Objective To explore the effect of donepezil combined with memantine in ameliorating the cogni-tive function and psychological behavior of patients with Alzheimers'disease(AD).Methods 214 AD patients were randomly divided into the control groupand observation group.The control group were treated with memantine,and the observation group were treated donepezil combined with memantine.Before and after treatment,MMSE and WHO -UCLA AVLT,BEHAVE -AD were utilized to assess the cognitive function,psychological behavior,respectively.The adverse effects were observed using TESS and laboratory examination.Results The scores of MMSE and its subitem, WHO -UCLA AVLT(Immediate memory,short -term memory and long -term memory)after treatment significantly increased as compared with those before treatment in the control group and the observation group(P <0.01 or P <0.05),while the cases of psychological behavior,the score of BEHAVE -AD and its subitem decreased(P <0.01 or P <0.05).The observation group showed statistically significant difference in the increasion of the scores of MMSE and its subitem,WHO -UCLA AVLT,and the decreasion of the cases of psychological behavior,the score of BE-HAVE -AD and its subitem comparison with the control group(t =-1.742,-1.431,-1.626,-2.173,-1.448,-1.026,-1.016,-1.279,-1.971,χ2 =12.295,7.609,8.917,t =0.778,1.139,2.004,1.153,0.822,1.944, P <0.01 or P <0.05).The total effective rate of the observation group was 90.65%,and 71.96% of the control group,there was a significant difference between the two groups(χ2 =12.299,P <0.01).There was no obvious side effects during the treatment in both groups.Conclusion Donepezil combined with memantine can significantly improve the cognitive function and psychological behavior of AD patients,and there are fewer adverse events.

Summing up years of experiences in teaching for seven-year program,we look on exerting students' enthusiasm and attaching importance to cultivating students' ability as our golden rules,and take some reformative measures to improve physiology teaching quality for long-term system,including adjustment of curricular structure,optimizing teaching methods,strengthening class discussion,performing summary lessons,reforming experiment courses and carrying out simple research design.

Objective To describe a new classification of pelvic obliquity secondary to poliomyelitis,and investigate the operative indications and effective surgical modes. Methods Fifty-six adult pelvic obliquity secondary to polio were reviewed. The pelvic obliquity was divided into two types and three kinds according to the causes of deformity, X－ ray films of pelvic and gait. Six surgical methods were chosen respectively to correct the deformities. Results All the patients were followed-up for 10 to 80 months(mean 28 months). Complete correction of pelvic obliquity was obtained in 11 patients and major correction in 45 patients. The average corrective rate was 78.3％ . Conclusion Not all the patients with pelvic obliquity after polio need surgical treatment. This new classification has great help to surgical planning and to improve the operative effects.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of transendoscopic Doppler ultrasonogra-phy in various gastrointestinal diseases. Methods Transendoscopic Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 59 patients with various gastrointestinal diseases. Results The Doppler signals were detected beneath the peptic ulcer base in 29 of 39 patients (74. 4% ) . For acute ulcer bleeding and non - bleeding, the Doppler - positive rates were 87. 5% and 65. 2% , respectively, and the measured depth of vessels were 0. 49 mm and 0. 65mm (P

Objective To explore the correlation of posttraumatic growth with social support in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms at the end of life.Methods Cluster random sampling was used to select 280 patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms who were predicted to survive no longer than 6 months in 10 first-class hospitals in Beijing and Tangshan,and they were investigated by Posttraumatic Growth Inventor (PTGI) and Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS).Results The total score of PTGI (61.13 ± 16.78)and the scores of appreciation of life (23.71±7.34),personal strength(10.67±3.55),new possibility(10.07±2.11),relating to others(12.54±5.14),spititual change(10.89±4.35)were higher than median value.The total score of SSRS(41.21±8.48) and objective support(10.27±2.75) were higer than the normal level((39.05±6.35),(8.42±2.27)) (P＜0.05).The appreciation of life was positively correlated with subjective support and the total score of SSRS (r=0.25,r=0.26,P＜0.05),personal strength was positively correlated with objective support,subjective support and the total score of SSRS(r=0.24,r=0.29,r=0.23,P＜0.05),new possibility was positively correlated with subjective support(r=0.21,P＜0.05),relating to others was positively correlated with objective support and the total score of SSRS (r=0.26,r=0.26,P＜0.05),spititual change was positively correlated with objective support and subjective support (r=0.28,r=0.31,P＜0.05).The total score of PTGI was positively correlated with subjective support and the total score of SSRS (r=0.29,r=0.29,P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms at the end of life experience a certain extent of posttraumatic growth and high level of social support.Posttraumatic growth is positively correlated with social support.

Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; etiology ; therapy ; Captopril ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; methods ; Myocardial Ischemia ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Rabbits ; Ventricular Fibrillation

Objective To investigate the physicochemical characteristics of urinary stone induced by ceftriaxone.Methods Two children cefriaxone-associated urinary stone samples were received for component analysis in our hospital in April 2012,of which one was from a boy whose clinical data was not available,and the other was from a boy who suffered acute lower abdominal pain and vomiting after treatment with ceftriaxone for 5 d in early April.Ultrasound demonstrated a stone in his right upper ureter.Computed tomography showed right upper ureteral stone,which was radiolucent on plain abdominal radiograph.After a conservative treatment for 3 d,the stone in right upper ureter was spontaneously passed,which was confirmed by the ultrasound and intravenous pyelography.The two received stone samples were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and energy disperse spectroscopy for component analysis.Results The compositions of two stone samples were free ceftriaxone and calcium ions combined with a molar ratio of 1:1.Conclusions The ceftriaxone could induce urinary stone in children.This special stone has radiolueent imaging,and it is composed of calcium ceftriaxone salt.

Objective To determine the characteristics of early cognitive dysfunction and N300 event-related potentials(ERPs)in patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods Thirty patients with ACI and thirty normal healthy elderly people were studied.The two groups were examined with a picture recognition test and EEG waveforms were recorded.The ERPs were analysed statistically.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE) was used to evaluate cognitive function,and the results were correlated with the ERPs. Results The average MMSE scores of the ACI and control groups were significantly different.Reaction times(RTs)in the picture recognition test were(798.63±49.32)ms in the ACI group and(765.21±35.67)ms in the control group,a difference significant at the 5% confidence level.The average accuracy rates,(59.75±8.45)%and(65.26±9.28)%,were also significantly different.Average N300 ERPs the in the ACI group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the average latencies were significantly longer.Both latency and amplitude in the ACI group showed a linear correlation with MMSE scores. Conclusion The ERPs of ACI patients have some clinical significance,and can be used as a scale-based assessment of cognitive function.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the simultaneous determination of clopidogrel (CLO) and its active metabolites (CATM) and inactive metabolites (CCAM),and to conduct pharmacokinetic study. METHODS:The plasma sam-ple had been derivatized by 2-bromine-3′-methoxy acetophenone(MPB),and was precipitated by acetonitrile. Using carbam-azepine as internal standard,UPLC-MS/MS was adopted. The separation was performed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column with mobile phase consisted of water(containing 0.1% formic acid)-acetonitrile(containing 0.1% formic acid)using a gradient elution program at the flow rate of 0.50 ml/min. The ESI was equipped and quantitative analysis was operated in posi-tive ion and MRM mode. The mass transition ion-pairs were followed as m/z 322.1→211.8(CLO),m/z 504.1→155.0(the alkyl-ation derivatives of CATM,CATMD),m/z 308.3→198.0(CCAM),m/z 273.2→194.3(internal standard). RESULTS:The lin-ear calibration curves for CLO,CATMD and CCAM were obtained in the concentration range of 0.03-20.00 ng/ml,0.30-200.00 ng/ml and 10.00-10 000.00 ng/ml in plasma,respectively;intra-day and inter-day RSD for them were all less than 15%,and relative error(RE)ranged from -3.5% to 5.7%. Main pharmacokinetic parameters of CLO,CATMD and CCAM in 5 healthy volunteers after oral administration of CLO 300 mg were as follows:cmax were(7.89±5.46),(15.58±8.08),(8 023.33± 1 047.39)ng/ml;tmax were(1.25 ± 0.43),(1.25 ± 0.43),(1.67 ± 0.29)h;t1/2 were (2.31 ± 0.61),(0.64 ± 0.08),(6.53 ± 2.55)h;AUC0-t were(17.19±14.59),(21.39±9.58),(30 648.85±8 026.63)ng·h/ml. CONCLUSIONS:The established method is sensi-tive,rapid and convenient,which is suitable for pharmacokinetic study and plasma concentration determination of CLO and its metabolites.

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Liaoning Province from 1951 to 2014,so as to provide the evidence for further control of the disease. Methods The data of registered malaria cases in Liaoning Province from 1951 to 2014 were collected and analyzed with epidemiological methods. Results From 1951 to 2014,there were report-ed malaria cases each year. The peaks of incidence were in 1953,1962 and 1973,the incidence rates were 136.67/100000, 256.81/100000 and 35.89/100000 respectively and the numbers of patients were 27862,65460 and 11523,respectively. From 1977 to 2014,the incidence rates were all less than 1/100000. From 1951 to 1980,the occupations of patients were main-ly farmers,and from 1981 to 2014 were mainly workers,farmers and exported laborers. Conclusion The malaria endemic situ-ation in Liaoning Province experienced the periods from outbreaks to basically elimination,and the long-term surveillance will be the further working emphasis.