Objective:To determine AR-Ⅰ content in total furostanol saponins of Asparagus cochinchinensis.Methods: High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used and the condition was: Diamonsil C_(18) column(5 mm?250 mm,5 ?m);mobile phase:(CH_(3)CN-H_(2)O(36∶64);) flow rate: 0.8 ml/min;injector volume:20 ?l;colum temperature: room temperature.Evaporative light scattering detector(ELSD) condition was: drift tube temperature: 40℃;and nebulizer gas pressure(N_(2)): 2.0?10~(5) Pa.Results: The linearity was good when AR-I was within the range of 0.094-0.940 0 g?L~(-1)(r=0.999 2).The test had higher sensitivity and good stability.The average recovery was 101.3%(n=6)and RSD was 2.36%.Conclusion: HPLC-ELSD is practical and reliable for the determination of the furostanol saponins of Asparagus cochinchinensis.

Objective To investigate the value on clinical application of dynamic and combined detection of serum tumor markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP),Golgi protein 73 (GP73),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU) in early diagnosis and monitoring treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Serum levels of AFP,GP73,VEGF,AFU in 98 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (the malignant group) before and 3 months after treatment were detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,which compared with the levels of 50 liver benign lesions (the benign group) and 50 healthy subjects (the normal group).Results The levels of serum AFP,GP73,VEGF,AFU in the malignant group before treatment were (219.16 ± 56.89) μg/L,(355.42 ± 109.26) μg/L,(88.21 ±24.22) μg/L,(276.51 ±83.20) U/L.These indexes in the benign group were (14.95 ± 3.26) μ g/L,(56.43 ± 15.72) μ g/L,(2.68 ± 1.27) μ g/L,(25.38 ± 11.17)U/L.These indexes in the normal group were (14.67 ± 3.07) μ g/L,(55.06 ± 14.21) μ g/L,(2.36 ± 1.14) μ g/L,(24.29 ± 10.10) U/L.There were statistical differences between the malignant group and the benign group,normal group (P ＜ 0.01).The levels of these indexes after treatment in the malignant group were (25.66 ±8.17) μg/L,(65.32 ±24.15) μg/L,(4.67 ± 1.89) μg/L,(35.23 ± 12.36) U/L,there were statistical differences between before treatment and after treatment (P ＜ 0.01).The sensitivity and accuracy of combined detection of these tumor markers in diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma were 95.92％ (94/98) and 93.24％(138/148),which were statistically higher than single detection(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion The dynamic and combined detection of serum tumor markers could be applied as supplementary means in early diagnosis and monitoring treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective:To establish an Ehrlich reaction-colorimetry method for determining furostanol saponins in saponins extract from Radix Asparagi.Methods: Based on the coloration reaction between furostanol saponins and p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde,a colorimetry method was established to determine the content of furostanol saponins in saponins extract from Radix Asparagi at 510 nm.Saponins AC-9 was measured as reference in the determination.Results: The standard curve of saponins AC-9 showed good linearity in the range of 0.08-0.40 mg and the average recovery was 99.79%(RSD=(1.05%).) Conclusion: This method is rapid,accurate and easy to be carried out,and it can be used to control the quality of Radix Asparagi.

Objective To investigate the value of combined detection of serum tumor biomarkers including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP),tumor specific growth factor (TSGF),golgi protein 73 (GP73) and osteopontin (OPN) in diagnosis of primmy hepatic carcinoma.Methods AFP,TSGF and GP73 levels were measured by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay,and OPN levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 122 cases of primary hepatic carcinoma,50 cases of liver benign lesions and 50 cases of healthy control.The biological parameters and the levels of AFP,TSGF,GP73 and OPN were studied.Results The serum levels of AFP,TSGF,GP73 and OPN in primary hepatic carcinoma were higher than those in the liver benign disease group and the normal control group (all P ＜ 0.01).Sex and age of the patients at diagnosis showed no significant association with the levels of the four serum tumor biomarkers in the primary hepatic carcinoma groups (all P ＞ 0.05).But the tumor size,amount,tumor stage,metastasis and recurrence showed significant association with the levels of those in the primary hepatic carcinoma groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and veracity of serum AFP,TSGF,GP73 and OPN as individual diagnostic marker was only 57.38 ％,68.85 ％,70.49 ％ and 69.67 ％,respectively.The sensitivity of combined detection of AFP and TSGF was 80.33 ％,and that of combined detection of AFP,TSGF and GP73 was 85.25 ％.While,the sensitivity of the four serum tumor markers in combination was 98.36 ％,the accuracy was 95.65 ％.The sensitivity and accuracy of combined detection with the four serum tumor markers were significantly higher than those of the individual markers and other combination detection methods (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Serum markers of AFP,TSGF,GP73 and OPN can serve as a means for diagnosis of primary hepatic carcinoma.Combined detection of the four serum tumor biomarkers can improve the sensitivity,accuracy and the negative predictive value,which is benefit to early diagnosis and interference.

Objective To explore the effects of estrogen on stress-induced senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the underlying mechanisms. Methods The VSMCs of passage 2-3 cultured from female SD rats were induced into senescence by exposing to 150μmol/L H2O2 in the presence or absence of different concentrations(10-10mol/L-10-8mol/L) of 17β-estradiol (E2). The expressions or activities of senescence associated marker DcR2, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal), oncogene Ras and p21WAF1 were detected by flow cytometry, cytochemical staining, pull-down assay or Western blotting analysis. Results Flow cytometry analysis showed that in the physiological concentrations, E2 significantly inhibited the H2O2-promoted high-level expression of DcR2 of VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner, with a highest inhibitive rate at 14.48%±0.6%(E2=10-8 mol/L;P<0.05, n =3);this inhibitive effect could be blocked by a E2 receptors inhibitor ICI 182,780. Cytochemistry staining showed that the rate of SA-β-Gal positive VSMCs induced by H2O2 decreased in presence of 10-8mol/L E2 (20.5%±1.4% vs 9.6%±0.9%;P<0.05, n =9). Pull-down assay and Western blotting analysis revealed that administration of 10-8mol/L E2 obviously reduced the H2O2-induced activity of Ras (0.60±0.06 vs 0.26±0.04;P<0.05, n =3) and expression of p21WAF1 (0.46±0.04 vs 0.33±0.02;P<0.05, n =3). Conclusion E2 exerts, an inhibitive effects on stress-induced senescence of VSMCs by suppressing the activity of Ras and expression of p21WAF1. This finding suggests a novel mechanism for the hormone's anti-atheroschlerotic effects.

0.05).The concentration of IL-6 in sputum of multi-virus infection group(122.51?39.86)ng/L was higher than in single virus infection group(65.30?34.92)ng/L.The concentration of IL-6 in sputum of bacteria-virus mixed infection group(120.31?46.62)ng/L was higher than in bacteria or virus single infection group(83.61?47.83)ng/L.Conclusion Streptococcus pneumonia and influenza virus A infection are important factors in AECOPD at early stage.Virus infection would prolong recovery time,increase inflammation of the airway and even induce bacteria infection.Therefore,we should pay more attention to the virus infection in COPD patients,especially A-type influenza virus.

Objective To study the possible mechanism of hearing impairment after noise exposure .Methods Adult SD rats (n=14) were monaurally exposed to a loud noise (16 kHz ,one octave band pass (116 dB SPL)) for 1-hour ,or left as non-exposed controls (n=8) .The ABR was measured before and on the 7th day following unilateral noise exposure .All the Animals were euthanased at 7th day following acoustic trauma .We used Western blots to quantify protein levels of PV ,CR and CB in the inferior colliculus .Results The auditory thresholds in 8 , 12 ,16 ,20 ,24 ,and 32 kHz of all the ears exposed to noise showed a significant increase (P<0 .001) .Compared to the sham -exposed controls ,noise-exposed animals had significantly higher levels of PV and CR and lower levels of CB in both the ipsilateral and contralateral IC than controls (P<0 .05) .Respectively ,all the noise-exposed ani-mals had higher levels of PV and CR in the ipsilateral IC than ipsilateral side (P<0 .05) .Conclusion These studies display a significant threshold shift and changes on the expressions of PV ,CR and CB in IC following acoustic trau-ma ,which may be related to noise deafness ,tinnitus and other series of auditory dysfunction .