Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; physiopathology

The mirror neuron system is an action observation-execution mechanism which plays an important role in many neurophysiologicalprocesses, such as action observation, action imitation, motor imagery and motor learning. It is an important neural mechanism of actionobservation therapy, motor imagery therapy, mirror therapy, virtual reality therapy and brain computer interface technology.

The Halliwick concept is a kind of aquatic kinesitherapy concept to reduce disability and improve quality of life through activities in water such as swimming. It mainly includes the Halliwick Ten-Point-Programme aimming at teaching siwmming and the Water Specific Therapy focusing on impairments of body functions or body structure. The Halliwick concept can be relatead to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health very well, and its therapeutic effects has been supported by more and more evidence-based-studies.

Objective Probe into different method safe and effective fixation method,clinical result and cliniical to indications of different treatments in intertrochanter fracture of femur in the old elderly.Methods Adopting the femur near end dissecting type to lock the stencil plate fixation 14 of 58 cases of old intertrochanter fracture of femur separately.the hip screw of motive force(DHS) fixation was used in 24,femur near end stencil plate fixation in 20,and the blood loss,operation time,ossicle split off situation and fracture heal time were compared among the three groups.Sanders grade results and complications were followed up.Results Postoperative follow up Was done in all patients,from 8 months to 3 years,averaged 1.5 years.three groups of skill type fine rate of the three groups being 92.9%,92%,90%respectively.Conclusions Different methods showed good clinical results in treating the old intertrochanter fracture of femur,each having its indications.Operation should be done should follow based on fracture type,age,physique factors and patient's osteoporosis intensity,choosing the best healing solution by characteristics of intermal flxation while each combining.The hook board(ALHP)is suitable for old patients with serious osteoporosis,DHS for Evans Ⅰ,Ⅱ types and some Evans Ⅲ type,and femur near end dissecting type stencil plate for Ⅳ and Ⅴ types fractures.

The bleeding in liver resection is an important factor influencing the operation risk and postoperative out comes.Hepatic vascular exclusion technique is an effective method to control the bleeding,which has been improved after being widely used in clinical practice.In this paper,the research progress on the clinical application of various kinds of hepatic vascular exclusion techniques was reviewed.

3D printing service in medical librariescan help their users to master the new medical technologies, meet the needs in clinical teaching, and expand their value-added service.The application of 3D printing techno logy in 5 American medical libraries was thus analyzed in terms of its equipments, establishment of biomedical 3D model, and charge of 3D printing service, with the problems stressed for domestic medical libraries in providing 3D printing service, such as rational allocation of fees, solution of intellectual properties, and training of professional librarians.

ObjectiveTo observe the influence of medical exercise on rehabilitation of patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods26 COPD patients who were organized in the form of training class practised medical exercise for three months. Respiratory function, exercise capacity and psychological health level were assessed respectively before and after exercise.ResultsValues of forced vital capacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FVC% , FEV1/ FVC and 6-minute walking distance (6MD) were significantly higher after medical exercise than before(P<0.01). Anxiety and depression scores also notably dropped after medical exercise than before(P<0.01).Conclusions Medical exercise can remarkably improve respiratory and moving capacity and decrease anxiety and depression of patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective To investigate the effects of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on cell proliferation,differentiation and the genetic expression of osteogenesis specific transcription factor-Osterix (OSX) in the calvaria-derived osteoblasts of SD rats.MethodsPrimary osteoblasts were separated from the calvarias of Sprague-Dawley rats 24 hours after birth by trypsinazation and collagenase digestion.The osteoblasts at passage 4 were randomly divided into a control group and a PEMF group,Cells in the PEMF group were placed onto PEMF therapeutic apparatus and exposed to 11 mT radiation at 12 Hz for 1 h per day for 3 days.The osteoblasts' proliferation ability was then detected via methylthiazdyl tetrazolium assay.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the cell lysate and the supernatant fluid was assayed through disodium phenyl phosphate colorimetric determination to determine the cells'differentiation ability.OSX mRNA expression was determined using real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsThe proliferation of osteoblasts in the PEMF group was significantly greater than in the control group.PEMF exposure suppressed ALP activity in both the lysate and the supernatant of the osteoblasts.The OSX mRNA expression in the PEMF group was significantly down-regulated compared with the control group.ConclusionPEMF at 12 Hz and 11 mT can promote the proliferation of osteoblasts,but it inhibits cellular differentiation and down-regulates the mRNA expression of OSX.

Objective To assess the clinical application value of vector flow mapping (VFM) in evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in patients with myocardial infarction(MI).Methods Fifty patients with MI were enrolled as patients group.Sixty healthy people were enrolled as control group.The quantitative parameters,including position of vortex,the number of laps,the half-value area (S),Diameter of half-value area of vortex (D),the maximum flow volume of vortex (Qmax),and vortex intensity (Qmax/S)were measured in the VFM imaging mode and vortex mode.Difference of the parameters was evaluated between two groups.Ea/Aa were derived via TDI.And correlation analysis was performed between Ea/Aa and Qmax/S.Results Vortex were close to midline and apex cordis.Qmax/S in patients group were decreased,but the number of turns and S and D in patients group were increased.Qmax was changed during different periods of different vortex.Qmax/S had a good correlation with Ea/Aa.Conclusions VFM is a new accurate way for clinical to analysis quantificationally left ventricular blood flow structure and provides quantitative index.

Objective To examine the expression of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) receptor subtypes in human left and right atrial tissue in atrial fibrillation underlying rheumatic heart disease. Methods Atrial tissue samples were obtained from 39 patients with rheumatic heart disease, 25 with atrial fibrillation(AF) and 14 with sinus rhythm(SR) during open heart surgery. AT1 and AT2 mRNA levels were measured with semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction techniques. AT1 and AT2 protein levels were measured with immunohistochemical techniques. Results Compared with that of the SR group, left atrial inner diameter was significantly increased in the patients of the AF group. The AT1 mRNA and protein levels in the LA significantly increased in patients with AF compared with those in patients with SR (P < 0. 05), whereas AT2 mRNA and protein were not significantly altered. Investigations of Ang Ⅱ receptor subtypes' mRNA and protein levels in the RA did not exhibit any significant changes either in AT1 or AT2 in patients with AF and SR. Conclusions AF is associated with an up-regulation of AT1 in LA, but does not appear to influence the AT2 expression. This may indicate a possible pathophysiologie role for renin-angiotensin system in the development of AF. The series of effects mediated by ATI activation may be one of the molecular mechanisms involved in the process of atrial remodeling.