Orbscan-II anterior system was used for early diagnosis of keratoconus. 48 Eyes of 24 patients with suspicious keratoconus were examined by Orbscan-II anterior system from Dec. 1999 to Dec. 2000 and followed up. The values of Diff and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were recorded. Results indicated that values of Diff and ACD were increased in 4 eyes of 2 patients with keratoconus trend during follow-up. Taking advantage of Orbscan-II anterior system to observe the values of Diff and ACD can early diagnose the sub-clinical keratoconus. The values of Diff and ACD can sensitively report the progression of keratoconus.
Anterior Chamber/pathology ; Cornea/pathology ; Corneal Topography/*instrumentation ; Corneal Topography/methods ; Evaluation Studies ; Keratoconus/*diagnosis ; Keratoconus/ultrasonography

This experimental study sought to determine the repeatability of a Video Keratography System specially designed for animals with small eyes. From day 5, ten newly hatched White Leghorn chicks were reared with monocular hyperopic defocus using -5.0D (n = 3), -10.0D (n = 3), -15.0D(n = 4) spherical PMMA lenses on their right eyes; the left eyes served as controls. Two sets of corneal topographical measurements, each set separated by about 5 minutes apart, were collected from both eyes of each animal at the end of 2-wk treatment period (i. e., 19 days of age). Each set of measurements consisted of five consecutive readings of corneal astigmatism. Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate the repeatability of 3, 4 or all 5 readings from each set of data. When all 5 consecutive readings were used, the mean difference (95% limits of agreement) for the right treated and left untreated eyes were, respectively, -0.09D (-0.81, 0.64) and -0.02D (-0.86, 0.82). There was a tendency that lesser readings from each set of data produced greater difference between the two sets of measurements, although the differences (-0.19D) were not clinically significant. The Video Keratography System specially designed for animals with small eyes produced repeatable measurements for both treated and untreated eyes in chickens. Further studies are needed to validate other biometric features associated with corneal changes during normal and abnormal eye growth.
Animals ; Astigmatism ; diagnosis ; Chickens ; Cornea ; anatomy & histology ; Corneal Topography ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design

To assess the application of Keratograph 5M in evaluating tear film and meibomian gland function in patients with dry eye.A total of 144 eyes were recruited in the study, in which 72 eyes were from patients diagnosed with dry eye and 72 eyes were from healthy subjects. All subjects finished following tests or examinations:ocular surface disease index (OSDI) to evaluate eye symptoms; Keratograph 5M examination to obtain tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) including first NIBUT (NIBUT-Fir) and average NIBUT (NIBUT-Ave), and infrared meibography; and fluorescein sodium staining to obtain fluorescein tearbreak-up time (FBUT).Dry eye group had higher OSDI score than healthy control group, but its TMH, NIBUT-Fir and NIBUT-Ave were lower than those in healthy control group (all<0.01). Total meiboscore in dry eye group was higher than that in healthy control group (<0.01), and it showed a significant correlation with NIBUT-Fir and NIBUT-Ave (=-0.449 and -0.398,<0.01), but no correlation with ages was observed (=0.031,>0.05). The NIBUT-Fir and NIBUT-Ave showed a significant correlation with FBUT (=0.833 and 0.727,<0.01).Keratograph 5M is a convenient, accurate and non-invasive method to assess the function of tear film and meibomian gland, and the new meibography scoring system can evaluate the function of meibomian gland objectively and succinctly.
Corneal Topography ; instrumentation ; Diagnostic Equipment ; Dry Eye Syndromes ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meibomian Glands ; diagnostic imaging ; Tears ; diagnostic imaging

PURPOSE: We classified the Orbscan anterior elevation maps in normal eyes (under myopic, emmetropic and hyperopic conditions) and in those after myopic refractive surgery. We did this classification to demonstrate how Orbscan anterior elevation maps are useful in screening for the existence and extent of previous myopic refractive surgery. Such a classification can help clinicians interpret preoperative and postoperative topographies. METHODS: We measured for visual acuity and refractive power in 4800 eyes. After a slit-lamp examination, a corneal topography exam was performed with an Orbscan corneal topography system. The eyes were divided into two groups, with Group I representing those who had not had refractive surgery (4438 eyes). Group II included those who had undergone previous refractive surgery to correct myopia (362 eyes). RESULTS: In Group I, the central island type (43.0%) was the most common, followed by the temporal ridge (25.8%), the with-the-rule regular ridge (16.7%), the against-the-rule regular ridge (6.6%), the nasal ridge (4.0%), and the saddle type (2.1%). In Group II, the depressed lake type (69.9%) was most common, followed by the de-centered ablation type (21.3%). The trend line of the postoperative central anterior surface elevation (E) and the ablation power of refractive surgery were calculated. Ablation power of refractive surgery=0.0047 E+0.0083 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that it is possible to use Orbscan anterior elevation maps to screen for the extent of previous refractory surgery used in the correction of myopia. This study may also be useful in understanding the shapes of Orbscan anterior elevation maps before and after myopic refractive surgery as well as in determining the degree of ablated myopic refractive power and decentration.
Vision Screening/*instrumentation ; Retrospective Studies ; Preoperative Care ; Postoperative Period ; Myopia/*diagnosis/surgery ; *Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Humans ; Equipment Design ; *Corneal Topography ; Cornea/*pathology ; Adult

Orbscan-II anterior system was used for early diagnosis of keratoconus. 48 Eyes of 24 patients with suspicious keratoconus were examined by Orbscan-II anterior system from Dec. 1999 to Dec. 2000 and followed up. The values of Diff and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were recorded. Results indicated that values of Diff and ACD were increased in 4 eyes of 2 patients with keratoconus trend during follow-up. Taking advantage of Orbscan-II anterior system to observe the values of Diff and ACD can early diagnose the sub-clinical keratoconus. The values of Diff and ACD can sensitively report the progression of keratoconus.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; pathology ; Cornea ; pathology ; Corneal Topography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The 2.2-mm microincision cataract surgery and small-gauge vitrectomy system is known to result in less surgically-induced astigmatism (SIA) in comparison to conventional surgical methods. We compared the amounts of SIA after combined phacoemulsification and 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (23G-TSV) using the 2.2-mm microincision and 2.75-mm standard incision methods. METHODS: We studied 59 patients (61 eyes) who underwent combined phacoemulsification and 23G-TSV from November 2008 to September 2012. Twenty-eight patients (28 eyes) underwent 2.2-mm microincision coaxial phacoemulsification, and 31 patients (33 eyes) underwent 2.75-mm standard incision phacoemulsification. SIA was evaluated using Naeser's polar method with the simulated keratometric values obtained from corneal topography. Preoperative and 1-week and 1-month postoperative KP (Naeser's polar value along the specific axis) and DeltaKP values were compared between the 2.2-mm microincision and 2.75-mm standard incision groups. RESULTS: One week after surgery, both groups exhibited similar amounts of SIA (-DeltaKP[120], 0.40 +/- 0.41 vs. 0.51 +/- 0.56 diopters [D]; p = 0.390). One month after surgery, however, the amount of SIA was significantly smaller in the 2.2-mm microincision group as compared to the 2.75-mm standard incision group (-DeltaKP[120], 0.31 +/- 0.54 vs. 0.56 +/- 0.42 D; p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS: In combined phacoemulsification with 23G-TSV, 2.2-mm microincision coaxial phacoemulsification induces less SIA than does 2.75-mm standard coaxial phacoemulsification.
Aged ; Astigmatism/diagnosis/*etiology ; *Cataract ; Cornea/surgery ; Corneal Topography/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular/*adverse effects/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phacoemulsification/*adverse effects/methods ; Postoperative Complications/diagnosis/etiology ; Sclera/surgery ; Vitrectomy/*adverse effects/instrumentation/methods