Objective:Chinese Herbal Compound I were determined by screening of Radix Scutellariae,Cortex Fraxini,Radix Pulsatillae and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis.The optimal dose of Trimethoprim which combined with it against bacteria in vitro were determined.Method:The composing prescriptions were designed by L9(34) orthogonal test.The antibacterial effect of Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia Coli and Salmonella in vitro were evaluated by double dilution method.The number of Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia Coli and Salmonella which had been inhabited by Chinese Herbal Compound I combined with Trimethoprim for 1,2,4h and 8h,were enumerated by Plate Counts Methods.Then the killing rate of Chinese Herbal Compound I combined with Trimethoprim were calculated.The experimental data were fitted by least squares method and the optimal dose of Trimethoprim were determined.Result:The Composition of Chinese Herbal Compound I were mixed in the proportion of 1 to 4 to 1 to 2 with Radix Scutellariae,Cortex Fraxini,Radix Pulsatillae and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis.The optimal dose of Trimethoprim was 2mg/g.Conclusion:Antibacterial action and synergistic action of Chinese Herbal Compound I were significant.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of lumbar posterolateral fusion versus circumferential fusion in the treatment of the lumbar disease.

METHODSSearched MEDLINE (January, 1966 to December, 2007), EMBASE (January, 1984 to December, 2007), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial (4th Quarter 2007), The China Biological Medicine Database (1984 to December, 2007), and hand searched several related journals, such as Spine, European Spine Journal, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Chinese Journal of Surgery, Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics, Chinese Journal of Spine and Spinal Cord, and so on. Searched the reviews, the clinical results and some other related studies on the two fusion techniques, and the quality of included trials was evaluated. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently with a designed extraction form. RevMan 5.0.5.0 software was used for data analysis of the fusion rate, the complication rate, the re-operation rate, the operative blood loss, the clinical outcome, and the operation time.

RESULTSFour randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving 437 patients were included. The results of Meta-analysis indicated that in the fusion rate [OR 0.47, 95%CI (0.24, 0.94), P = 0.030], the complication rate [OR 0.53, 95%CI (0.32, 0.87), P = 0.010], and the operative blood loss [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -349.95, 95%CI (-561.64, -138.26), P = 0.001], the circumferential fusion group was significantly higher than the posterolateral fusion group. And in the re-operation rate [OR 2.28, 95%CI (1.30, 3.98), P = 0.004] the posterolateral fusion group was significantly higher than the circumferential fusion group. There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical outcome [OR 1.04, 95%CI (0.64, 1.68), P = 0.870] and the operation time [WMD = -90.24, 95%CI (-190.20, 9.71), P = 0.080].

CONCLUSIONSTo compare with the posterolateral fusion, the circumferential fusion can increase the fusion rate and reduce the re-operation rate, but it can also increase the complication rate and the blood loss. More high quality large-scale randomized controlled trials are required.

Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the effect of moderate pain on attentional bias towards emotional pictures among healthy subjects.Methods Thirty-two healthy college students aged from 17 to 26 (21.8±2.2;16 males and 16 females) participated in this study.A tourniquet was tied to each subject's left upper arm 1 to 2cm above the cubits horizontal grain.Pain was inflicted by inflating the tourniquet,and the pressure was maintained at 26.66kPa.While tourniquet was inflated (with pain) or not (no pain),each subject was asked to finish a pictorial dot-probe task with three kinds of pictures-emotionally positive,negative and neutral.In experiment 1,subjects performed the dot-probe tasks with the contralateral hand while the tourniquet was tied on the left upper arm without inflation.In experiment 2 the tourniquet was inflated until the subject completed the dot-probe task (for about 10min).The reaction times (RTs) and the error rates (Ers) in the recognition task were recorded,and the intensity of the subject's pain and discomfort were measured using a verbal rating scale.Results The subjects reported moderate to severe pain with the tourniquet inflated.The RT and ER data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) which showed a significant difference between the average RTs of the males (482±73ms without pain and 466±82ms with pain) and those of the females (536±90ms without pain and 519±100 ms with pain).The average ER was significantly different between the pain (2.38±1.49)％ and no pain (1.09±0.82)％ conditions in both groups.Holn-Sidak multiple comparison testing showed significant differences in both groups' average ER between the negative picture (3.81±1.73)％ and the positive picture (1.66±0.97)％,and between the negative and neutral pictures (1.68±0.8) ％ in the pain condition.Mild attentional avoidance was observed with the positive [pain condition (-5.1±4.8) ms and no pain (-4.6±4)ms] and negative pictures [pain condition (-3.43±6) ms and no pain (-0.79±4.1)ms],but no significant difference was found between the pain and no pain conditions.Conclusion The error rate in a pictorial dot-probe task is influenced by pain,especially with negative pictures.

Objective To investigate the thermal effects on tissue structures during microwave endometrial ablation(MEA)and seek a feasible method of endometrial thinning and a fitting mode of applicator radiating microwaves.Methods Operations were performed between the group of thorough uterine curettage and the group of early follicular phase in in vitro or in vivo uterus.The former was treated with MEA after thorough uterine curettage;while the latter was treated with MEA in the early follicular phase directly.The applicator radiating microwaves were moved in "Z" or "Z+W" shape inside uterine cavity.At the same time the serosal temperature was measured in the uterine fundus,tael cornua uteri,the posterior wall and the lower part of anterior wall.After operations the uterine specimens were stained by hematoxylin- eosin,and respiratory enzyme dehydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase(NADH-d) methods.The morphologic changes and the depth of tissue thermal damage were evaluated using an optical microscope and electron microscope.Results(1)Under the optical microscope the endometrial glands became distorted,the cell boundaries disappeared,the nucleoli turned condensed and were stained darker. A large number of acute inflammatory cells appeared in fibrous tissue.In the shallow muscle layer cells were arrayed thickly,nucleoli were solidified and condensed,and cellular plasm were concentrated.The endometrial and the superficial muscle layers were damaged and colorless with NADH-d staining.The scope of the tissue thermal damage was clearly seen.Under an electron microscope,some smooth muscle ceils, chromatin,karyotheca and cellular membranes were destroyed.The mitochondria were swollen,membranes were ruptured,and the crista disappeared.Many organelles were destroyed.The chromatin was lightly wrecked in the transitional area between putrescence and the normal smooth muscle tissue.Karyotheca and cellular plasm still existed,the mitochondria were highly edematous and the crista were disappeared,and the granular endoplasmic reticula were slightly expanded and degranulated.(2)The serosal temperature in in vitro uterus was significantly higher than that in in vivo uterus(P0.05).The injury depth of the "Z+ W" radiation group increased significantly than that of the " Z" radiation group(P

Objective To determine the length of warm ischemic (WI) tolerance in bronchial graft from non-heart-beating donors. Methods Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (each group having 12 rats) according to different WI durations including WI-0 min (group A), WI-30 min (group B), WI-45 min (group C) and WI-60 min (group D). In each group, the tracheae from 6 rats were respectively imbedded in greater omentum of other 6 rats, and 14 days later, the transplanted tracheae were taken from recipients to evaluate epithelial thickness and regeneration. Results Epithelial thickness and the degree of epithelial regeneration had no significant difference (P >0. 05) between the syngeneic control group and the WI-30 minutes group. All of the grafts with WI duration of 45 min were viable, but the epithelium was significantly thinner than that in the syngeneic control group (P<0. 05). However all of the grafts with WI duration of 60 min showed lower viability rate. Conclusion The time limits of tolerance to WI of tracheal grafts from NHBDs may be 45 min.

Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether intrapericardial urokinase irrigation along with pericardiocentesis could prevent pericardial constriction in patients with infectious exudative pericarditis.

METHODSA total of 94 patients diagnosed as infectious exudative pericarditis (34 patients with purulent pericarditis and 60 with tuberculous pericarditis, the disease courses of all patients were less than 1 month), 44 males and 50 females, aged from 9 to 66 years (mean 45.4 +/- 14.7 years), were consecutively recruited from 1993 to 2002. All individuals were randomly given either intrapericardial urokinase along with conventional treatment in study group, or conventional treatment alone (including pericardiocentesis and drainage) in control group. The dosage of urokinase ranged from 200000 to 600000 U (mean 320000 +/- 70000 U). The immediate effects were detected by pericardiography with sterilized air and diatrizoate meglumine as contrast media. The long-term investigation depended on the telephonic survey and echocardiographic examination. The duration of following-up ranged from 8 to 120 months (mean 56.8 +/- 29.0 months).

RESULTSPercutaneous intrapericardial urokinase irrigation promoted complete drainage of pericardial effusion, significantly reduced the thickness of pericardium (from 3.1 +/- 1.6 mm to 1.6 +/- 1.0 mm in study group, P < 0.001; from 3.4 +/- 1.6 mm to 3.2 +/- 1.8 mm in control group, P > 0.05, respectively), and alleviated the adhesion. Intrapericardial bleeding related to fibrinolysis was found in 6 of 47 patients with non-blood pericardial effusion and no systemic bleeding and severe puncture-related complication was observed. In follow-up, there was no cardiac death, and pericardial constriction events were observed in 9 (19.1%) of study group and 27 (57.4%) of control group. Cox analysis illustrated that urokinase could significantly reduce the occurrence of pericardial constriction (relative hazard coefficient = 0.185, P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONThe early employment of intrapericardial fibrinolysis with urokinase and pericardiocentesis appears to be safe and effective in preventing the development of pericardial constriction in patients with infectious exudative pericarditis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pericardiocentesis ; Pericarditis ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Pericarditis, Constrictive ; prevention & control ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; administration & dosage

Objective To investigate the geographical characteristics of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of candidate genes associated with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population.Methods Study population were Chinese Han nationality recruited from Xi'an,Shiyan and Ningbo districts.Patients with coronary artery disease were defined by coronary angiography with stenosis ≥ 50% and control subjects with stenosis ＜10%,respectively.The DNA was extracted from peripheral white blood cell by approach comprised proteinase K digestion,phenol and chloroform extraction as well as isopropanol precipitation.The SNP of ATP-binding cassette transporter(ABCA1)-G596A,cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CETP)-Taq1B,Lipoprotein lipase(LPL)-Hind Ⅲ and LPL-Pvu Ⅱ were genotyped by PCR-RFLPs,and verified by gene sequencing.Results A Total of 615 patients undertaken coronary angiography were recruited from cardiac center in Xi'an(220),Ningbo(209)and Shiyan district(186),China (mean age 60±10 years,75.9% males).Diabetes melitus was more prevalent in Xi'an Cohort population than Shiyan and Ningbo cohort(P＜0.01).Plasma total cholesterol,LDL cholestcol and trigtyceride levels in Xi'an Cohort population were significantly higher,and HDL-C siginificantly lower than in Shiyan and Ningbo cohort population [HDL-C:(1.17±0.48)mmol/L vs.(1.25±0.33)mmol/L and (1.29±0.44)mmol/L,P＜0.05].Distribution differences for ABCA1-G596A and CETP-Taq1B genotypes were found in Xi'an Cohort population compared to Ningbo and Shiyan cohorts(for ABCA1,Xi'an:0.24,0.53,0.23 and Shiyan:0.17,0.62,0.21 and Ningbo:0.34,0.37,0.29,for GG,AG,AA,respectively,P＜0.01;and for CETP,Xi'an:0.29,0.54,0.17 and Shiyan:0.38,0.40,0.22 and Ningbo:0.39,0.49,0.12 for B181,B182,B282,respectively,P＜0.01),but not for LPL variants.ABCA1-G596A variant predicted HDL-C [Xi'an:(1.2±0.3)mmol/L,(1.3±0.2)mmol/L and(1.4±0.4)mmol/L,P=0.01;Shiyan:(1.1±0.4)mmol/L:(1.2±0.3)mmol/L and(1.3±0.4)mmol/L,P=0.03;Ningbo,(1.2±0.3)mmol/L,(1.3±0.4)mmol/L and(1.4±0.3)mmol/L,across GG,Gato AA genotype,respectively,P=0.01]and TG levels[Xi'an:(2.4±1.3)mmol/L,(1.9±0.9)mmol/L and(1.6±0.8)mmol/L,P＜0.01;Shiyan:(2.1±1.0)mmol/L,(1.9±0.8)mmol/L and(1.8±0.7)mmol/L,P=0.03;Ningbo:(1.9±1.1) mmol/L,(1.8±0.9) mmol/L and(1.6±0.7)mmol/L,across GG,GA to AA genotype,P=0.05] with dose-dependent relationship.LPL-Hind Ⅲ(+)carriers had higher triglycerides in three cohort population[Xi'an:(2.2±1.0)mmol/L,(1.8±0.9)mmol/L,(1.6±0.7)mmol/L,P=0.01;Shiyan:(2.1±0.7)mmol/L,(1.9±1.0)mmol/L,(1.7±0.6)mmol/L,P=0.01;Ningbo:(1.8±1.0)mmol/L,(1.6±0.6)mmol/L and(1.4±0.5)mmol/L,for +/+,+/-and-/-genotypes,respectively,P=0.001].SNP of CETP-Taq1B,LPL-Hind Ⅲ and LPL-Pvu Ⅱ predicted HDL-C and/or TG levels in different cohort population with different manners.All these SNP were not significantly associated with the development of coronary artery disease (all P＞0.05).Conclusion A geographical heterogeneity of environmental and genetic risk factors related to the development of coronary artery disease exists in Chinese Han population.Irrespective of the different geographical cohort of Chinese Han population,the SNP of candidate genes can partly predict the differences in risk-related plasma HDL-C and/or TG levels rather than angiographic coronary artery disease.

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of different heat stress conditions on expression level of heat shock protein gp96 in K562 cell line of chronic myeloid leukemia in order to provide experiment basis for seeking optimal heat stress condition increasing extraction amount of gp96 from K562 cells. The expression changes of gp96 in K562 cell line was detected by immunocytochemistry under 38, 40, 42, 44, 46 and 48 degrees C for 30 minutes in water, by flow cytometry under 40, 44, 48 and 52 degrees C for 30 minutes in water, by Western blot under 40, 44, 48 and 52 degrees C for 30 minutes in water. Immunocytochemistry assay showed that gp96 existed mainly in cytoplasm. The peak of gp96 expression was at 30 minutes after 48 degrees C in water. The result of flow cytometry was consistent to immunocytochemistry detection results under temperatures 40, 44, 48 and 52 degrees C (P < 0.01). Western blot showed that detection result was the same as the immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry detections. In conclusion, the expression of gp96 in K562 cell line reached peak at 30 minutes after 48 degrees C in water. This condition may be an effective preparative condition for extraction of gp96 from K562 cells.
Antigens, Neoplasm ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Blotting, Western ; Flow Cytometry ; Heat-Shock Response ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of combined vaccination with 200IU dose of HBIG and 20 μg of anti-HBV vaccine for the prevention of HBV vertical transmission in babies delivered by HBeAg + and highly viremic mothers and the HBV markers' dynamic changes in babies during follow-up.

METHODSHBeAg + mothers with HBV DNA ≥ to 1.0 × 6 log(10) copies/ml were enrolled and their babies were followed up until 12 months old. The infants received HBIG 200 IU IM in 24 hrs and on day 15, and 20 μg recombinant anti-HBV vaccine at 0, 1 and 6 months. The HBV markers and HBV DNA were tested at birth day, and 1, 7, 12 months after birth respectively. The vertical transmission rate at birth and intrauterine infection rate, the HBsAb positive rate and the HBV markers' dynamic changes during follow up were evaluated.

RESULTS(1) 29 out of 127 infants with HBsAg (+) at birth, 11 of which were HBV DNA (+), HBV perinatal transmission rate was 22.83%. 2 infants' HBsAg were positive at month 1 and became negative at month 7 and 10 infants were still HBsAg (+) and HBV DNA (+). HBV intrauterine infection rate was 7.87%. (2) The positive rate of HBeAg and HBcAb in uninfected infants were 96.58% and 98.29% respectively, which declined gradually to undetectable level after immunization. No infants were HBeAb (+). (3) Infants uninfected produced effective HBsAb after vaccination. The level of HBsAb elevated gradually, and the level of HBeAg decreased quickly even to undetectable.

CONCLUSIONThe combination vaccination of 200 IU HBIG with 20 μg recombinant anti-HBV vaccine in the Infants delivered by HBeAg (+) and highly viremic mothers reduced obviously the rate of perinatal transmission of HBV, enhanced largely the production of antibody against HBV surface antigen and dropped the maternal HBeAg and HBcAb in infants or even to negative.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; administration & dosage ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Immunization ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; prevention & control ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult