Objective To observe the clinical effect of Sangpa Zhike decoction in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Methods 180 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis admitted to Autonomous Prefecture Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in Changji,Xinjiang,from August 2012 to August 2013 were enrolled. They were divided into Sangpa Zhike decoction treatment group and western medicine treatment control group by random number table,90 cases in each group. General treatments were given to the two groups. In the Sangpa Zhike decoction treatment group,additionally only oral Sangpa Zhike decoction was given(composition:Morus alba 10 g,loquat leaf 10 g,Houttuynia 10 g,honey aster 15 g,honey coltsfoot flower 6 g,Zhejiang Fritillaria 12 g,perilla 10 g,white mustard seed 6 g,Platycodon grandiflorum 10 g,Rhizoma Cynanchi Stauntonii 12 g,tangerine peel 6 g,Stemona 6 g). The ingredients were mixed in water and boiled to form a decoction,one dose daily,divided into two parts to be taken twice a day. In the western medicine treatment group,the infection was controlled by western medicine and the drugs to eliminate cough and phlegm,etc were used. The therapeutic course in both groups was 7 days. The therapeutic effect for treatment of TCM syndromes and the cough quantized integration score in the two groups were observed after treatment. Results The cure rate of Sangpa Zhike decoction treatment group was significantly higher than that of western medicine treatment control group〔70.00%(63/90)vs. 33.33%(30/90),P<0.01〕. Before treatment,the cough symptom quantization integral scores in the two groups had no statistically significance, but after treatment,the scores in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. And the score in Sangpa Zhike decoction treatment group was decreased more significantly (1.66±1.12 vs. 4.36±2.32, P<0.01). Conclusion Sangpa Zhike Decoction has obvious curative effect in the treatment of acute attack of chronic bronchitis.