Objective To investigate the value of procalcitonin (PCT) for urosepsis secondary to ureteral calculus.Methods Samples of 68 ureteral calculi patients who were suspected of urosepsis were obtained for PCT level,C-reactive protein (CRP) level,blood routine examination,urinary sediment,blood culture and urine culture.Sixty-eighy patients were divided into urosepsis group and non-urosepsis group based on the urosepsis diagnostic standard.The age sex,stone location,stone size,blood WBC count,CRP level,PCT level and urine WBC count were compared between the 2 groups.PCT levels before and after treatment were also compared.Results The age,stone size in urosepsis group were significantly higher than those in non-urosepsis group.The PCT levels of patients in urosepsis group and non-urosepsis group were 19.09±25.15 μg/L and 2.09± 1.85 μg/L respectively before treatment,and there was a significant difference between the 2 groups (P＜0.05).The blood WBC counts (× 109/L) of patients in urosepsis group and non-urosepsis group were 11.00± 3.47 and 10.27±2.32 respectively before treatment (P＞0.05).The CRP levels of patients in urosepsis group and non-urosepsis group were 17.41±15.24 mg/L and 15.02±4.94 mg/L respectively before treatment (P＞0.05).The median urine WBC counts (per HPF) of patients in urosepsis group and non-urosepsis group were 54 and 47 respectively before treatment (P＞0.05).The PCT levels of patients in urosepsis group before and after treatment were 19.09 ± 25.15 μg/L and 1.06 ± 0.56 μg/L,and there was a significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusion PCT has a definite value for early diagnosis of urosepsis,condition assessment and treatment guideline.