Objective:To explore the relationship of teachers'job burnout with job stress,coping swategies associated with job stress,teachers'sense of efficacy,self-esteem,locus of control,social support in primary and secondary schools.Methods:Questionnaires about teachers'job burnout,job stress,coping strategies associated with job stress,teachers' sense of efficacy,self-esteem,locus of control,social support were applied to 766 primary and secondary teachers from Shandong and Hubei provinces.Results:(1)Teachers' job burnout was significantly positive correlated with its job stress,inactive coping and locus of control(r=0.23～0.40);(2)Teachers' job burnout was significantly negative correlated with its active coping,teachers' sense of efficacy,self-esteem and social support (r=-0.28～0.41).Conclusion:Teachers' sense of efficacy,job stress,self-esteem,locus of control,inactive coping, active coping and social support significantly can predict their job burnout.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; immunology ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; metabolism ; Th17 Cells ; metabolism

Background Age-related cataract is one of the common causes of blindness.Although the pathophysiology of age-related cataract is far from clearly understood,it is well accepted that DNA damage plays an important role in the disease pathogenesis.Objective The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of age-related cataract.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out.This study complied Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Ethic Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Two hundred and eleven patients with agerelated cataract and 147 normal subjects were enrolled from a “ Jiangsu Eye Study:Funing 2011 Eye Disease Epidemic Survey”.All the subjects aged from 50 through 80 years with matched age and gender between the two groups.The percentage of tail DNA and Olive tail moment (OTM) were detected by comet assay to assess the extent of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes.Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 17.0 software,and the differences of the percentage of tail DNA and OTM were compared between the age-related cataract group and normal control group by independent sample t test as well as among the 50-59 years group,60-69 years group and ≥70 years group by one-way analysis of variance.Results Comet assay showed a round lymph cell with the clear border in the normal group;while in the age-related cataract group,the cell was bigger with a comet-like tail.The percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (21.75 ± 3.51) ％ and 6.54 ± 1.65 in the age-related cataract group,and those in the normal control group were (9.31 ±3.60)％ and 2.18 ± 1.10,respectively,with significant differences between them (t =32.67,P =0.00 ; t =28.02,P =O.00).In the 50-59 years subgroup of the age-related cataract group,the percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (20.04±2.86) ％ and 5.92± 1.14,and in the 60-69 years subgroup of the age-related cataract group,the percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (20.77 ±2.93) ％ and 6.13 ± 1.14,which were significantly reduced in comparison with (22.79 ± 3.67)％ and 6.95±1.91 of the ≥70years subgroup(TailDNA％:q=2.75,P=0.00; q=2.02,P=0.00;OTM:q=1.03,P =0.02 ; q =0.82,P =0.00).Conclusions The pathogenesis and development of age-related cataract probably is associated with DNA damage.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the possible association of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism with genetic susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a Chinese population.

METHODSFive hundred and eight HCC cases and 543 controls were studied. The MTHFR genotypes were determined using a PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Odds ratios (ORs) for HCC and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from unconditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate relative risks. Potential HCC risk factors were included in the logistic regression models as covariates in the multivariate analyses on genotypes and HCC risks.

RESULTSNo overall significant difference in genotype distribution was found when comparing all HCC cases to controls (P = 0.258). However, a significantly increased risk of HCC was observed among T/T homozygotes (adjusted OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.08-2.54, P<0.05) compared to C-allele carriers (CC or CT). When stratified with sex, this trend was more prominent in females, but not in males. Females who were homozygous (T/T) for the C677T polymorphism were at a 2.64-fold (95% CI = 1.19-5.88, P<0.05) increased risk of developing HCC when compared to C-allele carriers. However in males, T/T homozygotes had a similar risk with C-allele carriers.

CONCLUSIONThe MTHFR C677T polymorphism may be associated with a higher HCC risk in females, but not in males in this population.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic

BACKGROUNDIt is known that excessive release of glutamate can induce excitotoxicity in neurons and lead to seizure. Dexamethasone has anti-seizure function. The aim of this study was to investigate glutamate-dexamethasone interaction in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, identify differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus of glutamate-induced epileptic rats by mRNA differential display, and observe the effects of dexamethasone on these genes expression.

METHODSSeizure models were established by injecting 5 microl (250 microg/microl) monosodium glutamate (MSG) into the lateral cerebral ventricle in rats. Dexamethasone (5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally at 30 minutes after MSG inducing convulsion. The rats' behavior and electroencephalogram (EEG) were then recorded for 1 hour. The effects of dexamethasone on gene expression were observed in MSG-induced epileptic rats at 1 hour and 6 hours after the onset of seizure by mRNA differential display. The differentially expressed genes were confirmed by Dot blot.

RESULTSEEG and behaviors showed that MSG did induce seizure, and dexamethasone could clearly alleviate the symptom. mRNA differential display showed that MSG increased the expression of some genes in epileptic rats and dexamethasone could downregulate their expression. From more than 10 differentially expressed cDNA fragments, we identified a 226 bp cDNA fragment that was expressed higher in the hippocampus of epileptic rats than that in the control group. Its expression was reduced after the administration of dexamethasone. Sequence analysis and protein alignment showed that the predicted amino acid sequence of this cDNA fragment kept 43% identity to agmatinase, a member of the ureohydrolase superfamily.

CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study suggest that the product of the 226 bp cDNA has a function similar to agmatinase. Dexamethasone might relax alleviate seizure by inhibiting expression of the gene.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Electroencephalography ; drug effects ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Glutamate ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy of electroacupuncture on sepsis and explore its mechanism.

METHODSFifty cases were randomized into an observation group (26 cases) and a control group (24 cases). The therapeutic programs of anti-infection, anti-shock, respiratory support and nutritional support were provided, but the drugs that might affect gastrointestinal motility were not prescribed in two groups. In the observation group, on the basic treatment as above, electroacupuncture was applied to Zusanli (ST 36), Tianshu (ST 25), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Xiajuxu (ST 39). The excretion ratio of lactulose to mannitol (L/M) in urine and serum D-lactic acid level were detected before and after treatment, as well as the time of target feeding of the patients in two groups. The efficacy was compared between two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment for 3 days, L/M was (0.083 +/- 0.020) and serum D-lactic acid was (0.155 +/- 0.196) mmol/L in the observation group, which were apparently reduced as compared with (0.123 +/- 0.034) and (0.193 +/- 0.377) mmol/L in the control group respectively (both P < 0.05). The time of target feeding was (93.69 +/- 27.58) h in the observation group, which was shortened apparently than (118.17 +/- 40.28) h in the control group (P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 80.8% (21/26) in the observation group, which was better than 54.2% (13/24) in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONConventional treatment combined with electroacupuncture can improve intestinal permeability in sepsis patients, recover intestinal function as quickly as possible to achieve target feeding.

Acupuncture Points ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Lactulose ; metabolism ; Male ; Mannitol ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Permeability ; Sepsis ; metabolism ; therapy

Objective To analyze factors that influence the power density of light curing units.Methods The power density values of 104 curing-light units from two dental hospitals in Hangzhou were investigated.Three lights among them with different power density were used to project to the radiometer sensor at different distances and angles.The power density was measured also when the curing tips were coated with protective sleeve or not.Results The values of power density were from 0 to 1180 mW/cm2.The mean power density was (519.7 ± 294.5) mW/cm2.With the curing distance increasing,the power densities were decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).When the distance was 8 mm,the power densities were (545.7 ± 25.1),(448.0 ± 22.7) and (200.0 ± 7.5) mW/cm2.The power densities decreased to (269.0 ± 3.0),(265.3 ± 26.8) and (129.7 ± 4.7) mW/cm2 as the projecting angle increased to 60°.There was statistically significant difference in power density between the curing tips with or without protective sleeve (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The factors that influence power density of light-curing units were the curing distance,projected angle and protective sleeve.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the pathohistological changes of the livers and the clinical features of patients with biliary tract complications after their orthotopic liver transplantations.

METHODSFrom Sept 1998 to June 2005 clinical and pathological data of 173 post-liver transplantation patients with biliary tract complications were analyzed.

RESULTSBiliary tract complications occurred within 3-2920 days after the transplantation operations. These complications occurred within 1-30 days, 31-90 days, 91-180 days, 180 days at rates of 49.71%, 17.92%, 4.62%, 27.74% respectively. The complications were of inflammatory nature in 171 cases, (72.25%), and of obstructive nature in 164 cases (27.74%). The main pathological changes were epithelium degeneration of interlobular bile ducts, inflammatory cell infiltration in portal areas, proliferation of interlobular bile ducts, fibrosis in portal areas, cholestasis in small bile ducts and hepatocytes.

CONCLUSIONMany of the biliary tract complications of post-liver transplantation in our cases were of inflammatory nature and they often occurred within 30 days after the surgery. Obstructive nature complications often occurred in 90 days after the surgery and the prognosis of these cases was much poorer. The pathological changes of live tissues shown in liver biopsies are important for prognostic evaluation, differential diagnosis and categorization of biliary tract complications.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Biliary Tract Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholangitis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Gallstones ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUND: The recombinant adenovirus has certain toxic reactions to cell growth and survival, but the determination of the optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) is not well documented. OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness and toxicity of transfection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by adenovirus vectors with different MOIs, and to explore the effect on osteogenic capability of the cells. METHODS: BMSCs at passage 5 were infected with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) via adenovirus vectors with different MOI (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250). Cell morphology and mortality rate were observed and calculated using trypan blue staining method at 24 hours after cell transfection. The transfection efficiency and the relative mRNA expression of EGFP and Runx2 were analyzed respectively by inverted florescent microscopy and real-time quantitative PCR at 48 hours after cell transfection. The activity of BMSCs transfected with different MOIs was evaluated by MTT, and the optimal MOI was determined thereafter. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the increase of MOI, BMSCs showed decreased adherent ability, and even some cells aged and died. The mortality rate of BMSCs transfected for 24 hours at a MOI of 0 to 250 was 5.80%, 6.67%, 7.95%, 7.76%, 10.35% and 11.18%, respectively, indicating that the mortality rate of BMSCs is positively correlated with the MOI. The transfection efficiency changed insignificantly when the MOI was greater than 100. On the contrary, the cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation capability of rabbit BMSCs were receded when the MOI level was up to 200-250. The study discovered that the suitable scope of MOI to transfect BMSCs is 50-150, and the optimal MOI is 100.

OBJECTIVETo observe the prevalence of J wave in apparently healthy subjects in Wuhan.

METHODSThe study subjects comprised of 1817 apparently healthy subjects (1131 males, mean age 46.38 +/- 15.81 years; 686 females, mean age was 42.77 +/- 14.15 years). ECG and routine medical examinations were performed. J wave was defined as a wave followed QRS complexes with amplitude of at least 0.05 mV and 0.03 s.

RESULTSThe overall incidence of J wave was 7.26%. The incidence of J wave in males was significantly higher than in females (10.53% vs. 1.87%, P < 0.01). The incidence of J wave in leads of inferior wall (II, III, avF), right wall (V(1 - 3)) and left wall (V(4 - 6)) was 4.57%, 0.50%, and 2.20%, respectively. J wave located in leads of inferior wall was more than in left and right walls (both P < 0.05). The incidence of J wave positively correlated with age (y = 0.1387x + 1.6318, r = 0.78, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSJ wave is more likely seen in males and aged people and is more likely located in leads of inferior wall, than in leads of left and right walls.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence ; Young Adult