Objective To investigate prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of radial ray abnormalities and its clinical value. Methods All the fetus that entered usual prenatal ultrasound diagnosis were scanned each limb using a systematic continuous sequence approach (SCSA) with Acuson Sequoia 512 and GE Logiq 400 equipments. All the artificial aborted fetal radius malformation also had ultrasound examination in a simulating intrauterine estate and /or X-ray examination. Results Correctly diagnosis was made in 13 cases fetal radial ray abnormalities by prenatal ultrasonography following SCSA through the scaning course. All the fetal radial ray abnormalities had radius absence(only one skeleton in the forearm) or radius dysplasia and characteristic radial club hand. Ray abnormalities can be classifyied into three types on ultrasonography: type Ⅰ, radius absence; type Ⅱ,radius part absence; type Ⅲ,radius dysplasia.Conclusions Mastering characteristic radial club hand and SCSA are the keys to diagnose fetal radial ray abnormalities by prenatal ultrasonography.

Objective To investigate prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of clubfoot and its clinical value.Methods Three thousands pregants ranging gestational age from 12 through 40 weeks were checked using Ascuson Sequoia 512 equipment.The diagnosis of clubfoot was made prospectively at the time of the scan by the following criteria: the ball of foot had to be visible in the same plane as the longitudinal section of bones of the lower leg,unchanging with fetal activity and reproducible for several images.All prenatal ultrasonographic dignoses of clubfoot were proved by autopsy or newborn physical examination.Results A total of 17 cases clubfoot fetuses were prenatal diagnosed by ultrasonography.Fourteen of 17 clubfoot fetuses had associated with complex abnormalities,three of them were isolated clubfoot.Fourteen of 17 cases with clubfoot prenatal diagnosed by ultrasound were proved by autopsy.Another three cases with clubfoot were proved by newborn physical examination,two of them were false positive diagnosis.Conclusions Prenatal diagnosis of clubfoot is reliable by ultrasound.It is helpful in diagnosis with other structural abnormalities associated with clubfoot.It can also provide direction for clinical obstetrical management.

Objective To evaluate the cost-benefit of netting cultivation to block the spread of Oncomelania snails in lake re-gions. Methods The cost-benefit of netting cultivation was investigated by interviewing in the field,the cost of Oncomelania snail survey and control was investigated by retrospective review in Gaoyou Lake regions of Jinhu County from 2009 to 2011. The benefit of netting cultivation to block the spread of snails in lake regions was calculated by the benefit-cost ratio(BCR),and then the cost-benefit of them was calculated. Results The area of netting cultivation in Gaoyou Lake regions was 70.77 hm2,the aver-age cost of netting cultivation was 495 595 yuan every year,the average income was 962 000 yuan every year,and the average ben-efit of netting cultivation was 466 405 yuan. The average cost of Oncomelania snail survey and control from 2009 to 2011 was 85 047.87 yuan in Gaoyou Lake regions. The ratio of cost-benefit was 1.11∶1. The benefit was more than the cost. Conclusion There is a well benefit in lake regions during blocking the spread of snails by netting cultivation.

Objective To review the ultrasonographic evaluation on fetal facial anatomy and malformations in prenatal diagnosis. Methods Continuous 4 200 prenatal ultrasonographic evaluation during gestation age 14 40 weeks from August 2000 through June 2002 entered the present study. Routine coronal, sagittal and transverse planes were applied to scan the fetal facial structures after the fetal position was confirmed and/or adjusted. Results Superficial facial anatomic structures as well as the deep bony structures of the fetal faces were clearly displayed and correctly recognized on the three routine planes in 4 184 cases ( 99.62 %), but not the palate. Seventy eight facial malformations of 29 fetuses were correctly diagnosed. Whereas 9 malformations of 7 fetuses were missed to recognize, and 2 suspected cleft palate were demonstrated normal after delivery. The diagnoses were confirmed after subsequent labor or induced labor. The total detection rate reached 89.66 %. The false negative rate was 10.34 %, and the false positive rate was 0.05 %. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values were 85.29 %, 99.95 %, 99.83 %, 93.55 % and 99.88 % respectively. Conclusions The majority of fetal facial superficial and deep structures is clearly demonstrated on prenatal ultrasonic imaging on the 3 routine scanning planes. Prenatal ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetal face is a reliable and accurate diagnostic modality so far as the skills become more sophisticated.

Objective To review the prenatal ultrasound features and clinical value of fetal micrognathia.Methods All 13 500 cases were scanned for fetal faces with routine transverse,coronal and sagittal planes during prenatal ultrasonography.Results Thirteen cases with micrognathia were detected by prenatal ultrasonography.Midsagittal and coronal scans of all fetuses with micrognathia demonstrated small mandible and receding chin and the lower lip reside posterior to the upper lip.All prenatal diagnosed fetuses micrognathia were confirmed by autopsy.Conclusions Prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal micrognathia relied on subjective evaluation of fetal profile on a midline sagittal and a coronal scan of fetal face.Micrognathia may be a clue or marker of chromosomal anomalies and syndrome.Prenatal detecting of micrognathia has important clinical value.

Objective To compare the sonographic and pathologic features of calcified and non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ DCIS Methods A total of 83 lesions in 82 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed pure DCIS were recruited One patient had bilateral lesions All lesions were divided into calcified DCIS and non-calcified DCIS according to the presence of calcifications on mammography Their sonographic features and pathologic reports for all patients with DCIS were retrospectively reviewed Statistical comparisons were performed using the chi-square test Results 1 Calcified DCIS showed positive ultrasound US findings in 80% 44 55 of cases The most common US finding was nonmass lesions 43 6% 24 55 Nine cases had pure ductal dilatations 16 4% 9 55 Non-calcified DCIS showed positive US findings in 96 4% 27 28 of cases The most common US finding was mass 89 2% 25 28 Two cases had pure ductal dilatations 7 1 % 2 28 No significant difference was found in the shape margin orientation posterior feature of a mass between the calcified and non-calcified groups P >0 05 Significant difference was observed in the size boundary echogenicity on ultrasound of the two groups P <0 05 2 At histopathology the pathological scores high nuclear grade positive ER status positive PR status positive Ki67 status and the presence of Her-2 neu oncogene were more common in the calcified group than in the non-calcified group Conclusions Calcified and non-calcified pure DCIS have different pathologic and sonographic features Calcified DCIS has more aggressive histological features than non-calcified DCIS.

BACKGROUND: Chitosan wound dressing has been extensively used in the treatment of wounds and burns, not only because of its bacteriastasis, hemostasis and promoting the wound healing, but also its good biocompatibility,biodegradability and biological functions.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of chitosan wound dressing for deep second-degree burn, thereby providing clinical basis for its registration.METHODS: Sixty patients with deep second-degree burn were randomly allotted to two groups, and then subjected to the external application of chitosan wound dressing (experimental group) or chitosan biomedical dressing (control group),respectively. Then, the therapeutic efficacy was evaluated through healing time, recovering rate and pain scores, and the safety was evaluated through the incidence of adverse reactions and laboratory indexes before and after treatment.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the wound healing time [(21.23±6.84) days vs.(23.77±4.26) days], recovery rate and pain scores between the experimental and control groups at 14, 21 and 28 days after treatment (P > 0.05). The blood routine, liver function and kidney function indexes before and after treatment did not differ significantly between groups. Additionally, neither adverse nor severe adverse events occurred in the two groups.These results indicate that the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the chitosan wound dressing are equivalent to the control product in the treatment of deep second-degree burn.

This study was aimed to establish quality standards of Granati pericarpium and Granati semen. The microscopy and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were used in the identification of Granati semen. According to the 2010 Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the content of moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash and alcohol-soluble extract were determined. And the HPLC was used in the content determination of ellagic acid in Granati semen and Granati pericarpium. The results showed that the microscopic characteristics of Granati semen were identified. And TLC identification of Granati semen was established. The content determination method of ellagic acid in Granati pericarpium and Granati semen were established. It was concluded that the established qualitative and quantitative method can be used for quality control of Granati pericarpium and Granati semen.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of ultrasound breast imaging reporting and data system (BI‐RADS) in small solid breast masses with diameter ≤1 cm. Methods The ultrasound features of 230 solid breast masses with diameter ≤ 1 cm were described by ultrasound BI‐RADS, the relationship between ultrasound features, BI‐RADS final assesment and pathology were analyzed. Results Of these 230 masses, 72 (31 3.% ) were pathologically confirmed to be malignant and 158 (68 7.% ) to be benign. The ultrasound BI‐RADS features of mass shape, margin, orientation, posterior acoustic features, and microcalcificaition were significantly different between malignant and benign masses( P < 0.05). Irregular shape, noncircumscribed, nonparallel orientation, postrior shadowing, microcalcifications were regarded as malignant ultrasound features, their positive predictive values(PPV), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for malignancy were 53 3.% -100%, 2 8.% -75 0.%, 82 3.% -100%, 69 6.% -80 9.%, respectively. One hundred and fifty‐two(66.1% ), 62(27 0.% ), 16(7 0.% ) masses were classified into grade 3, 4, and 5, respectively. The PPV for grade 3, 4 and 5 were 10 5.%, 64 5.%, 100% respectively. Among BI‐RADS grade 3 cases, 87 5.%malignant masses were intraductal carcinoma in situ and special type of invasive cancer, among pathological benign BI‐RADS grade 4 masses, 90 9.% were hyperplasia and intraductal papilloma. Conclusions In small breast masses with diameter ≤ 1 cm, due to the sensitivity of malignant signs are not high, the overlap between signs of benign and malignant lesions, pathological type and other factors, the positive predictive value of BI‐RADS grade 3 is higher than criteria of American College of Radiology, so BI‐RADS classification requires further detailed study.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of postoperative chemoradiation for D2 dissection gastric cancer,and to compare the difference of toxicity between confromal and traditional radiotherapy.Methods Sixty four patients with T3-4,N + or R1 were enrolled.Radioation was given to a total dose of 46Gy delivered in 23fractions by use of 3D-CRT or 4 fields traditional radiotherapy.Chemothrepy was administered with paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 day 1 and 29,cisplantin 20 mg/m2 day 1 ～3 and day 29 ～31 during radiotherapy.Results The median follow-up time was 40 months.The 3-year overall and relapse-free survival rates were 78.2% and 70.9%,respectively.Eighteen patients had tumor relapse.Fifty-three patients completed chemoradiotheray.Toxicities on grade 3 or above included gastrointestinal toxicity (28.1% ),eutropenia (21.8 % ) and alopecia ( 18.7% ).One patient died of hemorrhage of upper digestion tract.Conclusion Adjuvant radiotherapy with paclitaxol and cisplatin yielded satisfactory overall survival and disease-free survival in gastric cancer patients.The toxicity was manageable.Conformal radiotherapy seems to decrease the gastrointestinal toxicities compared to that occurred in the traditional radiotherapy.