No abstract available.
Hospitals, Community* ; Humans

In this paper strategic planning is applied for effective management to improve hospital income. Though community hospital has been set up for improving the health status of community, it must be trying to increase income for continuing with referral hospital in the community. The most useful tool of management to do this purpose is thought of strategic planning. Therefore this paper developed strategic planning a typical community hospital, which for it presenting the strategic planning process and developing the simulation model for evaluation of strategic alternatives. In the result it is represented that admission rate is the most sensitive to hospital operating income among the important variables in the model. And simulation by changing the parameter could estimate the yearly hospital income in the response of alternatives. This strategic planning simulation model has had constraints as number of date but also significant such as evaluating the alternatives by quantitative model and at first applying the hospital in our country.
Hospitals, Community* ; Referral and Consultation

Up to 1997, 41 provinces (67%) implemented the vertical administration of the health network. 18 provinces (33%) implemented the local administration of the health network. The ASEAN members have implemented the vertical administration of the health network. The experiences and fact have shown that the method of the vertical administration found effectively and actively. It allowed exploiting the potential of all resources and developing the efficacy of health activity in the past and current period.
Community Networks ; Organization and Administration

Human Development ; Food ; Community

Prevalence aspects ; Sarawak ; Community

MALAYSIAN ; Pneumonia ; Community

Social changes known to be prevalent in the world today, especially those identified in developing countries also prevail in the Philippines. These social transformations have had an impact on individuals and communities. What has become clear is that the political and social forces that have generated such changes have contributed significantly to an increase in the world-wide incidence of psychosocial and mental health problems.
PSYCHIATRY ; COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRY

The aim of this presentation is to share with the thoughts and insights learned as the program responds to the needs of the community as well as to gather reactions, comments, suggestions, and recommendations for a more effective, and efficient approach in the development of community based psychiatric programs as wells as to identify points of entry for PPA and its members.
COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES

This article discuss and answers the two questions which have relevance to the Philippine situation - first, the ethics of difficult life-- and- death decisions, and secondly, new and neglected aspects of the moral responsibility of Filipino doctors for the '80's.
BIOETHICS ; COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS

Background: Mental Health Literacy (MHL) is considered a vital determinant of mental health and has the ability to benefit both individual and public mental health. To thoroughly measure the different aspects of mental health literacy and determine level of knowledge in the community, a MHLS-Filipino version is required. Objective: This study aimed to validate the Mental Health Literacy Scale – Filipino (MHLS-F) version among Community Health Workers in a rural and an urban health center in CaLaBaRZon. Study Design: This is a methodological study that was conducted among rural and urban health workers Patients and Methods: The guidelines provided by Beaton was used as template for the process of translation and crosscultural adaptation. The first phase involved Translation and Cross- cultural Adaptation of the Mental Health Literacy Scale from English to Filipino Version (MHLS-F). The instrument was simultaneously forward translated from English to Filipino by two independent translators from the Sentro ng Wikang Filipino. Back translations into English were done by two independent translators. The expert review committee discussed discrepancies found between the original items and the back-translated version of the questionnaire through a small group discussion and evaluated the content validity. Judgement on each item was made based on the computed i- CVI. The pre-final translated questionnaire was pre-tested on 5 rural and 5 urban community health workers with similar characteristics to the study population. Suggestions or alternative wording were documented and forwarded to Sentro ng Wikang Filipino for editing and proofreading. After synthesis of all reviews, the Mental Health Literacy Scale – Filipino Version was finalized. The final version was administered to 220 Community Health Workers from the Santa Rosa CHO and San Juan MHO. Psychometric properties on internal reliability using Cronbach’s Alpha was used as complementary procedure for determining the final structure of the instrument. Results: All six domains of MHLS were translated into Filipino without any major problems. The Final Mental Health Literacy Scale- Filipino Version has 26 items under 3 subscales. It has an acceptable content validity and satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.730). Conclusion MHLS was successfully cross-culturally adapted into Filipino. The MHLS-F has good validity and reliability in assessing knowledge and attitude in mental health among community healthcare workers
Community Health Workers