Management ; Colorectal Cancer

During the period of 25 years from January 1978 through December 2002, a total of 808 colorectal cancer cases were operated on in Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital. The number of sugical resection cases came to 713 (ratio : 88.25%). Curative resection was performed on 593 cases (ratio : 73.4%). The total number of cases was broken down into 446 cases of cancer of the colon and 369 cases of cancer of the rectum (7 multiple cancer cases included). By sex, male cases numbered 329 and female cases 379. Clinically or histologically, many cases were diagnosed as stage IIIa or stage II cancer. The 5-year-survival rate for the resection cases was calculated at 67.2% and that for the cure resection cases, at 79.5%.
Excision ; Malignant Neoplasms ; Colorectal Cancer ; Cases ; Review of

Krukenberg tumors are very rare. Its origin is difficult to define especially if its gross features mimic a primary ovarian cancer. We present a case of a 24-year-old Filipino female patient with metastatic mucinous ovarian adenocarcinoma of colonic origin that mimicked primary ovarian cancer and genitourinary tuberculosis. Surgery was done and histopathology revealed that the cancer was a metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of colonic origin. This case highlights the importance of differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian lesions as well as distinction between primary and metastatic ovarian neoplasms. Radiological imaging has an evolving role in diagnosis of different cancers, which may be improved through better clinical correlation and developing meaningful differential diagnosis while advancing to a more strategized algorithm in the diagnostic approach.

China ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review and assess the quality of guidelines on colorectal cancer screening worldwide to provide guidance for the development of high-quality colorectal cancer screening guidelines in mainland China. METHODS: CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched to identify guidelines on colorectal cancer screening from inception to Jun. 20th, 2018, and so were some websites and major search engines about the development of the guidelines from the existing literature (search date: Aug. 3rd, 2018). Two experienced reviewers independently examined these abstracts and then extracted information, and the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) were used to evaluate the methodological quality of these guidelines by four well trained reviewers. RESULTS: In this study, 46 guidelines published from 1994 to 2018 were finally included in our analysis from 10 countries and 5 regions, among which 5 were from mainland China. The quality of these guidelines was relatively high in domain 1 (scope and purpose) and domain 4 (clarity of presentation), and medium in domain 2 (stakeholder involvement). While in the other three domains (domain 3: rigour of development; domain 5: applicability; domain 6: editorial independence), the results were quite different among these guidelines. The quality of evidence-based guidelines (defined by the criteria based on World Health Organization guideline development handbook) was generally higher than that of the common guidelines. Existing guidelines from mainland China were not evidence-based guidelines, which were of low quality. CONCLUSION The colorectal cancer screening guidelines all over the world are generally large in number, low in quality, different in statements, and so are the guidelines in China. There are no evidence-based guidelines in mainland China, which cannot provide effective guidance for colorectal cancer screening, so we need to pay more attention to the establishment of guidelines with high quality and high credibility for colorectal cancer screening as well as for cancer screening based on the national condition, in order to provide reasonable guidance for practice in public health and improve the health conditions in our society.
China ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Since the late 2000s, the number of anesthesia performed has increased yearly. However, there has not been research into the appropriate cost of anesthesia based on the difficulty of anesthesia performed, the number of medical personnel participated, and materials administered for anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to analyze the variations in anesthesia cost according to severity of their physical status and cancer stage in patients who had undertaken colorectal cancer surgeries. METHODS: In order to analyze the cost of anesthesia for colorectal cancer surgery, we used Electronic Data Interchange data from 2011 to 2012 of the three superior general hospitals in Seoul. Colorectal cancer codes were limited to seven codes included in the cancer screening statistics of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Based on these data, a frequency analysis and a multiple linear regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: There was no variation in the cost of anesthesia according to gender and age. However, the ASA physical status (PS) class and the cancer stage variables were confirmed to modify the anesthesia cost. CONCLUSIONS: These study imply that there is a difference in the technology used for anesthesia by medical personnel as well as the anesthesia related materials used according to the ASA PS and the cancer stage among patients having the same disease.
Anesthesia* ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Colorectal Surgery ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Linear Models ; Seoul

Incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer has increased significantly in recent years. Screening for colorectal cancer is the most effective method to decrease mortality. Colorectal adenoma is the precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer and can be detected through colonoscopy, which is the crucial in the early diagnosis and early treatment for colorectal cancer. The first step of screening is the selection of target population and the second step is colorectal examination. The selection of candidate for screening has direct effect on the efficacy of screening. The methods in common use include fecal occult blood test, questionnaire for high risk factors of colorectal cancer, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and CT virtual colonoscopy. Among those, colonoscopy is the most reliable method and widely used in the screening for colorectal cancer.
China ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; methods ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Occult Blood

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in China and the incidence has been increasing during the decades. It is reported to take decades for adenoma to transform to carcinoma, which is known as the main CRC pre-cancer lesion. It is important to carry out mass screening in the average risk populations to find the pre-cancer lesion and early cancer, which was the key approach to improve CRC survival. Fecal occult blood test and flexible sigmoidoscopy are the two CRC screening methods, which have been shown to reduce CRC mortality. It still needs to be confirmed in random clinical trials that the value of colonoscopy in CRC screening. In China, the most CRC screening experience was drawn from the works in Zhejiang province in 1970s. Consequently, the Chinese CRC treatment and guideline was founded to provide standard for the CRC screening project.
Adenoma ; China ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Occult Blood ; Sigmoidoscopy

Colorectal cancer, which is the leading cancer in Singapore, can be prevented by increased use of screening and polypectomy. A range of screening strategies such as stool-based tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy and computed tomography colonography are available, each with different strengths and limitations. Primary care physicians should discuss appropriate screening modalities with their patients, tailored to their individual needs. Physicians, patients and the government should work in partnership to improve uptake of colorectal cancer screening to reduce the morbidity and mortality from colorectal cancer.
Asymptomatic Diseases ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Primary Health Care ; Singapore

The objective of cancer screening is to reduce the risk of death, i.e., mortality from cancer among individuals subjected to screening. For cervical and colorectal cancer, the screening test is aimed at detection of preinvasive lesions. Therefore, reduction in the incidence of invasive disease also results from screening. In a national cancer control program, the programs should be orgainzed to ensure that a large proportion of the target group is screened and that those individuals in whom abnormalities are abserved receive appropriate diagnosis and therapy. Agreement should be reached on guidelines to be applied in the national cancer control program. When establishing appropriate cancer screening recommendations several factors should be considered. ① For establishing the starting age, age-specific incidence and mortality rate, life lost person-years, and cost-effectiveness can be considered. ② For frequency of screening, it is necessary to understand the natural history of disease. ③ For choosing the best test tool, sensitivity and specificity, compliance, cost, and adverse effects can be considered. It seems that doctors' willingness to participate is essential for a successful cancer screening program. They should understand the rationale of cancer secreening, its effectiveness, and the risk.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Compliance ; Diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer* ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Mass Screening ; Mortality ; Natural History ; Sensitivity and Specificity