Objective:To investigate the effects and the therapeutic mechanism of Fu Fang Tang Yang of You(FTY)on wound healing and reducing the proliferation scar of deep partial thinkness nurn in rats.Method 120 kun-ming rats were employed as the model.Deep partial thinkness burn wound(s3 cm2 per wound)were made on the back of each rat by 108℃steam.The wound rats were divided into five groups.Four groups underwen(tgroupA,B,C,D)local treatment with FTY,rhEGF,Sulfadiazine silvercream and Vegetable oil,respectively.The control group E was localy treatment with applied the normal saline.Each wound area was calculated by dry/wet weight at 8,24,48,72 hafterinjury.Histological examination:Determination of TGF-?1,typeofcollagenⅠ,Ⅲwith immunohistochemistry.Expression of MMP-1,TIMP-1 were testd by in situ hybridiz-ation and image analgsis at 3,7,14 past-burn days.The apoptosis index was exmined by TUNEL technique.Results:Treatment with FTY could protect the remains of cells and tissues in wound,alleviate inflammatory response,decrease the level of tissues edema,reduce the formation of proliferation scars and accelerate the process of wound healing.Conclusion.FTY could promote the wound healing of deep partial thinkness burn with less scar formation.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Fu Fang Tang Yang You(复方烫疡油) on the formation of proliferation scars at the ventral side of the ear of rabbits and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods: 144 wounds at the ventral side of the ears of 18 New Zealand white rabbits were created,The area of each wound was 1.2cm?1.0cm.The wounded rabbits were randomly divided into two groups(groups A and B).All the wounds on the right ears of the rabbits in group A were treated with FTY;and the wounds on the left with vegetable oil.All the wounds on the right ears of group B were treated with Sulfadiazine silver cream;and the wounds on the left with normal saline.Tissues from the wounds were examined respectively.30d,60d,90d after injury.Each sample was immunohistochemically stained and examined TGF-?1,type of collagenⅠ?Ⅲ and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) monoclonal antibody were examined.The apoptosis index was calculated with TUNEL technique.Results: In FTY group,the time of wound healing was reduced by about 1.5 days;The expression of TGF-?1?PCNA in the tissues of the wounds was lower than that of the control group.Meanwhile,the apoptotic index of fibroblasts was obviously higher than that of the control group.Conclusion: FTY can promote wound healing with less scar formation.

Chemotherapy resist is the problem for clinic,and some researches find that chemotherapy with anthracycline and oxaliplatin not only induces the tumor cell apoptosis,but also the celt immunogenic cell death (ICD) by inducing the tumor cell apoptosis and releasing three kinds of signals:exposure of calreticulin on the cell surface to stimulate the dendritic cell (DC) to engulf,and the secretion of adenosine triphosphate to recruit DC to enter into tumor bed,and the release of the high mobility group B1 to promote DC to steadily bind with dying tumor cell to induce specific T cell antitumor immune response.It is with great meaning to promote the chemotherapy protocol by studying the ICD induced by chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND:Using degradable materials for bone tissue engineering to treat bone defects is the best choice at present. How to ensure adequate vascularization in materials in order to meet the need of blood supply and an exchange of nutrients for seed cells in the process of bone regeneration is becoming a critical problem reversed from basic research to clinical application.
OBJECTIVE:To review the biodegradable materials for bone tissue engineering and the ways to promote vascularization in materials.
METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed and PMC databases was performed by the first author for the literature about biodegradable materials for bone tissue engineering and their vascularization published from 1993 to 2013. The key words were“degradable materials, bone tissue engineering, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, osteogenesis”in English.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The commonly used biodegradable materials for bone tissue engineering include synthetic polymer materials, magnesium al oy, bioactive glass ceramics, calcium phosphate ceramics and composites. We can promote the vascularization of tissue-engineered bone by the fol owing aspects:scaffold fabrication, growth factors, the application of endothelial progenitor cells, cells co-culture and microsurgical techniques. Although the research on the vascularization of tissue-engineered bone has made a great progress, there is stil a lot of shortcomings. We believe that, with the development of mechanism of angiogenesis, the vascularized tissue-engineered bone wil have a promising prospect because of improving the structure and properties of materials, promoting the ability of release-control ed growth factors and their synergies, optimizing the selection and mixed culture of seed cells and improving the microsurgical techniques.

Molecular medicine and cancer research center in Chongqing Medical University adhered to academic honesty and credit education ,established original laboratory records system , regularly carried out seminar and improved paper submission program thus to reject academic miscon-ducts from the source,guarantee the authenticity of the data and improve the academic moral level of postgraduates.

Objective To investigate the effect of remifentanil and fentanyl on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor currents in rat spinal cord dorsal horn neurons.Methods Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record the NMDA receptor currents.The primary cultured E14SD rat spinal cord dorsal horn neurons (DH cells) were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each):remifentanil group (group R),fentanyl group (group F) and control group (group C).DH cells were perfused with 4 nmol/L remifentanil (group R) or 10 μmol/L fentanyl (group F) for 60 min followed by washout.NMDA receptor currents were recorded immediately after administration (T0),at 15,30,45 and 60 min of action of drugs (T1-4),and at 15 and 30 min (T5-6) after washout.Results Compared with group C,no significant change in the peak NMDA receptor current was found at each time point in group F and at T0 and T1 in group R (P ＞ 0.05),and the peak NMDA receptor current was significantly increased at T2-6 in group R (P ＜ 0.01).The peak NMDA receptor current was significantly higher at T2-6 than at T0,while lower at T2-4 and T6 than at T5 in group R (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Remifentanil can increase NMDA receptor function in rat spinal cord horn neurons,and the peak effect is reached after washout,but fentanyl dose not have the effect.

In more than ten years, hematopoietic factors have been approved to be effective in the treatment of radiation sickness. But there are still some problems in the clinical application, such as suitable cases, dosage, administrative timing, and drug combination. Due to those problems, the efficacy was undermined. Our experimental treatment study showed that hematopoietic factors should be administered early after the radiation exposure. The efficacy of early administration group is better than the one treated in acute phase of radiation sickness. There is also a limit of application duration but not the longer the better. RhTPO along can not induce the granulocytopoiesis and rhG-CSF can not improve the recovery of megakaryopoiesis. Hematopoietic factors do not increase the chromosome mutation rate of tumor cells. We did not observe bone marrow stem cell or progenitor cell exhaustion after we treated those animals for a second cycle of hematopoietic factors or exposed those treated animals to radiation again. RhG-CSF is more effective in the recovery of granulocytopoiesis than rhGM-CSF. RhIL-11 can increase the recovery of three cell lines of bone marrow, especially megakaryopoiesis. We recommended the combination of hematopoietic factors in the treatment of acute radiation sickness. RhG-CSF plus rhIL-11 is a preferred combination.

Complications are always likely to occur in the treatment of fractures. Once fracture-related complications occur,their management will be difficuh,resulting in a long handling process that increases physical and financial pain on the patients.Fea- turing“management of fracture-related complications”,this issue intends to draw attention from orthopaedists to the challenging task of prophylaxis and treatment of such problems in clinic.Not only non-union,malunion,heterotopic ossification,bone necrosis but also such systemic complications as deep vain thrombosis,soft tissue infection and necrosis are discussed.They involve long tubular bones,pelvic,proximal femur,tibial plateau and calcaneum.Authors introduce their experience from their clinical practice which can benefit readers a lot.It is well known that an effective prevention is the best treatment.In treatment of fractures,principles must be strictly followed and preventive measures taken throughout the whole process.Once a complication has been detected,therapy should be individualized 1o gain the best outcome.

Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, with elevated low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels as a major risk factor. Lower levels of LDL-C can effectively reduce the risk of CHD. To date, lipid-lowering medicines such as statins are effective in lowering LDL-C, but a proportion of patients do not achieve lipid reduction target with statins or are intolerant to statins. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are a new class of agents reducing LDL-C which gain more and more concerns. Through inhibitory effect on PCSK9 and increasing low-density lipoprotein receptors recycling, they can significantly reduce serum LDL-C levels. PCSK9 inhibitors are currently in phase III of clinical trials, and the results showed that they had good lipid-lowering effects and tolerability. This review provided an overview of the latest advances and challenges about PCSK9 inhibitors.

Objective To prepare a new type of micropore porcine acellular dermis matrix with the aid of laser (LPADM),and to validate the healing effect of the LPADM through the phrase Ⅰ composite transplanting on the back of the full- thickness skin defects in SD rats.Methods In vitro,the allogeneic fibroblasts were separately cultured with the LPADM (LPADM group) or the non-pore PADM (non-pore LPADM group),while fibroblasts cultured by pure medium were used as control.After culture of 1 day,3 days and 5 days,the contents of IL-10,IL-6,TGF-β1,LN,VEGF expressed by fibroblasts were determined by double-antibody sandwich ELISA method.In vivo,the phrase Ⅰ transplantations of LPADM graft with split-thickness autologous skin were carried on the backs of the full-thickness cutaneous defects of SD rats.The healing condition was observed and analyzed by histological tests.Results The differences of the absorbance value between the LPADMgroup,PADM group and control group in each day were not statistically significant (F=0.050-1.763,P＞0.05).The transplantation of LPADM graft with split-thickness autologous skin graft resulted in high rate of surviving without signs of rejection 3 weeks later.After 1-month of transplantation,the regenerated skin was well enough to be lifted without any serious scars.Conclusions The phrase Ⅰ transplantation of LPADM graft with split-thickness autologous skin graft can accelerate the healing process of full-thickness skin wounds with high biological safety.