No abstract available.
Aging* ; Anatomy, Comparative* ; Animals*

RAN-aCGH is an R GUI tool for the analysis and visualization of array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) experiments. The tool consists of data-loading, preprocessing for missing data, several methods for statistical identification of DNA copy number aberration, and visualization of the copy number change. RAN-aCGH requires a single input format, provides various visualizations, and allows the addition of a new statistical method, all in a user-friendly graphic user interface (GUI).
Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; DNA

No abstract available.
Comparative Effectiveness Research

No abstract available.
Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; DNA

No abstract available.
Comparative Effectiveness Research

No abstract available.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization*

Diagnostic ; Neisseria ; Gonorrhea ; Comparative Study

The “Kokon Hoi” was compiled by Koga Tsugen and was the most widely used formulary in the Edo era. Here are the results of this author's examination of various “Kokon Hoi” editions.1) Koga Tsugen received the source book of “Kokon Hoi” from the publisher Umemura, and compiled “Sanpo Kokon Hoi”.2) The original edition of “Kokon Hoi” was published by Umemura in around1692. This edition was a lengthwise book and contained 1263 prescriptions, which is the fewest of all the editions examined here.3) Umemura published an expanded edition of the original “Kokon Hoi” around1696. This was an oblong book, and included almost all of the prescriptions of the original “Kokon Hoi” with an additional 273 prescriptions.4) At the request of Umemura, Koga Tsugen published “Sanpo Kokon Hoi” with an additional 348 prescriptions in 1733, and subsequently, “Jutei Kokon Hoi” with an additional 43 prescriptions in 1747. “Jutei Kokon Hoi” was then reprinted in the years 1780, 1808 and 1862.
Books ; Editions ; Comparative Study ; historical period ; seconds

Comparative effectiveness research (CER) now is a very popular concept in the field of international heath care reformation. Although its contents are not essentially changed, it advocates a new medical idea, a policy orientation at the national medical system level. The European countries and America hope CER could initiate the construction of a new historical milestone. Although there are already some guidelines for the design and report of CER by authorized international organizations, its assessment standards have not been involved. Therefore, good research for comparative effectiveness (GRACE) was signed by International Society Pharmacoepidemiology. A series of standard rules were formulated on how to assess the observational studies. In this article by analyzing the GRACE, we hope to provide the referential standards for enforcing observational studies by introducing CER in the clinical studies of Chinese medicine.
Comparative Effectiveness Research ; Research Design ; standards

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) have enabled us to perform high-throughput mutation screening and genome-wide copy number analysis, respectively. These methods can be used for molecular diagnosis of pediatric endocrine disorders. NGS has determined the frequency and phenotypic variation of mutations in several disease-associated genes. Furthermore, whole exome analysis using NGS has successfully identified several novel causative genes for endocrine disorders. Array CGH is currently used as the standard procedure for molecular cytogenetic analysis. Array CGH can detect various submicroscopic genomic rearrangements involving exons or enhancers of disease-associated genes. This review introduces some examples of the use of NGS and array CGH for the molecular diagnosis of pediatric endocrine disorders.
Comparative Genomic Hybridization* ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Diagnosis* ; Exome ; Exons ; Mass Screening