic cancer was significantly higher than that in acute pancreatitis,pancreatic cysts and healthy volunteers group (P ＜0.01),while the difference among the other three group was not significantly different.The AUC of galectin-3 for pancreatic cancer was 0.851 ± 0.040,95％ CI:0.772 ～ 0.929.While using 1.07 ng/ml as the cut-off value,the positive rates for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,acute pancreatitis,pancreatic cysts and healthy volunteers were 84.1％ (74/88),34.0％ (17/50),20.0％ (2/10),10.0％ (2/20),and the sensitivity for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer was significantly higher than those in other 3 groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Nanomagnetic beads sorting TRFIA tandem analysis method can enrich serum galectin-3,and increase the sensitivity of detection for pancreatic cancer and enhance the diagnostic value of galectin-3 for pancreatic cancer.

Objective: To investigate echocardiography characteristics and clinical significance in patients with diastolic mitral regurgitation. Methods: A total of 15 patients with diastolic mitral regurgitation were studied including 1 patient with large volume of aortic regurgitation, 6 with atrial ifbrillation (AF), 2 with atrial lfutter, 1 with II° type I atrio-ventricular block (A-V block), 1 with II° type II A-V block and 4 with III° A-V block. The characteristics of mitral regurgitation were observed, the heart rates, left ventricular size were measured and left ventricular function was detected in all patients. Results: There was 1 large volume aortic regurgitation patient with diastolic mitral regurgitation occurred in slow iflling phase with less volume, it was less than positive velocity; 1 AF patient occurred in mid and late diastolic phase with less volume, it was obviously less than positive velocity; the rest 8 patients all occurred in mid and late diastolic phase, the velocity reached or surpassed to positive velocity. All 15 patients had slow heart rate, increased left heart, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, tissue Doppler imaging showed that the early diastolic peak slowed down in mitral ring. There were 93% (14/15) patients having obvious systolic regurgitation. Conclusion: The time phase, quantity and velocity of diastolic mitral regurgitation have various characteristics, most of them associated with systolic regurgitation combining abnormal cardiac structure and function. Echocardiography provides important information for clinical treatment.