Objective To develop the software for the assessment of radionuclide concentration and doses from atmospheric dispersion. Methods Based on procedures for radionuclide atmospheric dispersion and dose assessment in IAEA publications (safety series reports No. 19), a parameter database was constructed using Microsoft Access, and the dispersion model and dose assessment methods were computerized using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, then we got the dose assessment software for radionuclide atmospheric dispersion. Results Atmospheric radionuclide concentration and public effective dose in a year could be estimated rapidly with the present software. Conclusion The present software provides a practical and rapid tool for evaluation and assessment the influence of radionuclide atmospheric dispersion, which can be used in the evaluation of atmospheric radionuclide concentration in routine monitoring or nuclides/radiological emergency, and also can be used as the screening evaluation in environmental surveillance.

Objective To investigate the effect of informational support on disease uncertainty in liver cancer patients undergoing interventional therapy. Methods Sixty patients of liver cancer patients undergoing interventional therapy were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 30 in each.The control group was treated with general treatment and care. The patients in the intervention group were given general treatment and care with a series of informational support interventions. Patients in the two groups were measured by uncertainty in illness scale (MUIS) at the day of admission,before operations and discharged from hospital. The measurement results were statistically analyzed. Results There was significant decrease about disease uncertainty scores both on the day before operation and the day before discharge in the intervention group compared to the day of admission. The decreasing score of uncertainty in illness in the intervention group was significantly greater than the control group on the day before operation and the day before discharge. Conclusions A series of informational support interventions could significantly reduce the diseases uncertainty in liver cancer patients undergoing interventional therapy.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of clinical application sheets for special antibiotics on clinical medication and the existing questions in implementation and irrational phenomena caused by the use of antibiotics.METHODS All the applications sheets for the first month clinical use of special antibiotics in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively,and their used dosage before and after of was compared monthly.RESULTS It was indicated that the partial application sheets were filled out incompletely;the dosage of special antibiotics after clinical application was declined obviously,while the pathogen test rate for the sample was too low and the starting point of the preventive use of antibiotics in some departments was too high.CONCLUSIONS The applications sheets for special antibiotics promote the rational usage of antibiotics in some extent;however,there is still deficiency in operation.Meanwhile,there are some problems in the clinical medication in our hospital and need to take the comprehensive preventive measures to manage it.

Objective To explore and provide guidelines for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of primary nephrotic syndrome complicated with acute pancreatitis. Methods The clinical data of 14 children with primary nephrotic syndrome complicated with acute pancreatitis during September 2013 to September 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 14 children (6 males and 8 females) aged 3 to 15 years. all children presented massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, varying degrees of edema, hyperlipidemia and pain in upper abdomen or left hypochondrium. Seven children had nausea and vomiting, and their amylase in serum and urine fluctuated at 392–802 U/L and 561–3180 U/L, and the lipase level was 339.1±2.52 U/L. After supportive treatment, 13 children were cured from pancreatitis except one who gave up the treatment. Conclusion Due to infection, coagulation disorder, hyperlipidemia and drug application in primary nephrotic syndrome, acute pancreatitis may be induced. Clinician should be alerted to it and early diagnosis and treatment were needed for acute pancreatitis.

Objective To develop a radionuclide parameter database on internal contamination in nuclear emergencies. Methods By researching the radionuclides composition discharged from different nuclear emergencies, the radionuclide parameters were achieved on physical decay, absorption and metabolism in the body from ICRP publications and some other publications. The database on internal contamination for nuclear incidents was developed by using MS Visual Studio 2005 C# and MS Access programming language. Results The radionuclide parameter database on internal contamination in nuclear emergency was established. Conclusions The database may be very convenient for searching radionuclides and radionuclide parameter data discharged from different nuclear emergencies, which wonld be helpful to the monitoring and assessment of internal contamination in nuclear emergencies.

Objective To investigate antimicrobial prophylaxis in clean operation,and provide evidence for formu-lating antimicrobial management measures.Methods 12 types of clean operation cases who discharged from a tertia-ry first-class hospital in May of 2011 -2014 were selected,120 cases were selected each year,patients were divided into group I and group II according to the types of operation,survey forms were designed,assessment criteria for the rationality of antimicrobial use was formulated, antimicrobial use in different years was compared. Results Prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents for clean operation decreased from 93.33% in 2011 to 35.00% in 2013 and 2014;rates of correct medication time increased from 43.75% in 2011 to 97.62% in 2013 and 92.86% in 2014 respectively;rates of medication according to indications,rational choice of antimicrobial agents,and rational treatment course increased from 42.86%,60.71 %,and 21 .43% in 2011 to 100.00% in 2014 (all P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Special rectification activities of antimicrobial use effectively promoted the standard application of anti-microbial agents for clean operation.

BACKGROUND:The mechanism and effect of glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK-3β) in the differentiation of cardiac stem cel s into cardiomyocytes are stil unclear, although GSK-3βis closely related to the life activities of cel s.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the changes of GSK-3βexpression in the treatment of myocardial infarction in rats undergoing cardiac stem cel transplantation.
METHODS:The isolation and culture of cardiac stem cel s were performed in 10 neonatal rats. Lentivirus overexpressing GSK-3βor LacZ (control) was constructed and transferred into cardiac stem cel s. Animal model of myocardial infarction was made in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats. Six weeks after model preparation, rat models were assigned into GSK-3β, LacZ or PBS group. GSK-3βor LacZ overexpressing cardiac stem cel solution or PBS in equal volume was injected into the rat myocardium, respectively. Four weeks after transplantation, the cardiac function and myocardial col agen production in rats were detected and compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the other two groups, the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher, and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter was significantly lower in the GSK-3βgroup (P<0.05). Hydroxyproline content, type I col agen mRNA, and type III col agen mRNA expression were significantly lower in the GSK-3βgroup than the other two groups (P<0.05). Findings from Masson staining showed that the content of blue-stained col agen was significantly lower in the GSK-3βgroup than the LacZ group. Moreover, lowest myocardial infarction size was found in the GSK-3βgroup (P<0.05). Al these experimental findings show that GSK-3 overexpression plays a positive role in promoting the therapeutic effect of cardiac stem cel transplantation.

Objective We aimed to describe the application value of continuous glucose monitoring system in patients with advanced gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Pregant women in the medium and late pregant phases (24～35 weeks) underwent GDM screen test from January 2006 to April 2007. They first received 50 g glucose challenge test and 100g OGTT was performed 3 days later when the blood glucose was higher than or equal to 7.8mmol/L. According to the diagnostic criteria from American Diabetes Mellitus (ADA) 47 women were diagnosed to possess GDM and they were further divided into the test group (25 cases) and the control group (22 cases). The test group received 72 hours continuous glucose monitoring (CGMS). The control group adopted peripheral blood glucose monitoring using blood from the fingertip, 7 times per day. Results There were no records of consciousness hypoglycemic symptoms and hypoglycemia during monitoring. The CGMS data suggested that the record of the percent of high blood glucose was (17.5±3.1)%, percent of low blood glucose was (2.4±0.9)%, which were higher than those of the control group, which were (14.3±2.2)% and 0. Conclusions We recommend pregant women with GDM to undergo CGMS while using peripheral blood glucose monitoring with blood from the fingertip. It could systemicly evaluate the real control condition of blood glucose and ensure the safety of both mothers and babies.

Objective To assess the accuracy and precision of γ-spectrometry analysis, and to obtain accurate and valid measurement results in the middle term and long term. Methods A nationwide intercomparison on gamma-ray spectrometry measurement of activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil and building material was organized by National Institute for Radiological Protection( NIRP) , China CDC. Results 15 laboratories participated in this intercomparison, with 13 laboratories produced acceptable results. Only 2 laboratories were classified as " not acceptable" , including one for inappropriate accuracy in determination of 40K and another for inappropriate precision determination of 226Ra in both kinds of the samples. Through comment and discussion, the second round intercomparison got satisfactory results. Conclusions The overall measurement results of samples for intercomparison are in close agreement with the reference values. Most of the laboratories involved in the intercomparison have good ability in γ-spectrometry analysis.

Objective To describe a simplified generic procedure to evaluate the external exposure dose evaluation in radiological emergency, and to compile the corresponding computer software. Methods Based on the related reports of IAEA, this generic procedure of external exposure dose evaluation in radiological emergency was compiled to computer software by Visual Basic 6.0. Results The generic procedure for evaluation of external exposure dose could be used in the external exposure radiation accident emergency. The actual accident data were input in this software, then the results from this software agreed with those of the actual accident well. The maximum error was 40% , and the minimum error was 6%.Conclusions The generic procedure for evaluation of external exposure dose could provide practical emergency response guidance. The software might help to evaluate the accidental dose more quickly and accurately, and provide scientific basis to take the immediate response actions.