AIM:To study the function of pancreatic ? cells in the R6/2 transgenic mouse of Huntington's disease(HD),and to elucidate the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying diabetes mellitus in transgenic mice of HD. METHODS:By using the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD,fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin concentration in plasma of normal and HD mice were detected. Further,HE staining and immunofluorescence technique were used for morphometric analysis of islets in normal and HD mice. RESULTS:In contrast to normal mouse,R6/2 HD mouse showed hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia in fasting state. Pancreatic islets morphology showed that islets atrophied and cell number decreased in HD mouse. Poor functional index was observed in these mice,but insulin resistance index was normal. CONCLUSION:Impaired function of pancreatic cells may be the key factor contributing to the pathogenesis of diabetes in the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD.

Objective To study the effect of heat shock protein 40(HSP40) and heat shock protein 70(HSP70) on the aggregate formation of mutant huntingtin (htt) and its toxicity in N2a cells. Methods The effect of the over-expression of HSP40 and HSP70 alone or co-over-expression of them on aggregate formation of transfected mutant htt (containing 150 glutamine repeats, 150Q) in N2a cells was detected by fluorescence microcopy and Western blotting. Cell viabilities were detected by MTT assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected by colorimetric method. Results The over-expression of HSP40 and HSP70 alone, especially the co-over-expression of them, dramatically decreases the formation of 150Q htt aggregates in N2a cells. The numbers of aggregates in each group are as follows ( n = 1 000): about 50% in the group of 150Q htt-expressing alone, about 12% in the group of over-expression of HSP40, about 15% in the group of over-expression of HSP70, about 5% in the group of co-over-expression of HSP40 and HSP70. The result of MTT assay shows that the over-expression of HSP40 and HSP70 alone, especially the co-over-expression of them, dramatically increases cell viabilities ( P<0.01, n =3) and reduces the production of ROS ( P<0.01, n =3). Conclusion HSP40 and HSP70 can increase cell viabilities of 150Q N2a cells via inhibiting the aggregates formation of mutant huntingtin and reducing oxidative stress.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that under certain conditions, mesenchymal stem cels can be induced to differentiate into hepatocytes and promote local angiogenesis to generate new capilary network and build rich colateral circulation for the purpose of improvement and treatment of liver cirrhosis. OBJECTIVE:To review the latest advances in mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of liver cirrhosis. METHODS:PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases were searched using keywords of marrow stem cels, hepatic cirrhosis in the title and abstracts for articles addressing mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for liver cirrhosis published from January 2000 to December 2014. Finaly, 53 articles were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mesenchymal stem cels have self-replication and multi-directional differentiation potential, and also possess paracrine and immune functions, which are ideal seed cels used for cel replacement therapy. At present, the techniques for isolation, culture, identification andin vitroamplification of mesenchymal stem cels have been quite mature, and animal studies have confirmed that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels is safe and effective to treat decompensated cirrhosis, which can fundamentaly treat target organ damage and improve liver function, but there are stil many clinical issues to be resolved.

We have engaged in active exploration on how to improve teaching effectiveness of Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Legal Basis.We used many methods,such as changing teaching concepts,studying teaching content,reforming teaching and test methods etc.and have achieved a certain degree of success.

Objective To investigate the rate of lower reproductive tract infection during pregnancy and the its impact on pregnancy outcome.Methods Five hundred and twenty pregnant women were enrolled in the study who were hospitalized for delivery from Jan.2010 to Jan.2012 at Hebei Port Group Company Limited Harbor hospital.All pregnant women were performed the bacteria detection in vagina before delivery,including candida albicans,bacterial vaginosis,trichomonas,mycoplasma,trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae,group B hemolytic streptococci GBS.The pregnant outcomes were followed.According to the results of bacteria detection,107 patients (20.58％) were with varying degrees of vaginitis and they were served as positive group.Other 403 patients were served as negative group.Results (1) Of 107 vaginitis women,48 cases (44.86％) were infected with candida albicans,and 22 cases (20.56％) were with bacterial vaginosis.The infection by mycoplasma,chlamydia,group B streptococcal infections were majority,while the trichomonas vaginalis,Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection were minority.(2) Compared with the negative group,incidence of premature rupture of membranes,preterm birth,puerperal infection and fetal distress in positive group were higher and the differences were significant(15.89％ vs.5.08％,12.15％ vs.3.15％,8.41％ vs.1.94％,5.61％ vs.1.21％ ; x2 =14.642,14.498,11.264,7.934; P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The incidence of genital tract infection is higher during the pregnancy.Bacteria infection detection should be performed and treated as early as possible in order to reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcome.

Objective To observe the effect ofShenmal injection on vascular endothelial function after cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats.Methods 30 rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group and aShenmal group, with 10 in each. Except the sham operation group, animal models of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury were established by the right internal carotid artery occlusion of middle cerebral artery. Then shenmal injection was given to theShenmal group, 2 ml/100 g Sodium Chloride was given to the other groups, once per day, for successive 7 days. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) were tested. Results In Shenmal group, ET-1(126.10 ± 6.07 ng/mlvs.105.41 ± 0.09 ng/ml), hs-CRP (15.93 ± 2.79 mg/Lvs. 9.33 ± 1.32 mg/L) and Hcy (11.01 ± 0.98 μmol/Lvs. 8.13 ± 0.46 μmol/L) were decreased after the treatment, while NOS (168.87 ± 9.25 U/mlvs.242.25 ± 10.36 U/ml) and NO (84.03± 6.02vs.102.42± 5.05) were increased after the treatment with statistical difference(P<0.05).ConclusionShenmalinjection can improve NOS activity and promote the synthesis of NO, decrease the level of plasma ET-1, hs-CRP and Hcy, reduce endothelial inflammatory exudation, and prevent vascular endothelial dysfunction caused by cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective To study the synovial lesions of finger joint of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with high frequency ultrasound ( HFUS). Methods HFUS examination of finger joints of both hands were performed in 42 patients with RA and 30 healthy volunteers. The ultrasound findings of the finger joints in RA patients included intra-articular fluid,the thickness of synovial membrane,vascular proliferation. and the blood flow characteristics. Results The intra-articular fluid was found in 256 joints and the detection rate was 42. 38% (256/840). Synovial membrane hyperplasia was found in 223 joints with the detection rate of 26.55% (223/840). The detection rate of HFUS for vascular proliferation was 6.07% (51/840). Conclusions HFUS is an easy, safe and effective method for the diagnosis of RA thus providing useful evidences for clinical diagnosis.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine combined with vinpocetine in patients with cerebral infarction.MethodsAtotal of 206 patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into a controlgroup and a combined treatment group according to the random number table, 103 in each group. The control group was treated with aspirin and vinpocetine, the combined treatment group received Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine injection on the basis of the control group. The serum contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), as well as the serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were detected before and after the treatment. The electroencephalography (EEG) amplitudes and the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were recorded before and after the treatment .ResultsIn the combined treatment group, the serum content of MDA was significantly decreased (151.36 ± 11.36 mmol/Lvs.62.23 ± 4.11 mmol/L;t=74.878,P<0.01), while the serum content of NO (110.31 ± 9.51 mmol/Lvs.154.23 ± 12.21 mmol/L;t=28.801,P<0.05) and the serum levels of SOD (55.52 ± 4.47 U/mlvs.85.39 ± 7.21 U/ml;t=35.735,P<0.05) and NOS (115.21 ± 8.39 mmol/Lvs.190.12 ± 11.29 mmol/L;t=54.049,P<0.01) were significantly increased than before the treatment. The rCBF (39.39 ± 2.45 ml/100 g?minvs. 69.95 ± 4.25 ml/100 g?min;t=32.385,P<0.05) and EEG (62.41% ± 4.58%vs.97.02% ± 9.67%;t=31.012,P<0.05) in the combined treatment group were significantly increased than before the treatment. The total efficiency rate in the combined treatment group was significant higher than that in the control group (88.3% vs. 66.9%;χ2=12.343, P=0.004).ConclusionsSalvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine combined with vinpocetine has a beneficial therapeutic effect in patients with cerebral infarction, and it is probably associated withincreasing cerebral blood flow and enhancing antioxidant activity.

The quality of teachers is the key to enhance the effectiveness of "Two Courses" teaching.This paper mainly talks about the basic qualities of "Two Courses"teachers,such as the ideology and politics,professional ethics,theory,business technology,capacity and so on.

Objective: To systematically review the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism and cerebral infarction in Chinese Han population. Methods: The pertinent literature of the gene polymorphism and the case control studies of cerebral infarction in Chinese Han population were researched comprehensively by combined application of 5 effective retrieval approaches. The odds ratio (OR) of the genotype distribution in cerebral infarction group and control group were calculated. Results: A total of 1986 patients with cerebral infarction and controls were included in the meta-analysis. After the data were pooled, the OR values of ApoE ε2/ε3, ApoE ε3/ε3, ApoE ε2/ε4, ApoE ε3/ε4, and ApoE ε4/ε4 were 0. 59 (95% CI, 0.44-0. 79), 0. 52 (95% CI, 0. 40-0.69), 2.00 (95% CI, 1.22-3.28), 2.77 (95% CI, 1.60-4.81 ), and 4. 66 (95% CI, 1.61-13.48), respectively. Conclusions: ApoE ε2/ε4, ApoE ε3/ε4 and ApoE ε4/ε4 genotypes are the risk factors of cerebral infarction. ApoE ε2/ε3 and ApoE ε3/ε3 genotypes are the protective factors of cerebral infarction.